v0.0.12 - Fix release flow: always increment version in -r mode; include startup confirmations and latest-version installer behavior

v0.0.11 - Improve startup UX messaging and installer defaults: show mnemonic acceptance, readiness state, and auto-resolve latest release version
v0.0.11 - Improve startup UX: print version, visible mnemonic entry, retry up to 10 attempts, and support q/x quit
2026-05-04 07:21:30 -04:00 · 2026-05-04 07:18:27 -04:00 · 2026-05-04 07:02:40 -04:00 · 2026-05-04 05:57:46 -04:00 · 2026-05-03 20:37:11 -04:00 · 2026-05-03 19:50:29 -04:00
18 changed files with 1693 additions and 290 deletions
--- a/Dockerfile.alpine-musl
+++ b/Dockerfile.alpine-musl
@@ -46,7 +46,10 @@ RUN cd /tmp && \

 # Copy and build nostr_core_lib from project resources
 COPY resources/nostr_core_lib /build/nostr_core_lib/
-RUN cd /build/nostr_core_lib && \
+RUN if [ "$(uname -m)" = "aarch64" ] && ! command -v aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
+      ln -s "$(command -v gcc)" /usr/local/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc; \
+    fi && \
+    cd /build/nostr_core_lib && \
    chmod +x ./build.sh && \
    ./build.sh --nips=1,4,6,19,44

@@ -54,7 +57,14 @@ RUN cd /build/nostr_core_lib && \
 COPY src/ /build/src/

 # Build nsigner as a fully static binary
-RUN gcc -static -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wl,--gc-sections -s -Wall -Wextra -std=c99 \
+RUN ARCH="$(uname -m)"; \
+    case "$ARCH" in \
+      aarch64|arm64) NOSTR_LIB="/build/nostr_core_lib/libnostr_core_arm64.a" ;; \
+      x86_64|amd64)  NOSTR_LIB="/build/nostr_core_lib/libnostr_core_x64.a" ;; \
+      *) echo "Unsupported build arch: $ARCH"; exit 1 ;; \
+    esac; \
+    [ -f "$NOSTR_LIB" ] || { echo "Missing nostr core lib: $NOSTR_LIB"; ls -la /build/nostr_core_lib; exit 1; }; \
+    gcc -static -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wl,--gc-sections -s -Wall -Wextra -std=c99 \
      -I/build/nostr_core_lib \
      -I/build/nostr_core_lib/nostr_core \
      -I/build/nostr_core_lib/cjson \
@@ -67,9 +77,10 @@ RUN gcc -static -Os -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -Wl,--gc-sections -s -Wa
      /build/src/dispatcher.c \
      /build/src/policy.c \
      /build/src/server.c \
+      /build/src/transport_frame.c \
      /build/src/key_store.c \
      /build/src/socket_name.c \
-    /build/nostr_core_lib/libnostr_core_x64.a \
+      "$NOSTR_LIB" \
      -o /build/nsigner_static \
      $(pkg-config --static --libs libcurl openssl) \
      -lsecp256k1 -lsqlite3 -lz -lpthread -lm
--- a/1
+++ b/1
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ SOURCES := \
 	$(SRC_DIR)/dispatcher.c \
 	$(SRC_DIR)/policy.c \
 	$(SRC_DIR)/server.c \
+	$(SRC_DIR)/transport_frame.c \
 	$(SRC_DIR)/key_store.c \
 	$(SRC_DIR)/socket_name.c

--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -237,6 +237,9 @@ Naming rules:
 Discovery:

 - `nsigner list` enumerates currently bound `nsigner_*` abstract sockets by reading `/proc/net/unix`.
+- `nsigner --listen stdio` runs one framed JSON-RPC request/response over stdin/stdout.
+- `nsigner --listen qrexec` is the same stdio framing mode, but caller identity can be derived from `QREXEC_REMOTE_DOMAIN` (displayed as `qubes:<source-vm>`).
+- `nsigner --listen tcp:IPv4:PORT` or `tcp:[IPv6]:PORT` enables TCP listening for non-AF_UNIX clients (for example `tcp:127.0.0.1:8080`, `tcp:[::]:8080`, or `tcp:[fd00::1234]:8080`).

 ### 7.2 ESP32 MCU: USB-CDC serial

@@ -288,6 +291,24 @@ To force a specific socket name (e.g. for scripted clients):
 nsigner --name my_test_signer
 ```

+Qubes/qrexec service mode (single framed request over stdin/stdout):
+
+```bash
+nsigner --listen qrexec
+```
+
+Generic stdio transport mode (single framed request over stdin/stdout):
+
+```bash
+nsigner --listen stdio
+```
+
+TCP transport mode (no TUI; serves requests until terminated):
+
+```bash
+nsigner --listen tcp:[::]:8080
+```
+
 ### 9.2 Send a request (client mode)

 From another terminal, target the signer by its socket name:
@@ -365,6 +386,9 @@ Static build:
 ## 11. Document map

 - [`README.md`](README.md): authoritative behavior specification for the foreground single-program model
+- [`documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`](documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md): client integration contract and framing behavior
+- [`documents/QUBES_OS.md`](documents/QUBES_OS.md): Qubes OS deployment/integration checklist for dedicated signer qubes
+- [`documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md`](documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md): Tier-1 FIPS deployment runbook using loopback TCP listener
 - [`plans/nsigner.md`](plans/nsigner.md): implementation plan and sequencing
 - [`plans/seed_phrase_uses.md`](plans/seed_phrase_uses.md): seed phrase domain/use catalog and caveats
 - [`firmware/README.md`](firmware/README.md): firmware-side notes for MCU transport/UI integration
--- a/build_static.sh
+++ b/build_static.sh
@@ -105,12 +105,29 @@ echo "Platform:     $PLATFORM"
 echo "Output:       $BUILD_DIR/$OUTPUT_NAME"
 echo ""

+if [ "$ARCH" != "$HOST_ARCH" ]; then
+    echo "[0/3] Preparing buildx + QEMU for cross-architecture build"
+    if ! docker buildx inspect >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        echo "ERROR: docker buildx is not available"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+    docker run --privileged --rm tonistiigi/binfmt --install all >/dev/null
+
+    if ! docker buildx inspect nsigner-builder >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+        docker buildx create --name nsigner-builder --driver docker-container --use >/dev/null
+    else
+        docker buildx use nsigner-builder >/dev/null
+    fi
+    docker buildx inspect --bootstrap >/dev/null
+fi
+
 echo "[1/3] Building builder stage from project root context"
-docker build \
+docker buildx build \
    --platform "$PLATFORM" \
    --target builder \
    -f "$DOCKERFILE" \
    -t "$IMAGE_TAG" \
+    --load \
    "$SCRIPT_DIR"

 echo "[2/3] Extracting static binary"
--- a/documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md
+++ b/documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md
@@ -10,7 +10,12 @@ It is written for agent/tool authors implementing robust request flows against t

 ## 2. Discovery and socket targeting

-`nsigner` listens on Linux AF_UNIX **abstract namespace** sockets.
+`nsigner` currently supports two transport families:
+
+- Linux AF_UNIX **abstract namespace** sockets.
+- Stdio framed mode (`--listen stdio` and `--listen qrexec`) for one request/response exchange.
+
+For AF_UNIX:

 - Socket names are exposed in `/proc/net/unix` with a leading `@`.
 - Typical runtime names: `@nsigner_hairy_dog`, `@nsigner_brave_canyon`.
@@ -40,6 +45,15 @@ Expected output format (one per line):

 Clients should accept both `@nsigner` and `@nsigner_*` names.

+### 2.3 Stdio / qrexec mode
+
+In server mode:
+
+- `nsigner --listen stdio`: reads exactly one framed request from stdin and writes one framed response to stdout.
+- `nsigner --listen qrexec`: same behavior, but caller identity may be tagged from `QREXEC_REMOTE_DOMAIN` as `qubes:<vm-name>`.
+
+This mode is server-side only in the current CLI (the `client` subcommand still targets AF_UNIX).
+
 ---

 ## 3. Transport framing
--- a/documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md
+++ b/documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+# FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md
+
+## 1. Scope
+
+This runbook covers a practical Tier-1 deployment of `nsigner` over a TCP listener, with connectivity provided by FIPS as the network substrate.
+
+Tier-1 objective:
+
+- Keep `nsigner` transport simple (`--listen tcp:IPv4:PORT` or `--listen tcp:[IPv6]:PORT`).
+- Use FIPS to carry traffic between peers.
+- Do not add FIPS runtime dependencies into `nsigner`.
+
+Out of scope in this document:
+
+- Mandatory transport-level TLS/authentication hardening (still planned for a later phase).
+- Automatic caller->npub enrichment from FIPS session metadata.
+
+---
+
+## 2. Architecture
+
+Two cooperating layers:
+
+1. **Signer process layer** (`nsigner`)
+   - Listens on operator-selected TCP endpoint (IPv4 or IPv6).
+   - Uses existing 4-byte big-endian framed JSON-RPC protocol.
+   - Keeps existing policy/prompt behavior.
+
+2. **Network substrate layer** (FIPS)
+   - Establishes peer connectivity between nodes/qubes.
+   - Carries application traffic to the configured signer TCP endpoint.
+
+Conceptually:
+
+`client app -> local FIPS endpoint -> FIPS mesh -> remote FIPS endpoint -> signer TCP endpoint -> nsigner`
+
+---
+
+## 3. Prerequisites
+
+On signer host/qube:
+
+- Built `nsigner` binary.
+- FIPS installed and running.
+- Local firewall policy that keeps signer listener local-only.
+
+On caller host/qube:
+
+- FIPS installed and peered with signer host/qube.
+- A client implementation that speaks `nsigner` framed JSON-RPC (see `documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`).
+
+Operational assumptions:
+
+- Operator controls both endpoints.
+- Manual verification of peer identity is performed in FIPS tooling before enabling signer traffic.
+
+---
+
+## 4. Start signer in Tier-1 TCP mode
+
+Run `nsigner` in TCP listen mode:
+
+```bash
+./build/nsigner --listen tcp:[::]:8080
+```
+
+Or bind to a specific FIPS ULA address:
+
+```bash
+./build/nsigner --listen tcp:[fd00::1234]:8080
+```
+
+Behavior notes:
+
+- Bind target is operator-controlled; pick the narrowest reachable address that satisfies your topology.
+- No TUI hotkey loop is required in TCP mode; process serves requests until terminated.
+- Caller identity is shown as a TCP endpoint descriptor in activity/prompt context.
