amethyst/.claude/skills/find-missing-translations/SKILL.md

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name: find-missing-translations description: Translation audits of strings.xml locales in commonsUI/.../composeResources and amethyst/src/main/res: missing or untranslated keys, CLDR plural categories, Crowdin sync rules, lint gates. Use before translating or seeding locale files.

Find missing translations

How to author a new string (where it goes, Res.string, positional args, Compose escaping) is in AGENTS.md "Strings" — not repeated here. This skill is the audit: diff locales against their default, fill the gaps, and pass the gates.

Two catalogs — scan both, report separately

Each is its own Crowdin source in crowdin.yml, so each count reconciles against its own Crowdin UI number.

Catalog	Default file	Size
commonsUI (Compose resources, Android + Desktop)	commonsUI/src/commonMain/composeResources/values/strings.xml	~6,155 <string> + ~198 <plurals>
amethyst (Android res/)	amethyst/src/main/res/values/strings.xml	~191 <string> + ~13 <plurals> — the synchronous-platform tier only

• New keys always go in commonsUI. A feature key found in the amethyst tree belongs in commonsUI: move it with tools/strings-migrate/migrate.py <keys…> (moves every locale byte-for-byte), don't translate it in place.
• Locale dirs differ between the trees (56 vs 57) — enumerate values-* under each base, don't assume.
• A key name present in both trees does not mean the same English. Copy an existing translation across trees only when the two English values are byte-identical; otherwise translate fresh (or copy from the key whose value matches).
• The trees escape differently. commonsUI authors edge whitespace raw, never quote-wrapped, and \' renders literally there; copying Android-style "replying to " or \' into commonsUI is a bug. tools/agent-hooks/compose_escaping_check.py catches it (CI and pre-push).
• Same English repeated under many keys (Cancel, Save, …) across the trees is expected. Don't dedupe during a translation pass.

Default target locales

values-cs, values-de-rDE, values-sv-rSE, values-pt-rBR (unless the user names others). Czech is on the base qualifier because crowdin.yml maps cs: cs (in both sources); there is no values-cs-rCZ.

Crowdin rules that decide what sticks

• .github/workflows/crowdin.yml passes import_eq_suggestions: true, so the upload seeds Crowdin with whatever is in the repo locale files, values identical to the source included, as pending (unapproved) suggestions. So:
  • Do copy the English verbatim for keys a locale keeps in English (brand names like Nowhere …, loanwords like Apps/Feed, format-only values like v%1$s, +%1$d, example placeholders). Leaving them out keeps them untranslated in Crowdin forever.
  • Never for <plurals> — English one/other in cs/pl fails MissingQuantity.
  • Not for words the locale really translates (German "Arbeitsbereich", "Training"): list those for a human translator instead of seeding a wrong suggestion.
• A repo-side edit to a translated value only sticks where Crowdin's database doesn't contradict it. Download replaces file content with Crowdin's export. Adding a key Crowdin holds nothing for sticks; overwriting a value Crowdin holds differently — including an empty value — is reverted on the next sync. Durable value fixes go in the Crowdin web UI. Edits to the source values/strings.xml do stick (it is Crowdin's input).
• tools:ignore goes on the source entry in amethyst/src/main/res/values/strings.xml, never on a locale file — Crowdin propagates source attributes into every export and strips ones added only to a locale. Never add tools: attributes to the commonsUI catalog at all: its root doesn't declare the namespace, so the XML becomes malformed (the escaping check flags it). Before suppressing, grep -rn "<key>" --include='*.kt': an unused key should be deleted instead.
• Reading a Crowdin sync diff: compare key sets per file, not -/+ lines; Crowdin reorders whole files.

