update migration

make sure to always emit sats cost

README.md

@@ -51,14 +51,26 @@ curl https://api.routstr.com/v1/chat/completions \
 
 ## Quick Start (Docker)
 
-If you are a node runner, start a Routstr Core instance and configure upstream access in the dashboard.
+If you are a node runner, start a Routstr Core instance using Docker Compose:
 
-```bash
-docker run -d \
-  --name routstr-proxy \
-  -p 8000:8000 \
-  ghcr.io/routstr/proxy:latest
-```
+1. **Prepare your `.env`**:
+   ```bash
+   ADMIN_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword
+   NAME="My AI Node"
+   DESCRIPTION="Fast access to models"
+   NSEC=yournsec
+   RECEIVE_LN_ADDRESS=yourname@wallet.com
+   ```
+
+2. **Start the services**:
+   ```bash
+   docker compose up -d
+   ```
+
+3. **Configure**:
+   Open [http://localhost:8000/admin/](http://localhost:8000/admin/) to connect your AI providers and set pricing.
+
+For full instructions, see the **[Provider Quick Start Guide](https://docs.routstr.com/provider/quickstart/)**.
 
 ## Development
 

docs/provider/deployment.md

@@ -6,16 +6,7 @@ Production deployment guide for Routstr Provider nodes.
 
 For production, use Docker Compose with persistent storage and optional Tor support.
 
-### Unified Setup (All-in-one)
-To build and run the node with the UI integrated in a single container using the multi-stage build:
-
-```bash
-docker build -f Dockerfile.full -t routstr-full .
-docker run -d -p 8000:8000 --env-file .env routstr-full
-```
-
-### Advanced Setup (Separated UI & Node)
-Use the included `compose.yml` for a more flexible setup that separates the UI build process from the node execution. This is useful for development or when you want to manage Tor as a separate service.
+Use the included `compose.yml` for a flexible setup that handles both the UI and the node execution. This is useful for development or when you want to manage Tor as a separate service.
 
 ```bash
 docker compose up -d
@@ -184,20 +175,16 @@ docker compose up -d
 
 ## Building from Source
 
-### Unified Image (UI + Node)
-The easiest way to build everything from source into a single production-ready image:
+### Using Docker Compose
+The easiest way to build everything from source:
 
 ```bash
-docker build -f Dockerfile.full -t routstr-full .
+docker compose build
 ```
 
 ### Individual Components
-If you prefer building them separately or using Docker Compose:
+If you prefer building the node only (requires manual UI build first):
 
 ```bash
-# Build using compose
-docker compose build
-
-# Or build the node only (requires manual UI build first)
 docker build -t routstr-node .
 ```

docs/provider/quickstart.md

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ ADMIN_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword
 # Node Identity
 NAME="My AI Node"
 DESCRIPTION="Fast access to models"
+NSEC=yournsec
 
 # Lightning Payouts
 RECEIVE_LN_ADDRESS=yourname@wallet.com
@@ -43,32 +44,10 @@ RECEIVE_LN_ADDRESS=yourname@wallet.com
 
 ## 2. Start the Node
 
-You can run the pre-built image directly:
+The recommended way to run Routstr is using Docker Compose, which handles the node, the UI, and optional services like Tor.
 
 ```bash
-docker run -d \
-  --name routstr \
-  -p 8000:8000 \
-  --env-file .env \
-  -v routstr-data:/app/data \
-  ghcr.io/routstr/proxy:latest
-```
-
-*Note: The pre-built image does not contain the UI. For the all-in-one experience with the Admin Dashboard, use the Build from Source instructions below.*
-
-### Build from Source (Recommended)
-
-If you want to build the node and UI yourself from source, use the unified Dockerfile:
-
-```bash
-git clone https://github.com/routstr/routstr-core.git
-cd routstr-core
-# Edit your .env with ADMIN_PASSWORD and API keys
-cp .env.example .env
-nano .env
-
-docker build -f Dockerfile.full -t routstr-local .
-docker run -d -p 8000:8000 --env-file .env --name routstr routstr-local
+docker compose up -d
 ```
 
 Verify it's running:
@@ -77,6 +56,15 @@ Verify it's running:
 curl http://localhost:8000/v1/info
 ```
 
+### Build from Source (Optional)
+
+If you've cloned the repository and want to build the images yourself:
+
+```bash
+docker compose build
+docker compose up -d
+```
+
 ---
 
 ## 3. Configure via Dashboard

migrations/versions/02650cd6f028_add_routstr_fees_table.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""add routstr_fees table
+
+Revision ID: 02650cd6f028
+Revises: c3d4e5f6a7b8
+Create Date: 2026-04-24 00:00:00.000000
+"""
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = "02650cd6f028"
+down_revision = "c3d4e5f6a7b8"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    op.create_table(
+        "routstr_fees",
+        sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("accumulated_msats", sa.Integer(), nullable=False, server_default="0"),
+        sa.Column("total_paid_msats", sa.Integer(), nullable=False, server_default="0"),
+        sa.Column("last_paid_at", sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id"),
+    )
+    # Seed with a single row
+    op.execute("INSERT INTO routstr_fees (id, accumulated_msats, total_paid_msats) VALUES (1, 0, 0)")
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_table("routstr_fees")

migrations/versions/6d2fa295fa43_add_provider_fee_schedules.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""add provider_fee_schedules and provider_fee_default to upstream_providers
+
+Revision ID: 6d2fa295fa43
+Revises: cli_tokens_001
+Create Date: 2026-04-28 00:00:00.000000
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = "6d2fa295fa43"
+down_revision = "cli_tokens_001"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    conn = op.get_bind()
+    inspector = sa.inspect(conn)
+    columns = {c["name"] for c in inspector.get_columns("upstream_providers")}
+
+    if "provider_fee_default" not in columns:
+        op.add_column(
+            "upstream_providers",
+            sa.Column(
+                "provider_fee_default",
+                sa.Float(),
+                nullable=False,
+                server_default="1.01",
+            ),
+        )
+        # Preserve any custom per-provider fees by copying from provider_fee.
+        op.execute(
+            "UPDATE upstream_providers "
+            "SET provider_fee_default = provider_fee "
+            "WHERE provider_fee IS NOT NULL"
+        )
+
+    if "provider_fee_schedules" not in columns:
+        op.add_column(
+            "upstream_providers",
+            sa.Column("provider_fee_schedules", sa.Text(), nullable=True),
+        )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    conn = op.get_bind()
+    inspector = sa.inspect(conn)
+    columns = {c["name"] for c in inspector.get_columns("upstream_providers")}
+
+    if "provider_fee_schedules" in columns:
+        op.drop_column("upstream_providers", "provider_fee_schedules")
+    if "provider_fee_default" in columns:
+        op.drop_column("upstream_providers", "provider_fee_default")