+
+---
+
+## 5. FIPS substrate wiring pattern
+
+Because FIPS deployment topologies vary, use this generic pattern:
+
+1. Bind `nsigner` on a deliberate signer endpoint (`[::]:PORT` for broad reach, or specific `fd..` for tighter scope).
+2. Configure FIPS service/forwarding so remote authenticated peer traffic is delivered to that signer endpoint.
+3. On caller side, direct client traffic to the local FIPS ingress endpoint for that remote service.
+
+Validation checklist:
+
+- FIPS session is established between caller and signer nodes.
+- Transport path from caller -> configured signer endpoint succeeds.
+- `nsigner` receives framed request and returns framed response.
+
+---
+
+## 6. Minimal validation flow
+
+### 6.1 Liveness check
+
+From caller side, send a framed `get_public_key` request through the FIPS-backed endpoint.
+
+Request JSON:
+
+```json
+{"id":"1","method":"get_public_key","params":[]}
+```
+
+Expected response:
+
+```json
+{"id":"1","result":"<hex_pubkey>"}
+```
+
+### 6.2 Signing check
+
+Send `sign_event` with explicit role selector:
+
+```json
+{
+  "id": "2",
+  "method": "sign_event",
+  "params": ["<event_json>", {"role":"main"}]
+}
+```
+
+Expected result: signed event JSON in `result`.
+
+### 6.3 Negative check (policy)
+
+Trigger a request path that requires prompt/denial and confirm client handles policy denial as a normal result path.
+
+---
+
+## 7. Security guardrails
+
+- Prefer binding to a specific FIPS IPv6 ULA (`fd..`) rather than wildcard (`[::]`) when possible.
+- Do not expose signer port directly on LAN/WAN.
+- Keep FIPS peer allowlist tight; avoid broad trust domains.
+- Treat FIPS connectivity as transport, not authorization bypass.
+- Preserve interactive approval where required by policy.
+
+---
+
+## 8. Troubleshooting
+
+### 8.1 `invalid tcp listen target`
+
+Cause:
+- `--listen` argument does not match `tcp:HOST:PORT` or `tcp:[IPv6]:PORT`.
+
+Fix:
+- Use valid numeric port and valid IPv4/IPv6 literal host.
+
+### 8.2 Framing parse failures (`parse_error`)
+
+Cause:
+- Client sent line-delimited/raw JSON instead of framed JSON.
+
+Fix:
+- Send 4-byte big-endian length prefix followed by exact UTF-8 JSON payload bytes.
+
+### 8.3 FIPS path up, signer path down
+
+Cause:
+- FIPS session exists but forwarding/service mapping to signer loopback endpoint is missing.
+
+Fix:
+- Verify substrate service routing config and local endpoint mapping.
+
+---
+
+## 9. Next hardening steps (post Tier-1)
+
+- Add automated two-node validation script for operator smoke checks.
+- Add optional identity enrichment from FIPS session metadata (`peer_npub`).
+- Introduce remote TCP mode only with mandatory TLS + authenticated caller key flow.
--- a/documents/QUBES_OS.md
+++ b/documents/QUBES_OS.md
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+# QUBES_OS.md
+
+## 1. Goal
+
+Run `n_signer` inside a dedicated Qubes OS qube (for example `vault`-like behavior), and let caller qubes access signing via qrexec with explicit policy control.
+
+This doc outlines what must be implemented/packaged for a reliable Qubes deployment path.
+
+---
+
+## 2. Current status (where we are now)
+
+Implemented in current codebase:
+
+- `nsigner` supports `--listen qrexec` and `--listen stdio`.
+- Framing is transport-agnostic and shared via length-prefixed JSON (`4-byte big-endian length + payload`).
+- In qrexec/stdio mode, server handles one framed request-response exchange.
+- Caller identity extraction supports `QREXEC_REMOTE_DOMAIN`, surfaced as `qubes:<source-vm>` when available.
+
+Still missing for complete Qubes integration:
+
+- qrexec service file + wrapper script artifacts.
+- dom0 qrexec policy artifacts with sane defaults.
+- install/uninstall guidance and verification flow for real Qubes deployment.
+- packaging path (`packaging/qubes/`) and docs wired into README map.
+
+---
+
+## 3. Architecture in Qubes
+
+### 3.1 Components
+
+- **Signer qube** (target): runs `nsigner` service entrypoint.
+- **Caller qube(s)**: apps/tools invoking qrexec service.
+- **dom0 policy**: controls which caller qubes may invoke signer service.
+
+### 3.2 Request path
+
+1. Caller qube invokes qrexec service (e.g. `qubes.NsignerRpc`).
+2. qrexec starts service command inside signer qube.
+3. Service command runs `nsigner --listen qrexec`.
+4. Caller sends framed JSON-RPC request over qrexec stdio channel.
+5. `nsigner` returns framed JSON-RPC response.
+
+### 3.3 Trust and identity
+
+- Source qube identity comes from `QREXEC_REMOTE_DOMAIN`.
+- `n_signer` maps caller as `qubes:<source-vm>` where available.
+- qrexec policy in dom0 remains first enforcement boundary.
+- `n_signer` policy/approval remains second boundary.
+
+---
+
+## 4. Required implementation tasks
+
+## 4.1 Service entrypoint artifacts ✅ Implemented
+
+Implemented repo artifacts:
+
+- `packaging/qubes/rpc/qubes.NsignerRpc`
+- `packaging/qubes/install-service.sh`
+
+`qubes.NsignerRpc` runs:
+
+- `exec /usr/local/bin/nsigner --listen qrexec`
+
+Install inside the signer qube:
+
+```bash
+sudo sh packaging/qubes/install-service.sh
+```
+
+This installs the qrexec service to `/etc/qubes-rpc/qubes.NsignerRpc` with executable permissions.
+
+## 4.2 dom0 policy artifacts ✅ Implemented
+
+Implemented repo artifacts:
+
+- `packaging/qubes/policy.d/40-nsigner.policy`
+- `packaging/qubes/install-policy.sh`
+
+Policy defaults now use explicit `ask` plus deny catch-all:
+
+- `qubes.NsignerRpc * @anyvm @tag:nsigner-signer ask default_target=nsigner-vault`
+- `qubes.NsignerRpc * @anyvm @anyvm deny`
+
+Install in dom0:
+
+```bash
+sudo sh packaging/qubes/install-policy.sh
+```
+
+This installs `/etc/qubes/policy.d/40-nsigner.policy` and prints signer-tag guidance.
+
+## 4.3 Policy model inside n_signer for qubes callers ✅ Implemented
+
+Current code reads caller as `qubes:<vm>` and qrexec default behavior is hardened.
+
+In qrexec mode, default prompt behavior is now:
+
+- `PROMPT_EVERY_REQUEST`
+
+This replaces the previous permissive `PROMPT_NEVER` temporary setting.
+
+## 4.4 Client helper examples ✅ Implemented
+
+Added:
+
+- `documents/qubes_client_examples.md`
+
+Includes:
+
+- shell helper example invoking `qrexec-client-vm` with framed request/response handling
+- Python helper example implementing frame encode/decode over qrexec stdio channel
+- reference to `documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md` for full protocol details
+
+---
+
+## 5. Operational runbook
+
+## 5.1 Setup signer qube
+
+- install `nsigner` binary at `/usr/local/bin/nsigner`
+- run `sudo sh packaging/qubes/install-service.sh`
+- verify `/etc/qubes-rpc/qubes.NsignerRpc` exists and is executable
+
+## 5.2 Setup dom0 policy
+
+- run `sudo sh packaging/qubes/install-policy.sh`
+- tag signer qube (example): `qvm-tags nsigner-vault add nsigner-signer`
+- reload qrexec policy per Qubes procedure/version
+
+## 5.3 Verification
+
+- from caller qube, invoke test request (`get_public_key`)
+- confirm signer qube receives request
+- confirm activity log displays `qubes:<source-vm>` caller prefix
+- validate deny behavior from unauthorized qube
+
+## 5.4 Failure checks
+
+- malformed frame -> parse error response
+- missing policy -> deny path
+- missing `QREXEC_REMOTE_DOMAIN` -> fallback identity path
+
+---
+
+## 6. Security requirements
+
+- Never run signer service in disposable qube if mnemonic persistence is expected.
+- Prefer dedicated minimal template for signer qube.
+- Keep qrexec policy narrowly scoped (explicit source + target).
+- Require user approval for sensitive methods unless explicitly intended otherwise.
+- Log caller identity and method (without secret payload logging).
+
+---
+
+## 7. Documentation tasks
+
+Update these after packaging lands:
+
+- `README.md`
+  - add Qubes deployment subsection under transport/usage
+  - add `documents/QUBES_OS.md` and moved `documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md` in document map
+- `plans/nsigner.md`
+  - mark T1 done with packaging status clearly separated
+
+---
+
+## 8. Definition of done (Qubes)
+
+Qubes integration is considered complete when:
+
+1. qrexec service artifact exists and is installable.
+2. dom0 policy artifact exists with secure default pattern.
+3. End-to-end call from allowed caller qube succeeds.
+4. Call from unauthorized qube is denied.
+5. Caller displayed as `qubes:<vm>` in activity.
+6. README + docs include full setup and troubleshooting.
--- a/documents/qubes_client_examples.md
+++ b/documents/qubes_client_examples.md
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# qubes_client_examples.md
+
+This document shows minimal caller-qube examples for invoking `nsigner --listen qrexec` through Qubes qrexec.
+
+For complete protocol details (framing, JSON-RPC, error handling), see `documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`.
+
+---
+
+## 1) Shell example (`qrexec-client-vm` + framed JSON)
+
+This sends one `get_public_key` request and decodes one framed response.