1. Diff each locale, both resource types

Diff <string> and <plurals> separately (a missing <plurals> never shows in a <string> diff), and diff every target locale — files are asymmetric, so cs is not an upper bound.

keys() { grep "<$2 name=" "$1" | grep -v 'translatable="false"' | sed 's/.*name="\([^"]*\)".*/\1/' | sort -u; }
for base in commonsUI/src/commonMain/composeResources amethyst/src/main/res; do
  echo "## $base"
  for l in cs de-rDE sv-rSE pt-rBR; do
    for t in string plurals; do
      m=$(comm -23 <(keys $base/values/strings.xml $t) <(keys $base/values-$l/strings.xml $t))
      echo "$l $t: $(printf '%s' "$m" | grep -c .)"; printf '%s\n' "$m" | sed '/^$/d;s/^/    /'
    done
  done
done

The strings + plurals total per locale should match Crowdin's "N untranslated". Pull English values with grep "name=\"$key\"" for strings; a <plurals> is a multi-line block (opening tag through </plurals>).

2. Audit before translating

Stop and ask the user about any missing English string that looks plural-shaped: a hardcoded 1 next to a noun ("1 reply"), or a count placeholder whose noun changes with the count ("%1$d follower", thresholds like "more than %1$d hashtags"). It should become a <plurals> first; translating the wrong shape means fixing it in every locale. The pattern is noisy ("Limits for kind %1$d" isn't plural) — review by hand.

Also scan the trees you touch for:

• quantity="one" items with a literal digit and no %d/%1$d placeholder.
• quantity="zero" items outside values-ar*, values-lv* (and Welsh, cy, if a dir ever appears) — dead code: CLDR maps 0 to other there. For "no items" wording use a separate <string> and an if (count == 0) branch at the call site.
• Empty items <item quantity="…"></item> — render as nothing, and Polish many is the common case.
• Placeholder parity between locale and base:

python3 - <<'PY'
import re, io, glob
S = re.compile(r'<string name="([^"]+)"[^>]*>(.*?)</string>', re.S)
P = re.compile(r'<plurals name="([^"]+)"[^>]*>(.*?)</plurals>', re.S)
I = re.compile(r'<item quantity="([^"]+)"[^>]*>(.*?)</item>', re.S)
PH = re.compile(r'(?<!\\)%(?:(\d+)\$)?([sdf])')   # (?<!\\) required: \%2$d is a literal
sig = lambda t: sorted(set(m.group(0) for m in PH.finditer(t)))
for base in ['commonsUI/src/commonMain/composeResources', 'amethyst/src/main/res']:
    d = io.open(f'{base}/values/strings.xml', encoding='utf-8').read()
    ds = {m[1]: sig(m[2]) for m in S.finditer(d)}
    dp = {m[1]: sorted(set(x for it in I.finditer(m[2]) for x in sig(it[2]))) for m in P.finditer(d)}
    for p in sorted(glob.glob(f'{base}/values-*/strings.xml')):
        if '/values-ar' in p: continue   # Arabic drops the numeral idiomatically
        s = io.open(p, encoding='utf-8').read()
        for m in S.finditer(s):
            if m[1] in ds and sig(m[2]) != ds[m[1]]: print(p, m[1], ds[m[1]], sig(m[2]))
        for m in P.finditer(s):
            for it in I.finditer(m[2]) if m[1] in dp else []:
                if sig(it[2]) != dp[m[1]]: print(p, f'{m[1]}[{it[1]}]', dp[m[1]], sig(it[2]))
PY
grep -rn '<item quantity="[a-z]*"></item>' amethyst/src/main/res/values*/strings.xml commonsUI/src/commonMain/composeResources/values*/strings.xml

Compare placeholder sets: a repeated index (German repeating %1$s where English says "They") is legitimate.