migrations/versions/b1c2d3e4f5a6_add_upstream_model_id_to_models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+"""add forwarded_model_id to models
+
+Revision ID: b1c2d3e4f5a6
+Revises: a776ca70e5fe
+Create Date: 2026-04-05 00:00:00.000000
+"""
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+import sqlmodel
+from alembic import op
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = "b1c2d3e4f5a6"
+down_revision = "a776ca70e5fe"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    op.add_column(
+        "models",
+        sa.Column(
+            "forwarded_model_id",
+            sqlmodel.sql.sqltypes.AutoString(),
+            nullable=True,
+        ),
+    )
+    # Backfill: set forwarded_model_id = id for all existing rows
+    op.execute("UPDATE models SET forwarded_model_id = id WHERE forwarded_model_id IS NULL")
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_column("models", "forwarded_model_id")

migrations/versions/c3d4e5f6a7b8_add_source_to_cashu_transactions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""add source to cashu_transactions
+
+Revision ID: c3d4e5f6a7b8
+Revises: b1c2d3e4f5a6
+Create Date: 2026-04-10 00:00:00.000000
+"""
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+import sqlmodel
+from alembic import op
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = "c3d4e5f6a7b8"
+down_revision = "b1c2d3e4f5a6"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    conn = op.get_bind()
+    inspector = sa.inspect(conn)
+    columns = [col["name"] for col in inspector.get_columns("cashu_transactions")]
+    if "source" not in columns:
+        op.add_column(
+            "cashu_transactions",
+            sa.Column(
+                "source",
+                sqlmodel.sql.sqltypes.AutoString(),
+                nullable=False,
+                server_default="x-cashu",
+            ),
+        )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_column("cashu_transactions", "source")

migrations/versions/cli_tokens_table.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""add cli_tokens table
+
+Revision ID: cli_tokens_001
+Revises: e8f9a0b1c2d3
+Create Date: 2026-04-25 00:00:00.000000
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+revision = "cli_tokens_001"
+down_revision = "e8f9a0b1c2d3"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    op.create_table(
+        "cli_tokens",
+        sa.Column("id", sa.String(), primary_key=True, nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("token", sa.String(), nullable=False, unique=True),
+        sa.Column("name", sa.String(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("last_used_at", sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("expires_at", sa.Integer(), nullable=True),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_cli_tokens_token", "cli_tokens", ["token"], unique=True)
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_index("ix_cli_tokens_token", table_name="cli_tokens")
+    op.drop_table("cli_tokens")

migrations/versions/d4e5f6a7b8c9_add_api_key_to_cashu_transactions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""add api key link to cashu_transactions
+
+Revision ID: d4e5f6a7b8c9
+Revises: c3d4e5f6a7b8
+Create Date: 2026-04-20 00:00:00.000000
+"""
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+import sqlmodel
+from alembic import op
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = "d4e5f6a7b8c9"
+down_revision = "c3d4e5f6a7b8"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    conn = op.get_bind()
+    inspector = sa.inspect(conn)
+    columns = [col["name"] for col in inspector.get_columns("cashu_transactions")]
+    indexes = {index["name"] for index in inspector.get_indexes("cashu_transactions")}
+
+    if "api_key_hashed_key" not in columns:
+        op.add_column(
+            "cashu_transactions",
+            sa.Column(
+                "api_key_hashed_key",
+                sqlmodel.sql.sqltypes.AutoString(),
+                nullable=True,
+            ),
+        )
+
+    if "ix_cashu_transactions_api_key_hashed_key" not in indexes:
+        op.create_index(
+            "ix_cashu_transactions_api_key_hashed_key",
+            "cashu_transactions",
+            ["api_key_hashed_key"],
+            unique=False,
+        )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_index("ix_cashu_transactions_api_key_hashed_key", table_name="cashu_transactions")
+    op.drop_column("cashu_transactions", "api_key_hashed_key")

migrations/versions/e8f9a0b1c2d3_merge_heads.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+"""merge heads: routstr_fees + api_key_to_cashu_transactions
+
+Revision ID: e8f9a0b1c2d3
+Revises: 02650cd6f028, d4e5f6a7b8c9
+Create Date: 2026-04-24 00:00:00.000000
+"""
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = "e8f9a0b1c2d3"
+down_revision = ("02650cd6f028", "d4e5f6a7b8c9")
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    pass
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    pass

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "routstr"
-version = "0.4.1"
+version = "0.4.3"
 description = "Payment proxy for your LLM endpoint using cashu and nostr."
 readme = "README.md"
 requires-python = ">=3.11"

routstr/algorithm.py

@@ -217,6 +217,10 @@ def create_model_mappings(
                 if prefixed_id not in aliases:
                     aliases.append(prefixed_id)
 
+            # Register forwarded_model_id as a routable alias
+            if model_to_use.forwarded_model_id and model_to_use.forwarded_model_id not in aliases:
+                aliases.append(model_to_use.forwarded_model_id)
+
             # Try to set each alias
             for alias in aliases:
                 _add_candidate(alias, model_to_use, upstream)
@@ -305,6 +309,10 @@ def create_model_mappings(
             if prefixed_id not in aliases:
                 aliases.append(prefixed_id)
 
+        # Register forwarded_model_id as a routable alias
+        if model_to_use.forwarded_model_id and model_to_use.forwarded_model_id not in aliases:
+            aliases.append(model_to_use.forwarded_model_id)
+
         for alias in aliases:
             _add_candidate(alias, model_to_use, upstream_for_override)
         seen_model_provider.add(dedupe_key)

routstr/auth.py

@@ -7,11 +7,12 @@ from datetime import datetime
 from typing import Optional
 
 from fastapi import HTTPException
+from sqlalchemy import case
 from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
 from sqlmodel import col, select, update
 
 from .core import get_logger
-from .core.db import ApiKey, AsyncSession
+from .core.db import ApiKey, AsyncSession, accumulate_routstr_fee
 from .core.settings import settings
 from .payment.cost_calculation import (
     CostData,
@@ -22,6 +23,13 @@ from .payment.cost_calculation import (
 from .wallet import credit_balance, deserialize_token_from_string
 
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
+payments_logger = get_logger("routstr.payments")
+
+# Routstr platform fee constants
+ROUTSTR_FEE_PERCENT: float = 2.1
+ROUTSTR_LN_ADDRESS: str = "npub130mznv74rxs032peqym6g3wqavh472623mt3z5w73xq9r6qqdufs7ql29s@npub.cash"
+ROUTSTR_FEE_PAYOUT_INTERVAL_SECONDS: int = 900
+ROUTSTR_FEE_DEFAULT_PAYOUT: int = 200
 
 # TODO: implement prepaid api key (not like it was before)
 # PREPAID_API_KEY = os.environ.get("PREPAID_API_KEY", None)
@@ -584,6 +592,18 @@ async def pay_for_request(
             "total_requests": billing_key.total_requests,
         },
     )
+    payments_logger.info(
+        "RESERVE",
+        extra={
+            "event": "reserve",
+            "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+            "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+            "cost_reserved": cost_per_request,
+            "balance": billing_key.balance,
+            "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+            "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+        },
+    )
 
     return cost_per_request
 
@@ -635,6 +655,17 @@ async def revert_pay_for_request(
     await session.refresh(billing_key)
     if billing_key.hashed_key != key.hashed_key:
         await session.refresh(key)
+    payments_logger.info(
+        "REVERT",
+        extra={
+            "event": "revert",
+            "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+            "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+            "cost_reverted": cost_per_request,
+            "balance": billing_key.balance,
+            "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+        },
+    )
     return True
 