+
+```bash
+#!/bin/sh
+set -eu
+
+TARGET_QUBE="nsigner-vault"
+SERVICE="qubes.NsignerRpc"
+REQ='{"id":"1","method":"get_public_key","params":[]}'
+
+python3 - "$TARGET_QUBE" "$SERVICE" "$REQ" <<'PY'
+import json
+import struct
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+target, service, req_json = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3]
+frame = struct.pack(">I", len(req_json.encode("utf-8"))) + req_json.encode("utf-8")
+
+p = subprocess.Popen(
+    ["qrexec-client-vm", target, service],
+    stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+    stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+)
+out, _ = p.communicate(frame)
+if p.returncode != 0:
+    raise SystemExit(f"qrexec-client-vm failed: {p.returncode}")
+if len(out) < 4:
+    raise SystemExit("short response (missing frame header)")
+
+n = struct.unpack(">I", out[:4])[0]
+payload = out[4:4+n]
+if len(payload) != n:
+    raise SystemExit("short response payload")
+
+print(json.dumps(json.loads(payload.decode("utf-8")), indent=2))
+PY
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2) Python example (explicit frame helpers over qrexec stdio)
+
+```python
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+import json
+import struct
+import subprocess
+
+
+def frame_encode(obj: dict) -> bytes:
+    payload = json.dumps(obj, separators=(",", ":")).encode("utf-8")
+    return struct.pack(">I", len(payload)) + payload
+
+
+def frame_decode(buf: bytes) -> dict:
+    if len(buf) < 4:
+        raise ValueError("missing frame header")
+    n = struct.unpack(">I", buf[:4])[0]
+    payload = buf[4:4 + n]
+    if len(payload) != n:
+        raise ValueError("short frame payload")
+    return json.loads(payload.decode("utf-8"))
+
+
+def call_nsigner_qrexec(target_qube: str, request: dict) -> dict:
+    proc = subprocess.Popen(
+        ["qrexec-client-vm", target_qube, "qubes.NsignerRpc"],
+        stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+    )
+    out, err = proc.communicate(frame_encode(request))
+    if proc.returncode != 0:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"qrexec failed ({proc.returncode}): {err.decode('utf-8', 'replace')}")
+    return frame_decode(out)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    req = {"id": "1", "method": "get_public_key", "params": []}
+    resp = call_nsigner_qrexec("nsigner-vault", req)
+    print(json.dumps(resp, indent=2))
+```
--- a/increment_and_push.sh
+++ b/increment_and_push.sh
@@ -244,13 +244,7 @@ main() {
    check_git_repo

    if [[ "$RELEASE_MODE" == true ]]; then
-        if [[ "$VERSION_INCREMENT_EXPLICIT" == true ]]; then
        increment_version "$VERSION_INCREMENT_TYPE"
-        else
-            LATEST_TAG=$(git tag -l 'v*.*.*' | sort -V | tail -n 1 || echo "v0.0.1")
-            NEW_VERSION="$LATEST_TAG"
-            export NEW_VERSION
-        fi

        if git tag "$NEW_VERSION" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
            print_success "Created tag: $NEW_VERSION"
--- a/install_qube_fips_nsigner.sh
+++ b/install_qube_fips_nsigner.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+# User-only installer for Qubes AppVM persistence model.
+# Nothing is written to /usr, /etc, or other root-owned paths.
+#
+# Installs into $HOME:
+#   - nsigner -> ~/.local/bin/nsigner
+#   - startup helper -> ~/start_nsigner.sh
+#
+# Usage:
+#   bash install_qube_fips_nsigner.sh
+#   bash install_qube_fips_nsigner.sh --help
+#
+# Optional env vars:
+#   NSIGNER_VERSION=vX.Y.Z         # optional override; default is latest release tag
+#   NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN=<token>    # if n_signer release assets are private
+#   NSIGNER_BINARY_URL=<direct url to nsigner_static_x86_64>
+
+NSIGNER_VERSION="${NSIGNER_VERSION:-}"
+
+PREFIX_BIN="${HOME}/.local/bin"
+
+log() { printf "\033[1;34m[INFO]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+warn() { printf "\033[1;33m[WARN]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+err() { printf "\033[1;31m[ERR ]\033[0m %s\n" "$*"; }
+
+show_help() {
+  cat <<EOF
+Usage: bash install_qube_fips_nsigner.sh [options]
+
+User-only install (Qubes AppVM friendly):
+  - n_signer ${NSIGNER_VERSION}
+  - signer startup helper script
+
+Options:
+  -h, --help      Show this help and exit
+
+Optional env vars:
+  NSIGNER_VERSION=vX.Y.Z         # optional override; default is latest release tag
+  NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN=<token>    # required if n_signer release assets are private
+  NSIGNER_BINARY_URL=<direct url to nsigner_static_x86_64>
+
+Install paths:
+  ~/.local/bin/nsigner
+  ~/start_nsigner.sh
+EOF
+}
+
+require_cmd() {
+  command -v "$1" >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+    err "Missing command: $1"
+    exit 1
+  }
+}
+
+install_runtime_deps() {
+  if command -v apt-get >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    log "Installing runtime dependencies via apt"
+    sudo apt-get update
+    sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl jq
+  elif command -v dnf >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    log "Installing runtime dependencies via dnf"
+    sudo dnf install -y ca-certificates curl jq
+  else
+    err "Unsupported distro: need apt-get or dnf to install runtime dependencies"
+    exit 1
+  fi
+}
+
+prepare_dirs() {
+  mkdir -p "${PREFIX_BIN}"
+}
+
+resolve_nsigner_version() {
+  local headers=()
+  local latest_tag=""
+
+  if [[ -n "${NSIGNER_VERSION}" ]]; then
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -n "${NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN:-}" ]]; then
+    headers=(-H "Authorization: token ${NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN}")
+  fi
+
+  latest_tag="$(curl -fsSL "${headers[@]}" "https://git.laantungir.net/api/v1/repos/laantungir/n_signer/releases" \
+    | jq -r '.[0].tag_name // empty' || true)"
+
+  if [[ -z "${latest_tag}" ]]; then
+    err "Could not resolve latest n_signer release tag from API."
+    err "Set NSIGNER_VERSION explicitly (e.g. NSIGNER_VERSION=v0.0.11)."
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  NSIGNER_VERSION="${latest_tag}"
+}
+
+download_nsigner_asset_url() {
+  local headers=()
+  local api_tag_url="https://git.laantungir.net/api/v1/repos/laantungir/n_signer/releases/tags/${NSIGNER_VERSION}"
+
+  if [[ -n "${NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN:-}" ]]; then
+    headers=(-H "Authorization: token ${NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN}")
+  fi
+
+  curl -fsSL "${headers[@]}" "${api_tag_url}" \
+    | jq -r '.assets[]?.browser_download_url // empty' \
+    | grep -E 'nsigner_static_x86_64$' \
+    | head -n1 || true
+}
+
+install_nsigner() {
+  local release_page=""
+
+  resolve_nsigner_version
+  release_page="https://git.laantungir.net/laantungir/n_signer/releases/tag/${NSIGNER_VERSION}"
+
+  log "Installing n_signer ${NSIGNER_VERSION}"
+  log "Release page: ${release_page}"
+
+  local asset_url="${NSIGNER_BINARY_URL:-}"
+  if [[ -z "${asset_url}" ]]; then
+    asset_url="$(download_nsigner_asset_url)"
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -z "${asset_url}" ]]; then
+    err "Could not find downloadable n_signer x86_64 release binary for ${NSIGNER_VERSION}."
+    err "Provide NSIGNER_BINARY_URL or NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN so the release asset can be resolved."
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  log "Using n_signer binary URL: ${asset_url}"
+  if [[ -n "${NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN:-}" ]]; then
+    curl -fL -H "Authorization: token ${NSIGNER_GITEA_TOKEN}" -o "${PREFIX_BIN}/nsigner" "${asset_url}"
+  else
+    curl -fL -o "${PREFIX_BIN}/nsigner" "${asset_url}"
+  fi
+  chmod 0755 "${PREFIX_BIN}/nsigner"
+  log "Installed ${PREFIX_BIN}/nsigner from release binary"
+}
+
+write_signer_start_script() {
+  local script_path="${HOME}/start_nsigner.sh"
+
+  cat >"${script_path}" <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -euo pipefail
+
+export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
+LISTEN_TARGET="${NSIGNER_LISTEN_TARGET:-tcp:[::]:8080}"
+
+echo "=== n_signer startup ==="
+echo "listen target: ${LISTEN_TARGET}"
+
+# Optional: print current FIPS identity info if fipsctl is available.
+if command -v fipsctl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  if fipsctl show status >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    STATUS_JSON="$(fipsctl show status)"
+  elif sudo -n fipsctl show status >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    STATUS_JSON="$(sudo -n fipsctl show status)"
+  else
+    STATUS_JSON=""
+  fi
+
+  if [[ -n "${STATUS_JSON}" ]]; then
+    FIPS_IPV6="$(printf '%s\n' "${STATUS_JSON}" | sed -n 's/.*"ipv6_addr": "\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p')"
+    FIPS_NPUB="$(printf '%s\n' "${STATUS_JSON}" | sed -n 's/.*"npub": "\([^"]*\)".*/\1/p')"
+    LISTEN_PORT="$(printf '%s\n' "${LISTEN_TARGET}" | sed -n 's/.*:\([0-9][0-9]*\)$/\1/p')"
+    [[ -n "${FIPS_IPV6}" ]] && echo "fips ipv6: ${FIPS_IPV6}"
+    [[ -n "${FIPS_NPUB}" ]] && echo "fips npub: ${FIPS_NPUB}"
+    if [[ -n "${FIPS_NPUB}" && -n "${LISTEN_PORT}" ]]; then
+      echo "fips address: http://${FIPS_NPUB}.fips:${LISTEN_PORT}"
+    fi
+  else
+    echo "fips status: unavailable (run as user in fips group or with sudo)"
+  fi
+fi
+
+echo
+echo "Starting signer..."
+echo "On first remote request, approve in prompt with [y] or [a]."
+exec "$HOME/.local/bin/nsigner" --listen "${LISTEN_TARGET}"
+EOF
+
+  chmod 0755 "${script_path}"
+  log "Wrote ${script_path}"
+}
+
+post_checks() {
+  export PATH="${PREFIX_BIN}:${PATH}"
+
+  log "Running post-install checks"
+  require_cmd nsigner
+  nsigner --version || true
+
+  log "User binaries installed in: ${PREFIX_BIN}"
+  log "If needed, add to shell PATH: export PATH=\"${PREFIX_BIN}:\$PATH\""
+}
+
+main() {
+  if [[ "${1:-}" == "-h" || "${1:-}" == "--help" ]]; then
+    show_help
+    exit 0
+  fi
+
+  if [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; then
+    err "Unknown option: $1"
+    show_help
+    exit 1
+  fi
+
+  install_runtime_deps
+  prepare_dirs
+  install_nsigner
+  write_signer_start_script
+  post_checks
+
+  log "Completed user-only install of n_signer"
+  log "Start signer with: ~/start_nsigner.sh"
+}
+
+main "$@"
--- a/packaging/qubes/install-policy.sh
+++ b/packaging/qubes/install-policy.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+set -eu
+
+POLICY_SRC="packaging/qubes/policy.d/40-nsigner.policy"
+POLICY_DST="/etc/qubes/policy.d/40-nsigner.policy"
+
+if [ ! -f "$POLICY_SRC" ]; then
+    echo "Missing policy source: $POLICY_SRC" >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+install -m 0644 "$POLICY_SRC" "$POLICY_DST"
+
+echo "Installed qrexec policy to $POLICY_DST"
+echo "Tag your signer qube in dom0, for example:"
+echo "  qvm-tags nsigner-vault add nsigner-signer"
+echo "Then reload policy per your Qubes OS version procedures."