3. CLDR plural categories

Every locale's <plurals> needs every category its language uses, not English's one/other:

Locales	Categories
en, de, sv, pt-BR, hu	one, other
cs, pl, ru, uk, hr (Slavic)	one, few, many, other
ar	zero, one, two, few, many, other
lv	zero, one, other
zh, ja	other

• Latvian zero is not "no items": it covers 0, 10, 11–19, 20, 30, … (n % 10 = 0 or n % 100 = 11..19), so it fires on most counts and must read as a normal plural form. Never strip zero from values-lv-rLV (or values-ar-rSA); among shipped locales only these two have an integer-bearing zero.
• Never hardcode 1 in a quantity="one" item; one covers other numbers in some languages.
• Converting a <string> to <plurals>: convert it in every locale in the same change (aapt2 rejects a type mismatch; a leftover locale <string> is an orphan) and give each locale its full category set. An other-only block fails MissingQuantity before Crowdin can backfill. Re-check declension — the retained text is usually the plural form ("1 odpowiedzi").
• Verify a locale you're unsure of against CLDR rather than memory:

python3 -m venv "$TMPDIR/cldr" && "$TMPDIR/cldr/bin/pip" -q install babel
"$TMPDIR/cldr/bin/python" -c "
from babel import Locale
for c in ['lv','ar','cs','pl','ru','de','pt_BR']:
    r = Locale.parse(c).plural_form; print(c, sorted({r(n) for n in range(10001)}))"

Call-site patterns for plurals: amethyst/src/main/res/AGENTS.md "Plural call-site patterns".

4. Present, then insert (if approved)

Show the missing entries as copy-paste-ready XML lines, flag the plural-shaped ones, then ask: "Translate these into [locales]?"

When inserting:

• Append before </resources>; don't try to order (Crowdin reorders on sync).
• Per-locale insert rule: insert into each locale only the keys missing from that locale (its own diff from step 1), never one union block pasted into every file — that duplicates keys in locales that already had some.
• Skip translatable="false" keys.

5. Gates, in order

1. Duplicate-key + well-formedness gate on every file you edited. In commonsUI a duplicate is build-breaking: :commonsUI:convertXmlValueResourcesForCommonMain fails with Duplicated key '…'.

   for f in <edited strings.xml files>; do
     d=$(grep -oE '<(string|plurals|string-array) name="[^"]*"' "$f" | sed 's/.*name="//;s/"$//' | sort | uniq -d)
     [ -n "$d" ] && echo "DUP in $f: $d"
     python3 -c "import sys,xml.dom.minidom; xml.dom.minidom.parse(sys.argv[1])" "$f" || echo "MALFORMED $f"
   done
   

2. tools/agent-hooks/orphan_strings_check.py — sub-second; fails on any locale key the default no longer has (both catalogs). Renaming or removing a source key means deleting it from every locale in the same commit; Crowdin's later cleanup is partial. Details: amethyst/src/main/res/AGENTS.md "Renaming or removing a string key".

3. tools/agent-hooks/compose_escaping_check.py — Android-only escaping or tools: attributes in the commonsUI catalog.

4. ./gradlew :amethyst:lintPlayBenchmark — the final gate, the task CI runs (.github/workflows/build.yml, beside lintFdroidBenchmark). Android lint polices only the Android res/ trees (not composeResources — so for commonsUI the plural categories above are on you). There is no lint baseline and only MissingTranslation is disabled (amethyst/build.gradle.kts), so any error fails CI:

   Rule	Fires when	Severity
   MissingQuantity	a locale's <plurals> omits a category that locale uses	error
   ImpliedQuantity	an item has no format argument where its category spans several numbers	error
   ExtraTranslation	a locale key the default doesn't have	error
   StringFormatCount / StringFormatMatches	placeholder count/type differs from the base	warning

   Compiling is not evidence, and a wider BUILD SUCCESSFUL isn't either — read the report:

   python3 -c "
   import json,collections
   r=json.load(open('amethyst/build/reports/lint-results-playBenchmark.sarif',encoding='utf-8'))['runs'][0]['results']
   print(dict(collections.Counter(x.get('level','warning') for x in r)))
   [print('ERROR',x['ruleId'],x['locations'][0]['physicalLocation']['artifactLocation']['uri']) for x in r if x.get('level')=='error']"