 
@@ -716,6 +747,17 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                 },
             )
 
+    async def _accumulate_fee(total_cost_msats: int) -> None:
+        if total_cost_msats > 0 and ROUTSTR_FEE_PERCENT > 0:
+            fee_msats = math.ceil(total_cost_msats * ROUTSTR_FEE_PERCENT / 100)
+            try:
+                await accumulate_routstr_fee(session, fee_msats)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Failed to accumulate Routstr fee",
+                    extra={"error": str(e), "fee_msats": fee_msats},
+                )
+
     match await calculate_cost(response_data, deducted_max_cost, session):
         case MaxCostData() as cost:
             logger.debug(
@@ -728,11 +770,32 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                 },
             )
             # Finalize by releasing reservation and charging max cost
+            if billing_key.reserved_balance < deducted_max_cost:
+                logger.error(
+                    "reserved_balance below deducted_max_cost before MaxCost finalization — clamping to 0",
+                    extra={
+                        "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                        "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                        "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+                        "deducted_max_cost": deducted_max_cost,
+                        "total_cost_msats": cost.total_msats,
+                        "balance": billing_key.balance,
+                        "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+                        "model": model,
+                    },
+                )
+
+            safe_reserved = case(
+                (col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost,
+                 col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost),
+                else_=0,
+            )
+
             finalize_stmt = (
                 update(ApiKey)
                 .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == billing_key.hashed_key)
                 .values(
-                    reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost,
+                    reserved_balance=safe_reserved,
                     balance=col(ApiKey.balance) - cost.total_msats,
                     total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + cost.total_msats,
                 )
@@ -741,13 +804,17 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
 
             # Also update total_spent and reserved_balance on the child key if it's different
             if billing_key.hashed_key != key.hashed_key:
+                child_safe_reserved = case(
+                    (col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost,
+                     col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost),
+                    else_=0,
+                )
                 child_stmt = (
                     update(ApiKey)
                     .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == key.hashed_key)
                     .values(
                         total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + cost.total_msats,
-                        reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance)
-                        - deducted_max_cost,
+                        reserved_balance=child_safe_reserved,
                     )
                 )
                 await session.exec(child_stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
@@ -782,6 +849,24 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                         "model": model,
                     },
                 )
+                await _accumulate_fee(cost.total_msats)
+                payments_logger.info(
+                    "FINALIZE",
+                    extra={
+                        "event": "finalize",
+                        "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                        "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                        "model": model,
+                        "cost_reserved": deducted_max_cost,
+                        "cost_charged": cost.total_msats,
+                        "input_tokens": cost.input_tokens,
+                        "output_tokens": cost.output_tokens,
+                        "balance": billing_key.balance,
+                        "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+                        "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+                        "finalize_type": "max_cost",
+                    },
+                )
             return cost.dict()
 
         case CostData() as cost:
@@ -815,12 +900,32 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                         "model": model,
                     },
                 )
+                if billing_key.reserved_balance < deducted_max_cost:
+                    logger.error(
+                        "reserved_balance below deducted_max_cost on exact-cost finalization — clamping to 0",
+                        extra={
+                            "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+                            "deducted_max_cost": deducted_max_cost,
+                            "total_cost_msats": total_cost_msats,
+                            "balance": billing_key.balance,
+                            "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+                            "model": model,
+                        },
+                    )
+
+                exact_safe_reserved = case(
+                    (col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost,
+                     col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost),
+                    else_=0,
+                )
+
                 finalize_stmt = (
                     update(ApiKey)
                     .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == billing_key.hashed_key)
                     .values(
-                        reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance)
-                        - deducted_max_cost,
+                        reserved_balance=exact_safe_reserved,
                         balance=col(ApiKey.balance) - total_cost_msats,
                         total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + total_cost_msats,
                     )
@@ -829,13 +934,17 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
 
                 # Also update total_spent and reserved_balance on the child key if it's different
                 if billing_key.hashed_key != key.hashed_key:
+                    child_exact_safe_reserved = case(
+                        (col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost,
+                         col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost),
+                        else_=0,
+                    )
                     child_stmt = (
                         update(ApiKey)
                         .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == key.hashed_key)
                         .values(
                             total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + total_cost_msats,
-                            reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance)
-                            - deducted_max_cost,
+                            reserved_balance=child_exact_safe_reserved,
                         )
                     )
                     await session.exec(child_stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
@@ -844,44 +953,56 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                 await session.refresh(billing_key)
                 if billing_key.hashed_key != key.hashed_key:
                     await session.refresh(key)
-                return cost.dict()
-
-            # this should never happen why do we handle this???
-            if cost_difference > 0:
-                # Need to charge more than reserved, finalize by releasing reservation and charging total
-                logger.info(
-                    "Additional charge required for token usage",
+                await _accumulate_fee(total_cost_msats)
+                payments_logger.info(
+                    "FINALIZE",
                     extra={
+                        "event": "finalize",
                         "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
                         "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
-                        "additional_charge": cost_difference,
-                        "current_balance": billing_key.balance,
-                        "sufficient_balance": billing_key.balance >= cost_difference,
                         "model": model,
+                        "cost_reserved": deducted_max_cost,
+                        "cost_charged": total_cost_msats,
+                        "input_tokens": cost.input_tokens,
+                        "output_tokens": cost.output_tokens,
+                        "balance": billing_key.balance,
+                        "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+                        "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+                        "finalize_type": "exact",
                     },
                 )
+                return cost.dict()
+
+            # actual cost exceeded discounted reservation (due to tolerance_percentage)
+            if cost_difference > 0:
+                # Always release the reservation and charge min(actual_cost, balance).
+                # Using a CASE expression makes this a single atomic UPDATE — no
+                # multi-level fallback needed and balance can never go negative.
+                chargeable = case(
+                    (col(ApiKey.balance) >= total_cost_msats, total_cost_msats),
+                    else_=col(ApiKey.balance),
+                )
 
                 finalize_stmt = (
                     update(ApiKey)
                     .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == billing_key.hashed_key)
+                    .where(col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost)
                     .values(
-                        reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance)
-                        - deducted_max_cost,
-                        balance=col(ApiKey.balance) - total_cost_msats,
-                        total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + total_cost_msats,
+                        reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost,
+                        balance=col(ApiKey.balance) - chargeable,
+                        total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + chargeable,
                     )
                 )
                 result = await session.exec(finalize_stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
 