--- a/packaging/qubes/install-service.sh
+++ b/packaging/qubes/install-service.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+set -eu
+
+SERVICE_SRC="packaging/qubes/rpc/qubes.NsignerRpc"
+SERVICE_DST="/etc/qubes-rpc/qubes.NsignerRpc"
+
+if [ ! -f "$SERVICE_SRC" ]; then
+    echo "Missing service source: $SERVICE_SRC" >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+install -m 0755 "$SERVICE_SRC" "$SERVICE_DST"
+
+echo "Installed qrexec service to $SERVICE_DST"
+echo "Executable bit set via install -m 0755."
--- a/packaging/qubes/policy.d/40-nsigner.policy
+++ b/packaging/qubes/policy.d/40-nsigner.policy
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Qubes OS qrexec policy for nsigner
+# Syntax: service +argument source target action
+# Allow specific qubes to reach the signer qube with user confirmation
+qubes.NsignerRpc * @anyvm @tag:nsigner-signer ask default_target=nsigner-vault
+qubes.NsignerRpc * @anyvm @anyvm deny
--- a/packaging/qubes/rpc/qubes.NsignerRpc
+++ b/packaging/qubes/rpc/qubes.NsignerRpc
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+exec /usr/local/bin/nsigner --listen qrexec
--- a/plans/nsigner.md
+++ b/plans/nsigner.md
@@ -174,3 +174,119 @@ Privacy/UX notes:
 - Expand integration coverage for NIP-04/NIP-44 edge cases and negative-path errors.
 - Document and test static artifact size budgets across targets.
 - Define MCU transport adapter contract to prepare desktop/firmware parity.
+
+## 7. Transport expansion roadmap
+
+Goal: keep one signer core, swap transports underneath without touching dispatcher, policy, or role layers. The wire contract in [`CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`](../CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md) (4-byte length-prefixed JSON-RPC) stays identical across every transport; only listener and `caller_identity_t` change.
+
+### 7.0 Prerequisite — transport abstraction (Phase T0)
+
+Before adding any new transport, factor a small adapter contract out of [`src/server.c`](../src/server.c) and [`src/main.c`](../src/main.c).
+
+- New header `src/transport.h` declaring an opaque `nsigner_transport_t` with:
+  - `accept(listener) -> connection`
+  - `recv_frame(connection) -> bytes`
+  - `send_frame(connection, bytes)`
+  - `peer_identity(connection) -> caller_identity_t`
+  - `close(connection)` / `shutdown(listener)`
+- Generalize `caller_identity_t` to a tagged union of:
+  - `unix_peer { uid, pid, comm }` (current behavior)
+  - `qubes { source_qube_name }`
+  - `tcp_local { addr }`
+  - `tcp_remote { addr, authenticated_pubkey }`
+  - `fips { peer_npub }`
+  - `usb_serial { device_path, asserted_caller }`
+- Move `recv_framed` / `send_framed` from `server.c` and `main.c` into a single shared `transport_frame.c` so client and server share one framing implementation.
+- Server main loop becomes transport-agnostic (`while accept; recv; dispatch; send`).
+- Tests: extend [`tests/test_integration.c`](../tests/test_integration.c) with a transport-loopback fake to validate the abstraction without binding any real socket.
+
+This refactor is purely internal — no observable change.
+
+### 7.1 Phase T1 — Qubes OS qrexec transport
+
+Use Qubes' native inter-qube primitive instead of inventing one.
+
+- Add a qrexec service script (e.g. `qubes.NsignerRpc`) that execs `nsigner` in a "stdio transport" mode where stdin/stdout carry the existing length-prefixed frame protocol.
+- New CLI: `nsigner --listen stdio` (and `nsigner --listen qrexec`, behaving identically; `qrexec` value is for documentation/intent).
+- Caller identity comes from qrexec environment (`QREXEC_REMOTE_DOMAIN`) and is mapped to `caller_identity_t.kind=qubes`.
+- Reference policy file under `packaging/qubes/policy.d/40-nsigner.policy` showing `ask` / `allow` per source qube.
+- No new attack surface inside nsigner: dom0 enforces who can even invoke the service.
+- Tests: a unit test that injects fake qrexec env vars and a stdio framing harness; an integration script that documents end-to-end install in a Qubes VM (manual, not in CI).
+- Docs: add a "Qubes deployment" section to [`README.md`](../README.md) and to [`CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`](../CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md).
+
+### 7.2 Phase T2 — TCP transport
+
+Smallest IP-based step; on-ramp for non-Linux clients and for FIPS later.
+
+- New CLI: `nsigner --listen tcp:HOST:PORT` (IPv4 literal) or `nsigner --listen tcp:[IPv6]:PORT`.
+- Current behavior: accepts operator-selected local/remote bind addresses (including `[::]` and `fd..`), pending later transport hardening.
+- Caller identity for TCP: endpoint address/port in caller descriptor. Approval prompt still mandatory.
+- `nsigner list` extended to enumerate active TCP listeners (from internal registry; not from `/proc/net/tcp`).
+- Same framing as AF_UNIX path; no protocol changes.
+- Tests: integration coverage that spawns a child signer with `--listen tcp:127.0.0.1:0` (and one IPv6 case), captures the bound port, runs the same NIP-04/NIP-44/sign_event matrix as AF_UNIX.
+- Docs: extend [`documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`](../documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md) section 2 with `tcp:` discovery rules and section 3 confirming framing parity.
+
+Implementation checklist (Tier-1 delivery):
+
+- [x] Parse `--listen tcp:HOST:PORT` in [`src/main.c`](../src/main.c).
+- [x] Parse and validate literal IPv4/IPv6 listen targets in [`src/server.c`](../src/server.c).
+- [x] Bind/listen non-blocking TCP sockets and run server loop without TUI dependence.
+- [x] Keep existing framed JSON-RPC protocol unchanged via shared [`src/transport_frame.c`](../src/transport_frame.c).
+- [ ] Add integration test coverage for `tcp:127.0.0.1:PORT` request flow.
+
+### 7.3 Phase T3 — TCP remote with TLS + caller-pubkey auth
+
+Only after T2 is solid.
+
+- New CLI: `nsigner --listen tcp:0.0.0.0:PORT --allow-remote --tls-cert <pem> --tls-key <pem>`.
+- Mandatory: TLS for any non-loopback bind. Refuse to start otherwise.
+- Caller authentication: client must sign a per-connection challenge with its declared npub (Schnorr/secp256k1) before any signer verb is dispatched. Identity becomes `tcp_remote { addr, authenticated_pubkey }`.
+- Failure modes: `transport_tls_required`, `caller_auth_failed`, `caller_auth_timeout` — all surfaced with new error names in dispatcher and documented in [`CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`](../CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md).
+- Approval prompt now displays `caller=npub:abcd…wxyz` instead of `uid:1000`.
+- Tests: integration test that exercises happy path, wrong-pubkey, replayed-challenge, expired-challenge.
+- Docs: dedicated "Remote TCP deployment" section in `README.md` with strong "do not expose to the public internet without firewalling" warning.
+
+### 7.4 Phase T4 — FIPS substrate integration
+
+FIPS is a *substrate* for an existing TCP listener, not a new transport in nsigner code.
+
+- Deployment topology: nsigner binds a chosen TCP endpoint inside the FIPS network namespace (or on a host where `fips0` is up); peers reach it via `fd00::/8` IPv6 derived from the signer's npub.
+- Optional `caller_kind=fips` enrichment: a small sidecar query (`fipsctl show sessions` style) maps the connecting IPv6 address to a peer npub and feeds it into `caller_identity_t.fips { peer_npub }`. If unavailable, fall back to `tcp_remote` identity.
+- nsigner does not embed FIPS, does not depend on libfips, and does not require Rust.
+- New optional flag: `--peer-id-source fips:/var/run/fips/fips.sock` (path/method TBD per FIPS API).
+- Tests: a Docker-compose fixture borrowed from `resources/fips/testing/` that boots two FIPS nodes, runs nsigner on one, runs a Python client (per snippet in [`documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`](../documents/CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md)) on the other, and exercises the same verb matrix.
+- Docs: new [`documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md`](../documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md) deep-dive describing identity mapping, npub-as-caller, and operator setup. Cross-link from [`README.md`](../README.md) section 7 (Transport).
+
+Execution tasks for initial FIPS trial:
+
+- [x] Deliver T2 TCP listener as FIPS substrate prerequisite.
+- [x] Document signer/caller qube deployment flow in [`documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md`](../documents/FIPS_DEPLOYMENT.md).
+- [ ] Add two-node operator validation script (manual) using `fipsctl` + framed JSON-RPC client.
+- [ ] Evaluate optional caller identity enrichment from FIPS session metadata.
+
+### 7.5 Phase T5 — USB / serial transport
+
+Two distinct sub-tracks; do not conflate.
+
+- T5a (firmware-side, MCU): ESP32/USB-CDC. Already in the [`firmware/`](../firmware/) track. Same dispatcher; transport adapter is UART read/write loop. `caller_identity_t.kind=usb_serial` with `asserted_caller` because the host claims the identity.
+- T5b (host-side optional): `nsigner --listen serial:/dev/ttyACM0,baud=115200`. Useful for desktop signer reachable by a USB-tethered client. Same frame protocol over the serial line. Marks identity as asserted (low trust) and forces approval prompt.
+- USB-as-Ethernet (gadget mode, RNDIS/ECM) is **not** a separate transport — it reduces to T2/T3.
+- Tests: loopback pty pair (`openpty`) for T5b unit/integration coverage; firmware-side covered in firmware track.
+
+### 7.6 Cross-cutting concerns
+
+Apply once per phase as needed:
+
+- Transport-aware approval prompt: clear visual indication of transport kind and identity (uid vs qube vs npub vs serial-asserted). No silent identity-source confusion.
+- Per-transport policy gates: deny-by-default for new identity kinds until operator explicitly enables them in policy.
+- Discovery (`nsigner list`) becomes per-transport pluggable (proc/net/unix today, internal registry for tcp, qrexec service announce for qubes, fips peer table for fips).
