// Teensy 4.1 bring-up: detect, list, and read the SD card in the built-in slot.
//
// Uses the Teensy built-in SD library (4-bit SDMMC on the onboard slot — not the
// SPI SD slot on the display module). Prints card info, the root directory
// listing, and the first 512 bytes of the first file it finds, all over USB CDC
// so we can inspect a card that may already be formatted with files on it.
//
// Build / upload:
//   arduino-cli compile --fqbn teensy:avr:teensy41 firmware/teensy41/sd_test
//   arduino-cli upload -p /dev/ttyACM0 --fqbn teensy:avr:teensy41 firmware/teensy41/sd_test
//
// Monitor:
//   stty -F /dev/ttyACM0 115200 raw -echo && cat /dev/ttyACM0
//
// Exit criterion: card is detected, its size + format are reported, the root
// directory lists, and a sample file read round-trips.

#include <SD.h>

static void report() {
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("=== Teensy 4.1 SD card test ===");
  Serial.println();

  // BUILTIN_SDCARD selects the Teensy 4.1's onboard 4-bit SDMMC slot.
  if (!SD.begin(BUILTIN_SDCARD)) {
    Serial.println("ERROR: SD.begin(BUILTIN_SDCARD) failed — no card, bad card, or wiring issue.");
    Serial.println("Check that a card is seated in the Teensy's built-in slot.");
    return;
  }
  Serial.println("SD card mounted OK via 4-bit SDMMC (BUILTIN_SDCARD).");

  // Card type via the Sd2Card helper (wraps SD.sdfs.card()->type()).
  Sd2Card card;
  uint8_t ct = card.type();
  Serial.print("Card type: ");
  switch (ct) {
    case SD_CARD_TYPE_SD1:  Serial.println("SD1 (standard)"); break;
    case SD_CARD_TYPE_SD2:  Serial.println("SD2 (standard)"); break;
    case SD_CARD_TYPE_SDHC: Serial.println("SDHC/SDXC");      break;
    default:                Serial.println("unknown");        break;
  }

  // Card size: SdFat v2 exposes sector count on the card object.
  uint64_t sectors = 0;
  if (SD.sdfs.card()) sectors = SD.sdfs.card()->sectorCount();
  uint64_t sz = sectors * 512ULL;
  Serial.print("Sectors (512 B):  "); Serial.println((uint64_t)sectors);
  Serial.print("Card size (bytes): "); Serial.println((uint64_t)sz);
  Serial.print("Card size (GB):    ");
  Serial.println((uint64_t)sz / (1000ULL * 1000ULL * 1000ULL));
  Serial.print("Card size (GiB):   ");
  Serial.println((uint64_t)sz / (1024ULL * 1024ULL * 1024ULL));

  // FAT type + cluster info via the SdVolume helper.
  SdVolume vol;
  vol.init(card);
  Serial.print("Volume FAT type: ");
  switch (vol.fatType()) {
    case 0:  Serial.println("(none / not FAT — likely exFAT)"); break;
    case 12: Serial.println("FAT12"); break;
    case 16: Serial.println("FAT16"); break;
    case 32: Serial.println("FAT32"); break;
    default: Serial.print(vol.fatType()); Serial.println(" (unknown)"); break;
  }
  Serial.print("Cluster count:       "); Serial.println(vol.clusterCount());
  Serial.print("Blocks per cluster:  "); Serial.println(vol.blocksPerCluster());

  Serial.print("sdfs.vol() fatType:  ");
  if (SD.sdfs.vol()) Serial.println(SD.sdfs.vol()->fatType());
  else Serial.println("(no FAT volume — likely exFAT-only)");

  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("=== Root directory listing ===");
  File root = SD.open("/");
  printDirectory(root, 0);
  root.close();
  Serial.println("=== end listing ===");

  // Try to read the first regular file in the root and dump its first 512 bytes.
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("=== First-file read test ===");
  root = SD.open("/");
  File first;
  while (true) {
    first = root.openNextFile();
    if (!first) break;
    if (!first.isDirectory()) break;
    first.close();
  }
  root.close();
  if (first) {
    Serial.print("Reading: ");
    Serial.print(first.name());
    Serial.print(" (");
    Serial.print(first.size(), DEC);
    Serial.println(" bytes)");
    Serial.println("--- first 512 bytes (hex + ASCII) ---");
    uint8_t buf[512];
    int n = first.read(buf, sizeof(buf));
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      if (buf[i] < 0x10) Serial.print('0');
      Serial.print(buf[i], HEX);
      Serial.print(' ');
      if ((i & 15) == 15) {
        Serial.print(" | ");
        for (int j = i - 15; j <= i; j++) {
          char c = (char)buf[j];
          Serial.print((c >= 32 && c < 127) ? c : '.');
        }
        Serial.println();
      }
    }
    Serial.println("--- end dump ---");
    first.close();
  } else {
    Serial.println("No regular files in root directory.");
  }

  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("=== SD test complete ===");
}

static void printDirectory(File dir, int depth) {
  while (true) {
    File entry = dir.openNextFile();
    if (!entry) break;             // no more files
    for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) Serial.print("  ");
    if (entry.isDirectory()) {
      Serial.print(entry.name());
      Serial.println("/");
      printDirectory(entry, depth + 1);
    } else {
      Serial.print(entry.name());
      Serial.print("\t");
      Serial.print(entry.size(), DEC);
      Serial.println(" bytes");
    }
    entry.close();
  }
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial && millis() < 4000) ;  // wait up to 4s for USB CDC
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);

  // Print the report once at boot (may be missed if the host isn't listening
  // yet — that's fine, send any byte to re-trigger).
  report();
}

void loop() {
  // Re-run the report whenever any byte arrives over USB CDC, so the host can
  // request the report after the port has been opened.
  if (Serial.available()) {
    while (Serial.available()) Serial.read();   // drain
    report();
  }
  // slow steady blink = idle, ready for a re-report request
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); delay(500);
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);  delay(500);
}