-                # Also update total_spent and reserved_balance on the child key if it's different
                 if billing_key.hashed_key != key.hashed_key:
                     child_stmt = (
                         update(ApiKey)
                         .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == key.hashed_key)
+                        .where(col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost)
                         .values(
-                            total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + total_cost_msats,
-                            reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance)
-                            - deducted_max_cost,
+                            reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost,
+                            total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + min(billing_key.balance, total_cost_msats),
                         )
                     )
                     await session.exec(child_stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
@@ -889,11 +1010,10 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                 await session.commit()
 
                 if result.rowcount:
-                    cost.total_msats = total_cost_msats
                     await session.refresh(billing_key)
                     if billing_key.hashed_key != key.hashed_key:
                         await session.refresh(key)
-
+                    cost.total_msats = total_cost_msats
                     logger.info(
                         "Finalized payment with additional charge",
                         extra={
@@ -904,9 +1024,29 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                             "model": model,
                         },
                     )
+                    await _accumulate_fee(total_cost_msats)
+                    payments_logger.info(
+                        "FINALIZE",
+                        extra={
+                            "event": "finalize",
+                            "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "model": model,
+                            "cost_reserved": deducted_max_cost,
+                            "cost_charged": total_cost_msats,
+                            "input_tokens": cost.input_tokens,
+                            "output_tokens": cost.output_tokens,
+                            "balance": billing_key.balance,
+                            "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+                            "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+                            "finalize_type": "overrun",
+                        },
+                    )
                 else:
+                    # Guard fired: reservation was already released by a concurrent
+                    # finalization for this key. Nothing left to do.
                     logger.warning(
-                        "Failed to finalize additional charge - releasing reservation",
+                        "Finalization skipped - reservation already released",
                         extra={
                             "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
                             "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
@@ -914,7 +1054,6 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                             "model": model,
                         },
                     )
-                    await release_reservation_only()
             else:
                 # Refund some of the base cost
                 refund = abs(cost_difference)
@@ -929,12 +1068,33 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                     },
                 )
 
+                if billing_key.reserved_balance < deducted_max_cost:
+                    logger.error(
+                        "reserved_balance below deducted_max_cost on refund finalization — clamping to 0",
+                        extra={
+                            "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+                            "deducted_max_cost": deducted_max_cost,
+                            "total_cost_msats": total_cost_msats,
+                            "refund_amount": refund,
+                            "balance": billing_key.balance,
+                            "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+                            "model": model,
+                        },
+                    )
+
+                refund_safe_reserved = case(
+                    (col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost,
+                     col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost),
+                    else_=0,
+                )
+
                 refund_stmt = (
                     update(ApiKey)
                     .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == billing_key.hashed_key)
                     .values(
-                        reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance)
-                        - deducted_max_cost,
+                        reserved_balance=refund_safe_reserved,
                         balance=col(ApiKey.balance) - total_cost_msats,
                         total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + total_cost_msats,
                     )
@@ -943,13 +1103,17 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
 
                 # Also update total_spent and reserved_balance on the child key if it's different
                 if billing_key.hashed_key != key.hashed_key:
+                    child_refund_safe_reserved = case(
+                        (col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) >= deducted_max_cost,
+                         col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) - deducted_max_cost),
+                        else_=0,
+                    )
                     child_stmt = (
                         update(ApiKey)
                         .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == key.hashed_key)
                         .values(
                             total_spent=col(ApiKey.total_spent) + total_cost_msats,
-                            reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance)
-                            - deducted_max_cost,
+                            reserved_balance=child_refund_safe_reserved,
                         )
                     )
                     await session.exec(child_stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
@@ -986,6 +1150,25 @@ async def adjust_payment_for_tokens(
                             "model": model,
                         },
                     )
+                    await _accumulate_fee(total_cost_msats)
+                    payments_logger.info(
+                        "FINALIZE",
+                        extra={
+                            "event": "finalize",
+                            "key_hash": key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "billing_key_hash": billing_key.hashed_key[:8] + "...",
+                            "model": model,
+                            "cost_reserved": deducted_max_cost,
+                            "cost_charged": total_cost_msats,
+                            "refunded": refund,
+                            "input_tokens": cost.input_tokens,
+                            "output_tokens": cost.output_tokens,
+                            "balance": billing_key.balance,
+                            "reserved_balance": billing_key.reserved_balance,
+                            "total_spent": billing_key.total_spent,
+                            "finalize_type": "refund",
+                        },
+                    )
 
             return cost.dict()
 

routstr/balance.py

@@ -7,10 +7,16 @@ from typing import Annotated, NoReturn
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, Header, HTTPException
 from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
 from pydantic import BaseModel
-from sqlmodel import select
+from sqlmodel import col, select, update
 
 from .auth import get_billing_key, validate_bearer_key
-from .core.db import ApiKey, AsyncSession, CashuTransaction, get_session
+from .core.db import (
+    ApiKey,
+    AsyncSession,
+    CashuTransaction,
+    get_session,
+    store_cashu_transaction,
+)
 from .core.logging import get_logger
 from .core.settings import settings
 from .lightning import lightning_router
@@ -205,6 +211,26 @@ async def _refund_cache_set(authorization: str, value: dict[str, str]) -> None:
         _refund_cache[key] = (expiry, value)
 
 
+async def _restore_balance(
+    session: AsyncSession, hashed_key: str, balance: int, reserved_balance: int
+) -> None:
+    """Restore balance after a failed refund mint attempt."""
+    restore_stmt = (
+        update(ApiKey)
+        .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == hashed_key)
+        .values(
+            balance=col(ApiKey.balance) + balance,
+            reserved_balance=col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) + reserved_balance,
+        )
+    )
+    await session.exec(restore_stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
+    await session.commit()
+    logger.info(
+        "refund_wallet_endpoint: balance restored after mint failure",
+        extra={"hashed_key": hashed_key, "restored_balance": balance},
+    )
+
+
 @router.post("/refund", response_model=None)
 async def refund_wallet_endpoint(
     authorization: Annotated[str | None, Header()] = None,
@@ -286,7 +312,31 @@ async def refund_wallet_endpoint(
     elif remaining_balance <= 0:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="No balance to refund")
 
-    # Perform refund operation first, before modifying balance
+    # Capture values before debit — the session may refresh key after commit
+    pre_debit_balance = key.balance
+    pre_debit_reserved = key.reserved_balance
+
+    # --- DEBIT FIRST: atomically zero the balance before minting tokens ---
+    # This prevents the race where a concurrent topup/spend happens between
+    # reading the balance and minting the refund token (double-spend).
+    debit_stmt = (
+        update(ApiKey)
+        .where(col(ApiKey.hashed_key) == key.hashed_key)
+        .where(col(ApiKey.balance) == pre_debit_balance)
+        .where(col(ApiKey.reserved_balance) == pre_debit_reserved)
+        .values(balance=0, reserved_balance=0)
+    )
+    debit_result = await session.exec(debit_stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
+    await session.commit()
+
+    if debit_result.rowcount == 0:
+        # Balance changed between read and debit — another request is active
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=409,
+            detail="Balance changed concurrently. Please retry the refund.",
+        )
+
+    # --- MINT: balance is locked at zero, safe to create the refund token ---
     try:
         if key.refund_address:
             from .core.settings import settings as global_settings
@@ -310,11 +360,24 @@ async def refund_wallet_endpoint(
         else:
             result["msats"] = str(remaining_balance_msats)
 