+- Audit logging: include transport kind and identity descriptor in every approval/decision record.
+- Error name parity: every new transport introduces only well-named errors (extend the table in [`CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md`](../CLIENT_IMPLEMENTATION.md) section 5).
+
+### 7.7 Decision points (open)
+
+- D1: Land T0 (refactor) before any transport, or in parallel with T1?
+- D2: Bundle T2 and T3 as one phase, or hard split (loopback-only first, then remote-with-TLS later)?
+- D3: T4 FIPS — embed an explicit `caller_kind=fips` path in nsigner now, or treat FIPS as plain TCP and revisit identity enrichment after a working deployment?
+- D4: T5b host-side serial — in scope for desktop nsigner, or strictly firmware track?
+- D5: Qubes packaging — ship `packaging/qubes/` artifacts in this repo, or document only and let operators wire it up?
--- a/src/main.c
+++ b/src/main.c
@@ -373,12 +373,19 @@ char *dispatcher_handle_request(dispatcher_ctx_t *ctx, const char *json_request)
 #define SERVER_SOCKET_NAME_MAX 108
 #define SERVER_MAX_MSG_SIZE    65536

+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX   0
+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_STDIO  1
+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC 2
+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP    3
+
 /* Caller identity */
 typedef struct {
    uid_t uid;
    gid_t gid;
    pid_t pid;
-    char caller_id[64];  /* "uid:<n>" */
+    int kind;
+    char caller_id[64];     /* "uid:<n>" or "qubes:<vm>" */
+    char source_qube[64];
 } caller_identity_t;

 /* Server context */
@@ -387,6 +394,8 @@ typedef struct {
    char last_error[256];
    int listen_fd;
    int running;
+    int listen_mode;
+    int stdio_handled;
    dispatcher_ctx_t *dispatcher;
    policy_table_t *policy;
    int socket_name_explicit;
@@ -395,6 +404,7 @@ typedef struct {
 /* Initialize server context. socket_name is the abstract namespace name (e.g. "nsigner").
 * socket_name_explicit should be non-zero when provided via --socket-name override. */
 void server_init(server_ctx_t *ctx, const char *socket_name, int socket_name_explicit,
+                 int listen_mode,
                 dispatcher_ctx_t *dispatcher, policy_table_t *policy);

 /* Start listening. Returns 0 on success, -1 on error. */
@@ -441,12 +451,15 @@ int socket_name_random(char *out, size_t out_len);
 /* Version information (auto-updated by build/version tooling) */
 #define NSIGNER_VERSION_MAJOR 0
 #define NSIGNER_VERSION_MINOR 0
-#define NSIGNER_VERSION_PATCH 5
-#define NSIGNER_VERSION "v0.0.5"
+#define NSIGNER_VERSION_PATCH 12
+#define NSIGNER_VERSION "v0.0.12"


 /* NSIGNER_HEADERLESS_DECLS_END */

+int transport_send_framed(int fd, const char *payload);
+int transport_recv_framed(int fd, char **out_payload, size_t max_size);
+
 #include <nostr_core/nostr_common.h>

 #include <arpa/inet.h>
@@ -462,6 +475,7 @@ int socket_name_random(char *out, size_t out_len);
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/un.h>
 #include <termios.h>
+#include <time.h>
 #include <unistd.h>

 #define NSIGNER_DEFAULT_SOCKET_NAME "nsigner"
@@ -501,100 +515,6 @@ static int read_line_stdin(char *buf, size_t buf_sz) {
    return 0;
 }

-static int read_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t len) {
-    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *)buf;
-    size_t off = 0;
-
-    while (off < len) {
-        ssize_t n = read(fd, p + off, len - off);
-        if (n == 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        if (n < 0) {
-            if (errno == EINTR) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            return -1;
-        }
-        off += (size_t)n;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int write_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len) {
-    const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)buf;
-    size_t off = 0;
-
-    while (off < len) {
-        ssize_t n = write(fd, p + off, len - off);
-        if (n < 0) {
-            if (errno == EINTR) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            return -1;
-        }
-        off += (size_t)n;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int send_framed(int fd, const char *payload) {
-    uint32_t len;
-    uint32_t be_len;
-
-    if (payload == NULL) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    len = (uint32_t)strlen(payload);
-    be_len = htonl(len);
-
-    if (write_full(fd, &be_len, sizeof(be_len)) != 0) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (write_full(fd, payload, len) != 0) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int recv_framed(int fd, char **out_payload) {
-    uint32_t be_len;
-    uint32_t len;
-    char *payload;
-
-    if (out_payload == NULL) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    *out_payload = NULL;
-
-    if (read_full(fd, &be_len, sizeof(be_len)) != 0) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    len = ntohl(be_len);
-    if (len == 0 || len > SERVER_MAX_MSG_SIZE) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    payload = (char *)malloc((size_t)len + 1U);
-    if (payload == NULL) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if (read_full(fd, payload, len) != 0) {
-        free(payload);
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    payload[len] = '\0';
-    *out_payload = payload;
-    return 0;
-}

 static int connect_abstract_socket(const char *name) {
    int fd;
@@ -628,7 +548,8 @@ static int connect_abstract_socket(const char *name) {
 static void print_usage(const char *program_name) {
    printf("nsigner - single-binary signer program\n");
    printf("Usage:\n");
-    printf("  %s [--socket-name|--name|-n <name>]       Run signer server + built-in TUI\n", program_name);
+    printf("  %s [--socket-name|--name|-n <name>] [--listen <unix|stdio|qrexec|tcp:HOST:PORT>]\n", program_name);
+    printf("                                           Run signer server (unix mode has TUI)\n");
    printf("  %s [--socket-name|--name|-n <name>] client '<json>' Send JSON-RPC request\n", program_name);
    printf("  %s [--socket-name|--name|-n <name>] client -        Read JSON-RPC request from stdin\n", program_name);
    printf("  %s list                                    List running nsigner abstract sockets\n", program_name);
@@ -778,13 +699,13 @@ static int client_main(int argc, char *argv[], const char *socket_name, int sock
        return 1;
    }

-    if (send_framed(fd, request) != 0) {
+    if (transport_send_framed(fd, request) != 0) {
        perror("send");
        close(fd);
        return 1;
    }

-    if (recv_framed(fd, &response) != 0) {
+    if (transport_recv_framed(fd, &response, SERVER_MAX_MSG_SIZE) != 0) {
        perror("recv");
        close(fd);
        return 1;
@@ -799,18 +720,54 @@ static int client_main(int argc, char *argv[], const char *socket_name, int sock

 static void activity_log_cb(const char *message, void *user_data) {
    int idx;
+    time_t now;
+    struct tm tm_now;
+    char ts[16];

    (void)user_data;
    if (message == NULL) {
        return;
    }

+    now = time(NULL);
+    if (localtime_r(&now, &tm_now) != NULL) {
+        (void)strftime(ts, sizeof(ts), "%m%d-%H%M%S", &tm_now);
+    } else {
+        strncpy(ts, "0000-000000", sizeof(ts) - 1);
+        ts[sizeof(ts) - 1] = '\0';
+    }
+
    idx = g_activity_log.count % ACTIVITY_LOG_CAP;
-    strncpy(g_activity_log.lines[idx], message, sizeof(g_activity_log.lines[idx]) - 1);
-    g_activity_log.lines[idx][sizeof(g_activity_log.lines[idx]) - 1] = '\0';
+    (void)snprintf(g_activity_log.lines[idx],
+                   sizeof(g_activity_log.lines[idx]),
+                   "%s %s",
+                   ts,
+                   message);
    g_activity_log.count++;
 }

+static void tcp_activity_stdout_cb(const char *message, void *user_data) {
+    time_t now;
+    struct tm tm_now;
+    char ts[32];
+
+    (void)user_data;
+    if (message == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    now = time(NULL);
+    if (localtime_r(&now, &tm_now) != NULL) {
+        (void)strftime(ts, sizeof(ts), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", &tm_now);
+    } else {
+        strncpy(ts, "0000-00-00 00:00:00", sizeof(ts) - 1);
+        ts[sizeof(ts) - 1] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    printf("[%s] %s\n", ts, message);
+    fflush(stdout);
+}
+
 static void render_status(const role_table_t *role_table,
                          const mnemonic_state_t *mnemonic,
                          int derived_count,
@@ -850,7 +807,7 @@ static void render_status(const role_table_t *role_table,
    }

    printf("\nHotkeys\n-------\n");
-    printf("q quit  l lock/reunlock  r refresh  a toggle auto-approve(prompt): %s\n",
+    printf("q/x quit  l lock/reunlock  r refresh  a toggle auto-approve(prompt): %s\n",
           g_auto_approve ? "ON" : "OFF");
    fflush(stdout);
 }
@@ -878,22 +835,41 @@ static int setup_default_role(role_table_t *role_table) {
 static int prompt_load_mnemonic(mnemonic_state_t *mnemonic) {
    char phrase[MNEMONIC_MAX_LEN];
    char phrase_copy[MNEMONIC_MAX_LEN];
-    char mode[16];
-    struct termios old_term;
-    struct termios new_term;
-    int have_term = 0;
+    char mode[MNEMONIC_MAX_LEN];
+    int invalid_attempts = 0;
+    const int max_invalid_attempts = 10;

    if (mnemonic == NULL) {
        return -1;
    }

-    printf("Mnemonic source: [E]nter existing or [G]enerate new (default E): ");
+    while (invalid_attempts < max_invalid_attempts) {
+        printf("Mnemonic source: [E]nter existing or [G]enerate new (default E; you can also paste mnemonic here): ");
        fflush(stdout);
        if (read_line_stdin(mode, sizeof(mode)) != 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to read mnemonic source choice\n");
            return -1;
        }

+        if ((mode[0] == 'q' || mode[0] == 'Q' || mode[0] == 'x' || mode[0] == 'X') && mode[1] == '\0') {
+            fprintf(stderr, "User requested exit.\n");
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        if (strchr(mode, ' ') != NULL && mode[0] != 'g' && mode[0] != 'G') {
+            if (mnemonic_load(mnemonic, mode) == 0) {
+                printf("Seed phrase is valid and accepted.\n");
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            invalid_attempts++;
+            fprintf(stderr,
+                    "Invalid mnemonic (must be 12/15/18/21/24 words). Attempts: %d/%d\n",
+                    invalid_attempts,
+                    max_invalid_attempts);
+            continue;
+        }
+
        if (mode[0] == 'g' || mode[0] == 'G') {
            int idx = 1;
            char *ctx = NULL;
@@ -922,6 +898,7 @@ static int prompt_load_mnemonic(mnemonic_state_t *mnemonic) {
                return -1;
            }

+            printf("Seed phrase is valid and accepted.\n");
            memset(phrase, 0, sizeof(phrase));
            memset(phrase_copy, 0, sizeof(phrase_copy));
            return 0;
@@ -930,35 +907,33 @@ static int prompt_load_mnemonic(mnemonic_state_t *mnemonic) {
        printf("Enter mnemonic (12/15/18/21/24 words): ");
        fflush(stdout);

-    if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &old_term) == 0) {
-        new_term = old_term;
-        new_term.c_lflag &= (tcflag_t)~ECHO;
-        if (tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &new_term) == 0) {
-            have_term = 1;
-        }
-    }
-
        if (read_line_stdin(phrase, sizeof(phrase)) != 0) {
-        if (have_term) {
-            (void)tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &old_term);
-        }
            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to read mnemonic\n");
            return -1;
        }

-    if (have_term) {
-        (void)tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &old_term);
-        printf("\n");
-    }
-
-    if (mnemonic_load(mnemonic, phrase) != 0) {
+        if ((phrase[0] == 'q' || phrase[0] == 'Q' || phrase[0] == 'x' || phrase[0] == 'X') && phrase[1] == '\0') {
            memset(phrase, 0, sizeof(phrase));
-        fprintf(stderr, "Invalid mnemonic (must be 12/15/18/21/24 words)\n");
+            fprintf(stderr, "User requested exit.\n");
            return -1;
        }

+        if (mnemonic_load(mnemonic, phrase) == 0) {
+            printf("Seed phrase is valid and accepted.\n");
            memset(phrase, 0, sizeof(phrase));
            return 0;
+        }
+
+        memset(phrase, 0, sizeof(phrase));
+        invalid_attempts++;
+        fprintf(stderr,
+                "Invalid mnemonic (must be 12/15/18/21/24 words). Attempts: %d/%d\n",
+                invalid_attempts,
+                max_invalid_attempts);
+    }
+
+    fprintf(stderr, "Too many invalid mnemonic attempts (%d). Exiting.\n", max_invalid_attempts);
+    return -1;
 }

 static void apply_test_overrides(policy_table_t *policy) {
@@ -1017,6 +992,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    const char *socket_name = NSIGNER_DEFAULT_SOCKET_NAME;
    char generated_socket_name[SERVER_SOCKET_NAME_MAX];
    int socket_name_explicit = 0;
+    int listen_mode = NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX;
+    const char *listen_target = NSIGNER_DEFAULT_SOCKET_NAME;
    int argi = 1;

    while (argi < argc) {
@@ -1032,14 +1009,43 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
            argi += 2;
            continue;
        }
+        if (strcmp(argv[argi], "--listen") == 0) {
+            if (argi + 1 >= argc) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Missing value for %s\n", argv[argi]);
+                return 1;
+            }
+            if (strcmp(argv[argi + 1], "unix") == 0) {
+                listen_mode = NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX;
+            } else if (strcmp(argv[argi + 1], "stdio") == 0) {
+                listen_mode = NSIGNER_LISTEN_STDIO;
+            } else if (strcmp(argv[argi + 1], "qrexec") == 0) {
+                listen_mode = NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC;
+            } else if (strncmp(argv[argi + 1], "tcp:", 4) == 0) {
+                listen_mode = NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP;
+                listen_target = argv[argi + 1];
+            } else {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Invalid --listen mode: %s (expected unix|stdio|qrexec|tcp:HOST:PORT)\n", argv[argi + 1]);
+                return 1;
+            }
+            argi += 2;
+            continue;
+        }
        break;
    }

    if (argi < argc && strcmp(argv[argi], "client") == 0) {
+        if (listen_mode != NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "--listen is server-only; client mode uses unix abstract sockets\n");
+            return 1;
+        }
        return client_main(argc - argi - 1, argv + argi + 1, socket_name, socket_name_explicit);
    }

    if (argi < argc && strcmp(argv[argi], "list") == 0) {
+        if (listen_mode != NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "--listen is server-only; list inspects unix abstract sockets\n");
+            return 1;
+        }
        return list_sockets_main();
    }

@@ -1059,6 +1065,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
        return 1;
    }

+    printf("nsigner %s\n", NSIGNER_VERSION);
+    fflush(stdout);
+
    mnemonic_init(&mnemonic);
    if (prompt_load_mnemonic(&mnemonic) != 0) {
        mnemonic_unload(&mnemonic);
@@ -1091,11 +1100,20 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    dispatcher_init(&dispatcher, &role_table, &mnemonic, &key_store);

    owner_uid = getuid();
+    if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC || listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP) {
+        policy_entry_t e;
+        policy_table_init(&policy);
+        memset(&e, 0, sizeof(e));
+        strncpy(e.caller, "*", sizeof(e.caller) - 1);
+        e.prompt = PROMPT_EVERY_REQUEST;
+        (void)policy_table_add(&policy, &e);
+    } else {
        policy_init_default(&policy, owner_uid);
+    }

    apply_test_overrides(&policy);

-    if (!socket_name_explicit) {
+    if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX && !socket_name_explicit) {
        if (socket_name_random(generated_socket_name, sizeof(generated_socket_name)) != 0) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to generate random socket name\n");
            crypto_wipe(&key_store);
@@ -1106,9 +1124,27 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
        socket_name = generated_socket_name;
    }

-    server_init(&server, socket_name, socket_name_explicit, &dispatcher, &policy);
+    if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX) {
+        listen_target = socket_name;
+    } else if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP && socket_name_explicit) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "--socket-name is only valid with unix listen mode\n");
+        crypto_wipe(&key_store);
+        nostr_cleanup();
+        mnemonic_unload(&mnemonic);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    server_init(&server, listen_target, socket_name_explicit, listen_mode, &dispatcher, &policy);
    if (server_start(&server) != 0) {
+        if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to start server on @%s: %s\n", socket_name, server_last_error(&server));
+        } else if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to start server on %s: %s\n", listen_target, server_last_error(&server));
+        } else {
+            fprintf(stderr, "Failed to start server (%s): %s\n",
+                    (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC) ? "qrexec" : "stdio",
+                    server_last_error(&server));
+        }
        crypto_wipe(&key_store);
        nostr_cleanup();
        mnemonic_unload(&mnemonic);
@@ -1118,6 +1154,52 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    (void)signal(SIGINT, handle_signal);
    (void)signal(SIGTERM, handle_signal);

+    if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX) {
+        printf("System is ready and waiting for connections on @%s.\n", socket_name);
+    } else if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP) {
+        printf("System is ready and waiting for connections on %s.\n", listen_target);
+    } else if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC) {
+        printf("System is ready and waiting for a qrexec request.\n");
+    } else {
+        printf("System is ready and waiting for a stdio request.\n");
+    }
+    fflush(stdout);
+
+    if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_STDIO || listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC) {
+        int hrc = server_handle_one(&server, NULL, NULL);
+        server_stop(&server);
+        crypto_wipe(&key_store);
+        nostr_cleanup();
+        mnemonic_unload(&mnemonic);
+        return (hrc < 0) ? 1 : 0;
+    }
+
+    if (listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP) {
+        pfds[0].fd = server.listen_fd;
+        pfds[0].events = POLLIN;
+
+        while (g_running && server.running) {
+            int prc = poll(pfds, 1, 200);
+            if (prc < 0) {
+                if (errno == EINTR) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            if (prc > 0 && (pfds[0].revents & POLLIN)) {
+                if (server_handle_one(&server, tcp_activity_stdout_cb, NULL) < 0) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        server_stop(&server);
+        crypto_wipe(&key_store);
+        nostr_cleanup();
+        mnemonic_unload(&mnemonic);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
    memset(&g_activity_log, 0, sizeof(g_activity_log));
    g_auto_approve = 0;
    server_set_prompt_always_allow(0);
@@ -1149,7 +1231,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
            char ch = '\0';
            if (read(STDIN_FILENO, &ch, 1) > 0) {
                ch = (char)tolower((unsigned char)ch);
-                if (ch == 'q') {
+                if (ch == 'q' || ch == 'x') {
                    g_running = 0;
                } else if (ch == 'r') {
                    render_status(&role_table, &mnemonic, derived_count, socket_name);
--- a/src/server.c
+++ b/src/server.c
@@ -373,12 +373,19 @@ char *dispatcher_handle_request(dispatcher_ctx_t *ctx, const char *json_request)
 #define SERVER_SOCKET_NAME_MAX 108
 #define SERVER_MAX_MSG_SIZE    65536

+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX   0
+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_STDIO  1
+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC 2
+#define NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP    3
+
 /* Caller identity */
 typedef struct {
    uid_t uid;
    gid_t gid;
    pid_t pid;
-    char caller_id[64];  /* "uid:<n>" */
+    int kind;
+    char caller_id[64];     /* "uid:<n>" or "qubes:<vm>" */
+    char source_qube[64];
 } caller_identity_t;

 /* Server context */
@@ -387,6 +394,8 @@ typedef struct {
    char last_error[256];
    int listen_fd;
    int running;
+    int listen_mode;
+    int stdio_handled;
    dispatcher_ctx_t *dispatcher;
    policy_table_t *policy;
    int socket_name_explicit;
@@ -395,6 +404,7 @@ typedef struct {
 /* Initialize server context. socket_name is the abstract namespace name (e.g. "nsigner").