+        if "token" in result:
+            logger.info(
+                "refund_wallet_endpoint: cashu token issued",
+                extra={
+                    "path": "/v1/wallet/refund",
+                    "token": result["token"],
+                    "amount": remaining_balance,
+                    "currency": key.refund_currency or "sat",
+                },
+            )
+
     except HTTPException:
-        # Re-raise HTTP exceptions (like 400 for balance too small)
+        # Minting failed — restore the debited balance
+        await _restore_balance(session, key.hashed_key, pre_debit_balance, pre_debit_reserved)
         raise
     except Exception as e:
-        # If refund fails, don't modify the database
+        # Minting failed — restore the debited balance
+        await _restore_balance(session, key.hashed_key, pre_debit_balance, pre_debit_reserved)
         error_msg = str(e)
         if (
             "mint" in error_msg.lower()
@@ -328,23 +391,67 @@ async def refund_wallet_endpoint(
 
     await _refund_cache_set(bearer_value, result)
 
-    previous_reserved_balance = key.reserved_balance
-    key.balance = 0
-    key.reserved_balance = 0
-    session.add(key)
-    await session.commit()
+    if "token" in result:
+        try:
+            await store_cashu_transaction(
+                token=result["token"],
+                amount=remaining_balance,
+                unit=key.refund_currency or "sat",
+                mint_url=key.refund_mint_url,
+                typ="out",
+                collected=False,
+                source="apikey",
+                api_key_hashed_key=key.hashed_key,
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            pass  # store_cashu_transaction already logs
 
     logger.info(
         "refund_wallet_endpoint: refund successful",
         extra={
             "refunded_msats": remaining_balance_msats,
-            "previous_reserved_balance": previous_reserved_balance,
+            "previous_reserved_balance": key.reserved_balance,
         },
     )
 
     return result
 
 
+@router.get("/history")
+async def wallet_history(
+    key: ApiKey = Depends(get_key_from_header),
+    session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_session),
+) -> dict[str, list[dict[str, str | int | bool | None]]]:
+    if key.parent_key_hash:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=400,
+            detail="Cannot view child key history. Please use the parent key instead.",
+        )
+
+    result = await session.exec(
+        select(CashuTransaction)
+        .where(CashuTransaction.api_key_hashed_key == key.hashed_key)
+        .order_by(col(CashuTransaction.created_at).desc())
+    )
+    transactions = result.all()
+    return {
+        "transactions": [
+            {
+                "id": tx.id,
+                "type": tx.type,
+                "source": tx.source,
+                "amount": tx.amount,
+                "unit": tx.unit,
+                "mint_url": tx.mint_url,
+                "created_at": tx.created_at,
+                "collected": tx.collected,
+                "swept": tx.swept,
+            }
+            for tx in transactions
+        ]
+    }
+
+
 @router.post("/donate")
 async def donate(token: str, ref: str | None = None) -> str:
     try:

routstr/core/admin.py

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 from sqlmodel import select
 
 from ..payment.models import _row_to_model, list_models
-from ..proxy import refresh_model_maps, reinitialize_upstreams
+from ..proxy import refresh_model_maps, reinitialize_upstreams, sync_provider_fees
 from ..wallet import (
     fetch_all_balances,
     get_proofs_per_mint_and_unit,
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ from ..wallet import (
 from .db import (
     ApiKey,
     CashuTransaction,
+    CliToken,
     ModelRow,
     UpstreamProviderRow,
     create_session,
@@ -38,12 +39,27 @@ ADMIN_SESSION_DURATION = 3600
 MAX_USAGE_ANALYTICS_HOURS = 365 * 24
 
 
-def require_admin_api(request: Request) -> None:
+async def require_admin_api(request: Request) -> None:
     auth_header = request.headers.get("Authorization")
-    if auth_header and auth_header.startswith("Bearer "):
-        token = auth_header.split(" ", 1)[1]
-        expiry = admin_sessions.get(token)
-        if expiry and expiry > int(datetime.now(timezone.utc).timestamp()):
+    if not auth_header or not auth_header.startswith("Bearer "):
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="Unauthorized")
+
+    token = auth_header.split(" ", 1)[1]
+    now_ts = int(datetime.now(timezone.utc).timestamp())
+
+    # 1) Short-lived session token (in-memory)
+    expiry = admin_sessions.get(token)
+    if expiry and expiry > now_ts:
+        return
+
+    # 2) Long-lived CLI token (DB-backed)
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        result = await session.exec(select(CliToken).where(CliToken.token == token))
+        cli_token = result.first()
+        if cli_token and (cli_token.expires_at is None or cli_token.expires_at > now_ts):
+            cli_token.last_used_at = now_ts
+            session.add(cli_token)
+            await session.commit()
             return
 
     raise HTTPException(status_code=403, detail="Unauthorized")
@@ -242,6 +258,73 @@ async def admin_logout(request: Request) -> dict[str, object]:
     return {"ok": True}
 
 
+# ─── CLI Tokens (long-lived bearer tokens for CLI/agent use) ───
+
+
+class CliTokenCreate(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    expires_in_days: int | None = None
+
+
+@admin_router.get("/api/cli-tokens", dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)])
+async def list_cli_tokens() -> list[dict[str, object]]:
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        result = await session.exec(select(CliToken))
+        tokens = result.all()
+    return [
+        {
+            "id": t.id,
+            "name": t.name,
+            "token_preview": f"{t.token[:8]}...{t.token[-4:]}",
+            "created_at": t.created_at,
+            "last_used_at": t.last_used_at,
+            "expires_at": t.expires_at,
+        }
+        for t in tokens
+    ]
+
+
+@admin_router.post("/api/cli-tokens", dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)])
+async def create_cli_token(payload: CliTokenCreate) -> dict[str, object]:
+    name = (payload.name or "").strip()
+    if not name:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Name is required")
+
+    raw_token = secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+    expires_at: int | None = None
+    if payload.expires_in_days is not None and payload.expires_in_days > 0:
+        expires_at = int(datetime.now(timezone.utc).timestamp()) + (
+            payload.expires_in_days * 86400
+        )
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        cli_token = CliToken(token=raw_token, name=name, expires_at=expires_at)
+        session.add(cli_token)
+        await session.commit()
+        await session.refresh(cli_token)
+
+    return {
+        "id": cli_token.id,
+        "name": cli_token.name,
+        "token": raw_token,  # full token returned only on creation
+        "created_at": cli_token.created_at,
+        "expires_at": cli_token.expires_at,
+    }
+
+
+@admin_router.delete(
+    "/api/cli-tokens/{token_id}", dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)]
+)
+async def revoke_cli_token(token_id: str) -> dict[str, object]:
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        cli_token = await session.get(CliToken, token_id)
+        if not cli_token:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Token not found")
+        await session.delete(cli_token)
+        await session.commit()
+    return {"ok": True, "deleted_id": token_id}
+
+
 class WithdrawRequest(BaseModel):
     amount: int
     mint_url: str | None = None
@@ -295,6 +378,7 @@ class ModelCreate(BaseModel):
     canonical_slug: str | None = None
     alias_ids: list[str] | None = None
     enabled: bool = True
+    forwarded_model_id: str | None = None
 