 * socket_name_explicit should be non-zero when provided via --socket-name override. */
 void server_init(server_ctx_t *ctx, const char *socket_name, int socket_name_explicit,
+                 int listen_mode,
                 dispatcher_ctx_t *dispatcher, policy_table_t *policy);

 /* Start listening. Returns 0 on success, -1 on error. */
@@ -442,6 +452,9 @@ int socket_name_random(char *out, size_t out_len);

 /* NSIGNER_HEADERLESS_DECLS_END */

+int transport_send_framed(int fd, const char *payload);
+int transport_recv_framed(int fd, char **out_payload, size_t max_size);
+
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <errno.h>
@@ -456,6 +469,157 @@ int socket_name_random(char *out, size_t out_len);
 static int g_prompt_always_allow = 0;
 static int g_noninteractive_prompt_default = -1;

+static int caller_id_extract_ipv6(const char *caller_id, char *out_ipv6, size_t out_sz) {
+    const char *start;
+    const char *end;
+    size_t len;
+
+    if (caller_id == NULL || out_ipv6 == NULL || out_sz == 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (strncmp(caller_id, "tcp:[", 5) != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    start = caller_id + 5;
+    end = strchr(start, ']');
+    if (end == NULL || end[1] != ':') {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    len = (size_t)(end - start);
+    if (len == 0 || len >= out_sz) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(out_ipv6, start, len);
+    out_ipv6[len] = '\0';
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_cmd_output(const char *cmd, char **out_buf) {
+    FILE *fp;
+    char chunk[512];
+    char *buf = NULL;
+    size_t used = 0;
+    size_t cap = 0;
+
+    if (cmd == NULL || out_buf == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    *out_buf = NULL;
+    fp = popen(cmd, "r");
+    if (fp == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    while (fgets(chunk, sizeof(chunk), fp) != NULL) {
+        size_t n = strlen(chunk);
+        if (used + n + 1 > cap) {
+            size_t new_cap = (cap == 0) ? 2048 : cap * 2;
+            while (new_cap < used + n + 1) {
+                new_cap *= 2;
+            }
+            {
+                char *tmp = (char *)realloc(buf, new_cap);
+                if (tmp == NULL) {
+                    free(buf);
+                    (void)pclose(fp);
+                    return -1;
+                }
+                buf = tmp;
+                cap = new_cap;
+            }
+        }
+        memcpy(buf + used, chunk, n);
+        used += n;
+    }
+
+    (void)pclose(fp);
+
+    if (buf == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    buf[used] = '\0';
+    *out_buf = buf;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int lookup_fips_peer_for_ipv6(const char *ipv6,
+                                     char *out_npub,
+                                     size_t out_npub_sz,
+                                     char *out_name,
+                                     size_t out_name_sz) {
+    char *json = NULL;
+    cJSON *root = NULL;
+    cJSON *peers = NULL;
+    int i;
+
+    if (ipv6 == NULL || out_npub == NULL || out_npub_sz == 0 || out_name == NULL || out_name_sz == 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    out_npub[0] = '\0';
+    out_name[0] = '\0';
+
+    if (read_cmd_output("fipsctl show peers 2>/dev/null", &json) != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    root = cJSON_Parse(json);
+    free(json);
+    if (root == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    peers = cJSON_GetObjectItemCaseSensitive(root, "peers");
+    if (!cJSON_IsArray(peers)) {
+        cJSON_Delete(root);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < cJSON_GetArraySize(peers); ++i) {
+        cJSON *peer = cJSON_GetArrayItem(peers, i);
+        cJSON *peer_ip;
+        cJSON *peer_npub;
+        cJSON *peer_name;
+
+        if (!cJSON_IsObject(peer)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        peer_ip = cJSON_GetObjectItemCaseSensitive(peer, "ipv6_addr");
+        if (!cJSON_IsString(peer_ip) || peer_ip->valuestring == NULL) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (strcmp(peer_ip->valuestring, ipv6) != 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        peer_npub = cJSON_GetObjectItemCaseSensitive(peer, "npub");
+        peer_name = cJSON_GetObjectItemCaseSensitive(peer, "display_name");
+
+        if (cJSON_IsString(peer_npub) && peer_npub->valuestring != NULL) {
+            strncpy(out_npub, peer_npub->valuestring, out_npub_sz - 1);
+            out_npub[out_npub_sz - 1] = '\0';
+        }
+        if (cJSON_IsString(peer_name) && peer_name->valuestring != NULL) {
+            strncpy(out_name, peer_name->valuestring, out_name_sz - 1);
+            out_name[out_name_sz - 1] = '\0';
+        }
+
+        cJSON_Delete(root);
+        return (out_npub[0] != '\0') ? 0 : -1;
+    }
+
+    cJSON_Delete(root);
+    return -1;
+}
+
 void server_set_prompt_always_allow(int enabled) {
    g_prompt_always_allow = enabled ? 1 : 0;
 }
@@ -488,6 +652,20 @@ static int prompt_for_policy_decision(const caller_identity_t *caller,

    printf("\nApproval required\n");
    printf("caller: %s\n", (caller != NULL) ? caller->caller_id : "unknown");
+    if (caller != NULL && caller->kind == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP) {
+        char ipv6[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+        char npub[128];
+        char display_name[128];
+
+        if (caller_id_extract_ipv6(caller->caller_id, ipv6, sizeof(ipv6)) == 0 &&
+            lookup_fips_peer_for_ipv6(ipv6, npub, sizeof(npub), display_name, sizeof(display_name)) == 0) {
+            if (display_name[0] != '\0') {
+                printf("fips peer: %s (%s)\n", npub, display_name);
+            } else {
+                printf("fips peer: %s\n", npub);
+            }
+        }
+    }
    printf("method: %s\n", (method != NULL) ? method : "unknown");
    printf("role: %s\n", (role_name != NULL) ? role_name : "unknown");
    printf("purpose: %s\n", (purpose != NULL) ? purpose : "unknown");
@@ -527,98 +705,81 @@ static void server_set_error(server_ctx_t *ctx, const char *msg) {
    ctx->last_error[sizeof(ctx->last_error) - 1] = '\0';
 }

-static int read_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t len) {
-    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *)buf;
-    size_t off = 0;

-    while (off < len) {
-        ssize_t n = read(fd, p + off, len - off);
-        if (n == 0) {
-            return -1;
-        }
-        if (n < 0) {
-            if (errno == EINTR) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            return -1;
-        }
-        off += (size_t)n;
-    }
+static int parse_tcp_target(const char *target,
+                            int *out_family,
+                            char *out_host,
+                            size_t out_host_sz,
+                            uint16_t *out_port) {
+    const char *p;
+    const char *host_start;
+    const char *host_end;
+    const char *port_start;
+    char port_buf[16];
+    size_t host_len;
+    size_t port_len;
+    char *endptr = NULL;
+    long port_long;

-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int write_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len) {
-    const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)buf;
-    size_t off = 0;
-
-    while (off < len) {
-        ssize_t n = write(fd, p + off, len - off);
-        if (n < 0) {
-            if (errno == EINTR) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            return -1;
-        }
-        off += (size_t)n;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int recv_framed(int fd, char **out_payload) {
-    uint32_t be_len;
-    uint32_t len;
-    char *payload;
-
-    if (out_payload == NULL) {
+    if (target == NULL || out_family == NULL || out_host == NULL || out_port == NULL ||
+        out_host_sz == 0) {
        return -1;
    }

-    *out_payload = NULL;
-
-    if (read_full(fd, &be_len, sizeof(be_len)) != 0) {
+    if (strncmp(target, "tcp:", 4) != 0) {
        return -1;
    }

-    len = ntohl(be_len);
-    if (len == 0 || len > SERVER_MAX_MSG_SIZE) {
+    p = target + 4;
+    if (*p == '[') {
+        host_start = p + 1;
+        host_end = strchr(host_start, ']');
+        if (host_end == NULL || host_end[1] != ':') {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        port_start = host_end + 2;
+    } else {
+        host_start = p;
+        host_end = strrchr(p, ':');
+        if (host_end == NULL || host_end == host_start) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        port_start = host_end + 1;
+    }
+
+    host_len = (size_t)(host_end - host_start);
+    if (host_len == 0 || host_len >= out_host_sz) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    memcpy(out_host, host_start, host_len);
+    out_host[host_len] = '\0';
+
+    port_len = strlen(port_start);
+    if (port_len == 0 || port_len >= sizeof(port_buf)) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    memcpy(port_buf, port_start, port_len + 1);
+
+    errno = 0;
+    port_long = strtol(port_buf, &endptr, 10);
+    if (errno != 0 || endptr == port_buf || *endptr != '\0' || port_long < 1 || port_long > 65535) {
        return -1;
    }

-    payload = (char *)malloc((size_t)len + 1U);
-    if (payload == NULL) {
+    {
+        struct in6_addr addr6;
+        struct in_addr addr4;
+
+        if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, out_host, &addr6) == 1) {
+            *out_family = AF_INET6;
+        } else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, out_host, &addr4) == 1) {
+            *out_family = AF_INET;
+        } else {
            return -1;
        }
-
-    if (read_full(fd, payload, len) != 0) {
-        free(payload);
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    payload[len] = '\0';
-    *out_payload = payload;
-    return 0;
-}
-
-static int send_framed(int fd, const char *payload) {
-    uint32_t len;
-    uint32_t be_len;
-
-    if (payload == NULL) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    len = (uint32_t)strlen(payload);
-    be_len = htonl(len);
-
-    if (write_full(fd, &be_len, sizeof(be_len)) != 0) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    if (write_full(fd, payload, len) != 0) {
-        return -1;
    }

+    *out_port = (uint16_t)port_long;
    return 0;
 }

@@ -697,6 +858,7 @@ static int extract_method_and_selector(const char *json,
 }

 void server_init(server_ctx_t *ctx, const char *socket_name, int socket_name_explicit,
+                 int listen_mode,
                 dispatcher_ctx_t *dispatcher, policy_table_t *policy) {
    if (ctx == NULL) {
        return;
@@ -709,6 +871,8 @@ void server_init(server_ctx_t *ctx, const char *socket_name, int socket_name_exp
        ctx->socket_name[sizeof(ctx->socket_name) - 1] = '\0';
    }
    ctx->listen_fd = -1;
+    ctx->listen_mode = listen_mode;
+    ctx->stdio_handled = 0;
    ctx->dispatcher = dispatcher;
    ctx->policy = policy;
    ctx->socket_name_explicit = socket_name_explicit ? 1 : 0;
@@ -732,6 +896,105 @@ int server_start(server_ctx_t *ctx) {

    server_set_error(ctx, NULL);

+    if (ctx->listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_STDIO || ctx->listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC) {
+        ctx->listen_fd = STDIN_FILENO;
+        ctx->running = 1;
+        ctx->stdio_handled = 0;
+        server_set_error(ctx, NULL);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (ctx->listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP) {
+        int family;
+        uint16_t port;
+        char host[64];
+        int one = 1;
+
+        int prc = parse_tcp_target(ctx->socket_name, &family, host, sizeof(host), &port);
+        if (prc != 0) {
+            (void)snprintf(ctx->last_error,
+                           sizeof(ctx->last_error),
+                           "invalid tcp listen target: %s (expected tcp:IPv4:PORT or tcp:[IPv6]:PORT)",
+                           ctx->socket_name);
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        fd = socket(family, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
+        if (fd < 0) {
+            (void)snprintf(ctx->last_error,
+                           sizeof(ctx->last_error),
+                           "socket(tcp) failed: %s",
+                           strerror(errno));
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        (void)setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &one, sizeof(one));
+
+        if (family == AF_INET) {
+            struct sockaddr_in addr4;
+            memset(&addr4, 0, sizeof(addr4));
+            addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;
+            addr4.sin_port = htons(port);
+            if (inet_pton(AF_INET, host, &addr4.sin_addr) != 1) {
+                close(fd);
+                server_set_error(ctx, "inet_pton(AF_INET) failed for listen target");
+                return -1;
+            }
+            if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr4, sizeof(addr4)) != 0) {
+                (void)snprintf(ctx->last_error,
+                               sizeof(ctx->last_error),
+                               "bind(%s) failed: %s",
+                               ctx->socket_name,
+                               strerror(errno));
+                close(fd);
+                return -1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            struct sockaddr_in6 addr6;
+            memset(&addr6, 0, sizeof(addr6));
+            addr6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
+            addr6.sin6_port = htons(port);
+            if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, host, &addr6.sin6_addr) != 1) {
+                close(fd);
+                server_set_error(ctx, "inet_pton(AF_INET6) failed for listen target");
+                return -1;
+            }
+            if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&addr6, sizeof(addr6)) != 0) {
+                (void)snprintf(ctx->last_error,
+                               sizeof(ctx->last_error),
+                               "bind(%s) failed: %s",
+                               ctx->socket_name,
+                               strerror(errno));
+                close(fd);
+                return -1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (listen(fd, 16) != 0) {
+            (void)snprintf(ctx->last_error,
+                           sizeof(ctx->last_error),
+                           "listen() failed: %s",
+                           strerror(errno));
+            close(fd);
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0);
+        if (flags < 0 || fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK) != 0) {
+            (void)snprintf(ctx->last_error,
+                           sizeof(ctx->last_error),
+                           "fcntl(O_NONBLOCK) failed: %s",
+                           strerror(errno));
+            close(fd);
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        ctx->listen_fd = fd;
+        ctx->running = 1;
+        server_set_error(ctx, NULL);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
    fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (fd < 0) {
        (void)snprintf(ctx->last_error,
@@ -835,6 +1098,56 @@ int server_get_caller(int fd, caller_identity_t *out) {

    memset(out, 0, sizeof(*out));

+    if (fd == STDIN_FILENO) {
+        const char *src = getenv("QREXEC_REMOTE_DOMAIN");
+        out->kind = NSIGNER_LISTEN_STDIO;
+        if (src != NULL && src[0] != '\0') {
+            out->kind = NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC;
+            strncpy(out->source_qube, src, sizeof(out->source_qube) - 1);
+            out->source_qube[sizeof(out->source_qube) - 1] = '\0';
+            (void)snprintf(out->caller_id, sizeof(out->caller_id), "qubes:%.57s", out->source_qube);
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        out->uid = getuid();
+        out->gid = getgid();
+        out->pid = getpid();
+        (void)snprintf(out->caller_id, sizeof(out->caller_id), "uid:%u", (unsigned int)out->uid);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    {
+        struct sockaddr_storage peer;
+        socklen_t peer_len = sizeof(peer);
+        if (getpeername(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&peer, &peer_len) == 0) {
+            if (peer.ss_family == AF_INET) {
+                const struct sockaddr_in *in4 = (const struct sockaddr_in *)&peer;
+                char ip[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
+                if (inet_ntop(AF_INET, &in4->sin_addr, ip, sizeof(ip)) != NULL) {
+                    out->kind = NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP;
+                    (void)snprintf(out->caller_id,
+                                   sizeof(out->caller_id),
+                                   "tcp:%s:%u",
+                                   ip,
+                                   (unsigned int)ntohs(in4->sin_port));
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            } else if (peer.ss_family == AF_INET6) {
+                const struct sockaddr_in6 *in6 = (const struct sockaddr_in6 *)&peer;
+                char ip6[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+                if (inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &in6->sin6_addr, ip6, sizeof(ip6)) != NULL) {
+                    out->kind = NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP;
+                    (void)snprintf(out->caller_id,
+                                   sizeof(out->caller_id),
+                                   "tcp:[%s]:%u",
+                                   ip6,
+                                   (unsigned int)ntohs(in6->sin6_port));
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
    if (getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_PEERCRED, &cred, &len) != 0) {
        return -1;
    }
@@ -842,6 +1155,7 @@ int server_get_caller(int fd, caller_identity_t *out) {
    out->uid = cred.uid;
    out->gid = cred.gid;
    out->pid = cred.pid;
+    out->kind = NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX;
    (void)snprintf(out->caller_id, sizeof(out->caller_id), "uid:%u", (unsigned int)out->uid);
    return 0;
 }
@@ -864,6 +1178,13 @@ int server_handle_one(server_ctx_t *ctx, server_activity_cb cb, void *cb_data) {
        return -1;
    }

+    if (ctx->listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_STDIO || ctx->listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_QREXEC) {
+        if (ctx->stdio_handled) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        client_fd = STDIN_FILENO;
+        ctx->stdio_handled = 1;
+    } else {
        client_fd = accept(ctx->listen_fd, NULL, NULL);
        if (client_fd < 0) {
            if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EWOULDBLOCK) {
@@ -871,19 +1192,24 @@ int server_handle_one(server_ctx_t *ctx, server_activity_cb cb, void *cb_data) {
            }
            return -1;
        }
+    }

    if (server_get_caller(client_fd, &caller) != 0) {
+        if (client_fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
            close(client_fd);
+        }
        return -1;
    }

-    if (recv_framed(client_fd, &request) != 0) {
+    if (transport_recv_framed(client_fd, &request, SERVER_MAX_MSG_SIZE) != 0) {
        response = strdup("{\"id\":\"null\",\"error\":{\"code\":-32700,\"message\":\"parse_error\"}}");
        if (response != NULL) {
-            (void)send_framed(client_fd, response);
+            (void)transport_send_framed((client_fd == STDIN_FILENO) ? STDOUT_FILENO : client_fd, response);
            free(response);
        }
+        if (client_fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
            close(client_fd);
+        }
        return 1;
    }

@@ -917,14 +1243,13 @@ int server_handle_one(server_ctx_t *ctx, server_activity_cb cb, void *cb_data) {
    }

    if (response != NULL) {
-        (void)send_framed(client_fd, response);
+        (void)transport_send_framed((client_fd == STDIN_FILENO) ? STDOUT_FILENO : client_fd, response);
    }

    (void)snprintf(activity,
                   sizeof(activity),
-                   "uid=%u pid=%d %s(%s) %s",
-                   (unsigned int)caller.uid,
-                   (int)caller.pid,
+                   "%s %s(%s) %s",
+                   caller.caller_id,
                   method,
                   role_name,
                   verdict);
@@ -935,7 +1260,9 @@ int server_handle_one(server_ctx_t *ctx, server_activity_cb cb, void *cb_data) {

    free(request);
    free(response);
+    if (client_fd != STDIN_FILENO) {
        close(client_fd);
+    }
    return 1;
 }

@@ -945,7 +1272,9 @@ void server_stop(server_ctx_t *ctx) {
    }

    if (ctx->listen_fd >= 0) {
+        if (ctx->listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_UNIX || ctx->listen_mode == NSIGNER_LISTEN_TCP) {
            close(ctx->listen_fd);
+        }
        ctx->listen_fd = -1;
    }
    ctx->running = 0;
--- a/src/transport_frame.c
+++ b/src/transport_frame.c
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+static int transport_read_full(int fd, void *buf, size_t len) {
+    unsigned char *p = (unsigned char *)buf;
+    size_t off = 0;
+
+    while (off < len) {
+        ssize_t n = read(fd, p + off, len - off);
+        if (n == 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+        if (n < 0) {
+            if (errno == EINTR) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            return -1;
+        }
+        off += (size_t)n;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int transport_write_full(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len) {
+    const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)buf;
+    size_t off = 0;
+
+    while (off < len) {
+        ssize_t n = write(fd, p + off, len - off);
+        if (n < 0) {
+            if (errno == EINTR) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            return -1;
+        }
+        off += (size_t)n;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int transport_send_framed(int fd, const char *payload) {
+    uint32_t len;
+    uint32_t be_len;
+
+    if (payload == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    len = (uint32_t)strlen(payload);
+    be_len = htonl(len);
+
+    if (transport_write_full(fd, &be_len, sizeof(be_len)) != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (transport_write_full(fd, payload, len) != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int transport_recv_framed(int fd, char **out_payload, size_t max_size) {
+    uint32_t be_len;
+    uint32_t len;
+    char *payload;
+
+    if (out_payload == NULL || max_size == 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    *out_payload = NULL;
+
+    if (transport_read_full(fd, &be_len, sizeof(be_len)) != 0) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    len = ntohl(be_len);
+    if (len == 0 || len > max_size) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    payload = (char *)malloc((size_t)len + 1U);
+    if (payload == NULL) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    if (transport_read_full(fd, payload, len) != 0) {
+        free(payload);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    payload[len] = '\0';
+    *out_payload = payload;
+    return 0;
+}
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Laan Tungir	ae95ae6859	v0.0.12 - Fix release flow: always increment version in -r mode; include startup confirmations and latest-version installer behavior	2026-05-04 07:21:30 -04:00
Laan Tungir	3efb0edb61	v0.0.11 - Improve startup UX messaging and installer defaults: show mnemonic acceptance, readiness state, and auto-resolve latest release version	2026-05-04 07:18:27 -04:00
Laan Tungir	c5fdb1a207	v0.0.11 - Improve startup UX: print version, visible mnemonic entry, retry up to 10 attempts, and support q/x quit	2026-05-04 07:02:40 -04:00
Laan Tungir	28f50a750f	v0.0.10 - Fix ARM64 static release build via buildx/QEMU and arch-aware nostr_core linking	2026-05-04 05:57:46 -04:00
Laan Tungir	1dd6630311	v0.0.9 - Add timestamped stdout activity logging for TCP mode and show full .fips signer URL in startup helper	2026-05-03 20:37:11 -04:00
Laan Tungir	252d026991	v0.0.8 - Add FIPS npub-aware approval prompt and simplify qube installer to nsigner-only startup flow	2026-05-03 19:50:29 -04:00
Laan Tungir	f9d7b94962	v0.0.7 - Allow TCP non-loopback IPv4/IPv6 binds for FIPS reachability	2026-05-03 11:41:42 -04:00
Laan Tungir	b089bf36e3	v0.0.6 - Tier-1 TCP listener + FIPS deployment documentation	2026-05-02 18:14:20 -04:00