 
 @admin_router.post(
@@ -339,6 +423,7 @@ async def upsert_provider_model(
                 json.dumps(payload.alias_ids) if payload.alias_ids else None
             )
             existing_row.enabled = payload.enabled
+            existing_row.forwarded_model_id = payload.forwarded_model_id or payload.id
 
             session.add(existing_row)
             await session.commit()
@@ -371,6 +456,7 @@ async def upsert_provider_model(
                 ),
                 upstream_provider_id=provider_id,
                 enabled=payload.enabled,
+                forwarded_model_id=payload.forwarded_model_id or payload.id,
             )
             session.add(row)
             await session.commit()
@@ -553,6 +639,7 @@ class UpstreamProviderCreate(BaseModel):
     api_version: str | None = None
     enabled: bool = True
     provider_fee: float = 1.01
+    provider_fee_default: float | None = None
     provider_settings: dict | None = None
 
 
@@ -563,29 +650,37 @@ class UpstreamProviderUpdate(BaseModel):
     api_version: str | None = None
     enabled: bool | None = None
     provider_fee: float | None = None
+    provider_fee_default: float | None = None
     provider_settings: dict | None = None
 
 
+def _provider_to_dict(
+    p: UpstreamProviderRow, redact_key: bool = True
+) -> dict[str, object]:
+    return {
+        "id": p.id,
+        "provider_type": p.provider_type,
+        "base_url": p.base_url,
+        "api_key": "[REDACTED]" if (redact_key and p.api_key) else (p.api_key or ""),
+        "api_version": p.api_version,
+        "enabled": p.enabled,
+        "provider_fee": p.provider_fee,
+        "provider_fee_default": p.provider_fee_default,
+        "provider_settings": json.loads(p.provider_settings)
+        if p.provider_settings
+        else None,
+        "provider_fee_schedules": json.loads(p.provider_fee_schedules)
+        if p.provider_fee_schedules
+        else [],
+    }
+
+
 @admin_router.get("/api/upstream-providers", dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)])
 async def get_upstream_providers() -> list[dict[str, object]]:
     async with create_session() as session:
         result = await session.exec(select(UpstreamProviderRow))
         providers = result.all()
-        return [
-            {
-                "id": p.id,
-                "provider_type": p.provider_type,
-                "base_url": p.base_url,
-                "api_key": "[REDACTED]" if p.api_key else "",
-                "api_version": p.api_version,
-                "enabled": p.enabled,
-                "provider_fee": p.provider_fee,
-                "provider_settings": json.loads(p.provider_settings)
-                if p.provider_settings
-                else None,
-            }
-            for p in providers
-        ]
+        return [_provider_to_dict(p) for p in providers]
 
 
 @admin_router.post("/api/upstream-providers", dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)])
@@ -612,6 +707,9 @@ async def create_upstream_provider(
             api_version=payload.api_version,
             enabled=payload.enabled,
             provider_fee=payload.provider_fee,
+            provider_fee_default=payload.provider_fee_default
+            if payload.provider_fee_default is not None
+            else payload.provider_fee,
             provider_settings=json.dumps(payload.provider_settings)
             if payload.provider_settings
             else None,
@@ -621,17 +719,7 @@ async def create_upstream_provider(
         await session.refresh(provider)
 
     await reinitialize_upstreams()
-    await refresh_model_maps()
-    return {
-        "id": provider.id,
-        "provider_type": provider.provider_type,
-        "base_url": provider.base_url,
-        "api_key": "[REDACTED]",
-        "api_version": provider.api_version,
-        "enabled": provider.enabled,
-        "provider_fee": provider.provider_fee,
-        "provider_settings": payload.provider_settings,
-    }
+    return _provider_to_dict(provider)
 
 
 @admin_router.get(
@@ -642,18 +730,7 @@ async def get_upstream_provider(provider_id: int) -> dict[str, object]:
         provider = await session.get(UpstreamProviderRow, provider_id)
         if not provider:
             raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Provider not found")
-        return {
-            "id": provider.id,
-            "provider_type": provider.provider_type,
-            "base_url": provider.base_url,
-            "api_key": "[REDACTED]" if provider.api_key else "",
-            "api_version": provider.api_version,
-            "enabled": provider.enabled,
-            "provider_fee": provider.provider_fee,
-            "provider_settings": json.loads(provider.provider_settings)
-            if provider.provider_settings
-            else None,
-        }
+        return _provider_to_dict(provider)
 
 
 @admin_router.patch(
@@ -679,6 +756,8 @@ async def update_upstream_provider(
             provider.enabled = payload.enabled
         if payload.provider_fee is not None:
             provider.provider_fee = payload.provider_fee
+        if payload.provider_fee_default is not None:
+            provider.provider_fee_default = payload.provider_fee_default
         if payload.provider_settings is not None:
             provider.provider_settings = json.dumps(payload.provider_settings)
 
@@ -687,19 +766,7 @@ async def update_upstream_provider(
         await session.refresh(provider)
 
     await reinitialize_upstreams()
-    await refresh_model_maps()
-    return {
-        "id": provider.id,
-        "provider_type": provider.provider_type,
-        "base_url": provider.base_url,
-        "api_key": "[REDACTED]",
-        "api_version": provider.api_version,
-        "enabled": provider.enabled,
-        "provider_fee": provider.provider_fee,
-        "provider_settings": json.loads(provider.provider_settings)
-        if provider.provider_settings
-        else None,
-    }
+    return _provider_to_dict(provider)
 
 
 @admin_router.delete(
@@ -717,6 +784,78 @@ async def delete_upstream_provider(provider_id: int) -> dict[str, object]:
     return {"ok": True, "deleted_id": provider_id}
 
 
+@admin_router.get(
+    "/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)],
+)
+async def get_fee_schedules(provider_id: int) -> list[dict]:
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        provider = await session.get(UpstreamProviderRow, provider_id)
+        if not provider:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Provider not found")
+        return (
+            json.loads(provider.provider_fee_schedules)
+            if provider.provider_fee_schedules
+            else []
+        )
+
+
+class FeeScheduleUpdate(BaseModel):
+    schedules: list[dict]
+
+
+@admin_router.put(
+    "/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)],
+)
+async def update_fee_schedules(
+    provider_id: int, payload: FeeScheduleUpdate
+) -> list[dict]:
+    from ..payment.fee_schedule import FeeTimeRange, validate_no_overlaps
+
+    try:
+        ranges = [FeeTimeRange(**s) for s in payload.schedules]
+    except Exception as e:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"Invalid schedule data: {e}")
+
+    try:
+        validate_no_overlaps(ranges)
+    except ValueError as e:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(e))
+
+    serialized = [r.dict() for r in ranges]
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        provider = await session.get(UpstreamProviderRow, provider_id)
+        if not provider:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Provider not found")
+        provider.provider_fee_schedules = json.dumps(serialized)
+        session.add(provider)
+        await session.commit()
+
+    await sync_provider_fees()
+    await refresh_model_maps()
+    return serialized
+
+
+@admin_router.delete(
+    "/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+    dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)],
+)
+async def delete_fee_schedules(provider_id: int) -> dict:
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        provider = await session.get(UpstreamProviderRow, provider_id)
+        if not provider:
+            raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Provider not found")
+        provider.provider_fee_schedules = None
+        session.add(provider)
+        await session.commit()
+
+    await sync_provider_fees()
+    await refresh_model_maps()
+    return {"ok": True}
+
+
 @admin_router.get("/api/provider-types", dependencies=[Depends(require_admin_api)])
 async def get_provider_types() -> list[dict[str, object]]:
     """Get metadata about available provider types including default URLs and whether they're fixed."""
@@ -1332,41 +1471,56 @@ async def get_transactions_api(
     type: str | None = None,
     status: str | None = None,
     search: str | None = None,
-    limit: int = 100,
+    source: str | None = None,
+    limit: int = 50,
+    offset: int = 0,
 ) -> dict:
     async with create_session() as session:
-        from sqlmodel import col
+        from sqlmodel import col, func
 
-        stmt = select(CashuTransaction)
+        base = select(CashuTransaction)
         if type:
-            stmt = stmt.where(CashuTransaction.type == type)
+            base = base.where(CashuTransaction.type == type)
+        if source:
+            if source == "x-cashu":
+                base = base.where(
+                    (CashuTransaction.source == "x-cashu")
+                    | (CashuTransaction.source == None)  # noqa: E711
+                )
+            else:
+                base = base.where(CashuTransaction.source == source)
         if status:
             if status == "collected":
-                stmt = stmt.where(CashuTransaction.collected == True)  # noqa: E712
+                base = base.where(CashuTransaction.collected == True)  # noqa: E712
             elif status == "swept":
-                stmt = stmt.where(CashuTransaction.swept == True)  # noqa: E712
+                base = base.where(CashuTransaction.swept == True)  # noqa: E712
             elif status == "pending":
-                stmt = stmt.where(
+                base = base.where(
                     CashuTransaction.collected == False,  # noqa: E712
                     CashuTransaction.swept == False,  # noqa: E712
                 )
 
         if search:
             search_pattern = f"%{search}%"
-            stmt = stmt.where(
+            base = base.where(
                 (col(CashuTransaction.id).like(search_pattern))
                 | (col(CashuTransaction.token).like(search_pattern))
                 | (col(CashuTransaction.request_id).like(search_pattern))
+                | (col(CashuTransaction.api_key_hashed_key).like(search_pattern))
             )
 
-        stmt = stmt.order_by(col(CashuTransaction.created_at).desc()).limit(limit)
+        count_result = await session.exec(
+            select(func.count()).select_from(base.subquery())
+        )
+        total = count_result.one()
 
+        stmt = base.order_by(col(CashuTransaction.created_at).desc()).offset(offset).limit(limit)
         results = await session.exec(stmt)
         transactions = results.all()
 
         return {
             "transactions": [tx.dict() for tx in transactions],
-            "total": len(transactions),
+            "total": total,
         }
 
 

routstr/core/db.py

@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ from alembic import command
 from alembic.config import Config
 from alembic.util.exc import CommandError
 from sqlalchemy import UniqueConstraint
+from sqlalchemy.exc import OperationalError
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio.engine import create_async_engine
-from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, SQLModel, func, select, update
+from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, SQLModel, col, func, select, update
 from sqlmodel.ext.asyncio.session import AsyncSession
 
 from .logging import get_logger
@@ -105,6 +106,10 @@ class ModelRow(SQLModel, table=True):  # type: ignore
         default=None, description="JSON array of model alias IDs"
     )
     enabled: bool = Field(default=True, description="Whether this model is enabled")
+    forwarded_model_id: str | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description="Model ID to use when forwarding requests to upstream provider. Defaults to id if not set.",
+    )
     upstream_provider: "UpstreamProviderRow" = Relationship(back_populates="models")
 
 
@@ -150,6 +155,16 @@ class CashuTransaction(SQLModel, table=True):  # type: ignore
     )
     collected: bool = Field(default=False)
     swept: bool = Field(default=False)
+    source: str = Field(
+        default="x-cashu",
+        description="Payment source: x-cashu or apikey",
+    )
+    api_key_hashed_key: str | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        foreign_key="api_keys.hashed_key",
+        index=True,
+        description="Associated API key hash for wallet history",
+    )
 
 
 async def store_cashu_transaction(
@@ -161,6 +176,8 @@ async def store_cashu_transaction(
     request_id: str | None = None,
     collected: bool = False,
     created_at: int | None = None,
+    source: str = "x-cashu",
+    api_key_hashed_key: str | None = None,
 ) -> None:
     try:
         async with create_session() as session:
@@ -173,6 +190,8 @@ async def store_cashu_transaction(
                 request_id=request_id,
                 collected=collected,
                 created_at=created_at or int(time.time()),
+                source=source,
+                api_key_hashed_key=api_key_hashed_key,
             )
             session.add(tx)
             await session.commit()
@@ -201,17 +220,83 @@ class UpstreamProviderRow(SQLModel, table=True):  # type: ignore
     )
     enabled: bool = Field(default=True, description="Whether this provider is enabled")
     provider_fee: float = Field(
-        default=1.01, description="Provider fee multiplier (default 1%)"
+        default=1.01, description="Active fee multiplier (can be set by schedule)"
+    )
+    provider_fee_default: float = Field(
+        default=1.01, description="Default fee multiplier (outside schedules)"
     )
     provider_settings: str | None = Field(
         default=None, description="JSON string for provider-specific settings"
     )
+    provider_fee_schedules: str | None = Field(
+        default=None, description="JSON array of fee time ranges (HH:MM UTC)"
+    )
     models: list["ModelRow"] = Relationship(
         back_populates="upstream_provider",
         sa_relationship_kwargs={"cascade": "all, delete-orphan"},
     )
 
 
+class RoutstrFee(SQLModel, table=True):  # type: ignore
+    __tablename__ = "routstr_fees"
+    id: int = Field(default=1, primary_key=True)
+    accumulated_msats: int = Field(default=0)
+    total_paid_msats: int = Field(default=0)
+    last_paid_at: int | None = Field(default=None)
+
+
+class CliToken(SQLModel, table=True):  # type: ignore
+    """Long-lived authorization token for CLI/agent use against admin endpoints."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "cli_tokens"
+    id: str = Field(
+        primary_key=True, default_factory=lambda: uuid.uuid4().hex
+    )
+    token: str = Field(unique=True, index=True, description="Bearer token value")
+    name: str = Field(description="Human-readable label for this token")
+    created_at: int = Field(default_factory=lambda: int(time.time()))
+    last_used_at: int | None = Field(default=None)
+    expires_at: int | None = Field(
+        default=None, description="Optional expiry unix timestamp; null = never expires"
+    )
+
+
+async def accumulate_routstr_fee(session: AsyncSession, amount_msats: int) -> None:
+    stmt = (
+        update(RoutstrFee)
+        .where(col(RoutstrFee.id) == 1)
+        .values(accumulated_msats=RoutstrFee.accumulated_msats + amount_msats)
+    )
+    result = await session.exec(stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
+    if result.rowcount == 0:
+        session.add(RoutstrFee(id=1, accumulated_msats=amount_msats))
+    await session.commit()
+
+
+async def get_routstr_fee(session: AsyncSession) -> RoutstrFee:
+    fee = await session.get(RoutstrFee, 1)
+    if fee is None:
+        fee = RoutstrFee(id=1, accumulated_msats=0, total_paid_msats=0)
+        session.add(fee)
+        await session.commit()
+        await session.refresh(fee)
+    return fee
+
+
+async def reset_routstr_fee(session: AsyncSession, paid_msats: int) -> None:
+    stmt = (
+        update(RoutstrFee)
+        .where(col(RoutstrFee.id) == 1)
+        .values(
+            accumulated_msats=RoutstrFee.accumulated_msats - paid_msats,
+            total_paid_msats=RoutstrFee.total_paid_msats + paid_msats,
+            last_paid_at=int(time.time()),
+        )
+    )
+    await session.exec(stmt)  # type: ignore[call-overload]
+    await session.commit()
+
+
 async def balances_for_mint_and_unit(
     db_session: AsyncSession, mint_url: str, unit: str
 ) -> int:
@@ -327,6 +412,17 @@ def run_migrations() -> None:
                 command.stamp(alembic_cfg, "head")
             else:
                 raise
+        except OperationalError as e:
+            if "duplicate column name" in str(e).lower():
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Migration hit a column that already exists (likely added via "
+                    "create_all on another branch). Stamping to current head.",
+                    extra={"error": str(e)},
+                )
+                _clear_alembic_version()
+                command.stamp(alembic_cfg, "head")
+            else:
+                raise
 
         logger.info("Database migrations completed successfully")
 

routstr/core/main.py

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ from ..payment.models import models_router, update_sats_pricing
 from ..payment.price import update_prices_periodically
 from ..proxy import initialize_upstreams, proxy_router, refresh_model_maps_periodically
 from ..upstream.auto_topup import periodic_auto_topup
-from ..wallet import periodic_payout, periodic_refund_sweep
+from ..wallet import periodic_payout, periodic_refund_sweep, periodic_routstr_fee_payout
 from .admin import admin_router
 from .db import create_session, init_db, run_migrations
 from .exceptions import general_exception_handler, http_exception_handler
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ setup_logging()
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 if os.getenv("VERSION_SUFFIX") is not None:
-    __version__ = f"0.4.1-{os.getenv('VERSION_SUFFIX')}"
+    __version__ = f"0.4.3-{os.getenv('VERSION_SUFFIX')}"
 else:
-    __version__ = "0.4.1"
+    __version__ = "0.4.3"
 
 
 @asynccontextmanager
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ async def lifespan(_: FastAPI) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
     key_reset_task = None
     auto_topup_task = None
     refund_sweep_task = None
+    routstr_fee_task = None
 
     try:
         # Run database migrations on startup
@@ -102,8 +103,11 @@ async def lifespan(_: FastAPI) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
         btc_price_task = asyncio.create_task(update_prices_periodically())
         pricing_task = asyncio.create_task(update_sats_pricing())
         if global_settings.models_refresh_interval_seconds > 0:
+            # Pass the accessor (not its current value) so the loop sees providers
+            # added/changed via reinitialize_upstreams() instead of staying pinned
+            # to the startup snapshot.
             models_refresh_task = asyncio.create_task(
-                refresh_upstreams_models_periodically(get_upstreams())
+                refresh_upstreams_models_periodically(get_upstreams)
             )
         model_maps_refresh_task = asyncio.create_task(refresh_model_maps_periodically())
         payout_task = asyncio.create_task(periodic_payout())
@@ -115,6 +119,7 @@ async def lifespan(_: FastAPI) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
         key_reset_task = asyncio.create_task(periodic_key_reset())
         auto_topup_task = asyncio.create_task(periodic_auto_topup())
         refund_sweep_task = asyncio.create_task(periodic_refund_sweep())
+        routstr_fee_task = asyncio.create_task(periodic_routstr_fee_payout())
 
         yield
 
@@ -152,6 +157,8 @@ async def lifespan(_: FastAPI) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
             auto_topup_task.cancel()
         if refund_sweep_task is not None:
             refund_sweep_task.cancel()
+        if routstr_fee_task is not None:
+            routstr_fee_task.cancel()
 
         try:
             tasks_to_wait = []
@@ -177,6 +184,8 @@ async def lifespan(_: FastAPI) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
                 tasks_to_wait.append(auto_topup_task)
             if refund_sweep_task is not None:
                 tasks_to_wait.append(refund_sweep_task)
+            if routstr_fee_task is not None:
+                tasks_to_wait.append(routstr_fee_task)
 
             if tasks_to_wait:
                 await asyncio.gather(*tasks_to_wait, return_exceptions=True)

routstr/core/middleware.py

@@ -38,11 +38,6 @@ class LoggingMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
             except Exception:
                 pass
 
-        # Extract request info
-        client_host = None
-        if request.client:
-            client_host = request.client.host
-
         # Log incoming request
         logger.info(
             "Incoming request",
@@ -51,7 +46,6 @@ class LoggingMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
                 "method": request.method,
                 "path": request.url.path,
                 "query_params": dict(request.query_params),
-                "client_host": client_host,
                 "headers": {
                     k: v
                     for k, v in request.headers.items()
@@ -100,7 +94,6 @@ class LoggingMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
                     "path": request.url.path,
                     "status_code": response.status_code,
                     "duration_ms": round(duration * 1000, 2),
-                    "client_host": client_host,
                 },
             )
             if hasattr(response, "headers"):
@@ -120,7 +113,6 @@ class LoggingMiddleware(BaseHTTPMiddleware):
                     "method": request.method,
                     "path": request.url.path,
                     "duration_ms": round(duration * 1000, 2),
-                    "client_host": client_host,
                     "error": str(e),
                     "error_type": type(e).__name__,
                 },

routstr/core/settings.py

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     enable_pricing_refresh: bool = Field(default=True, env="ENABLE_PRICING_REFRESH")
     enable_models_refresh: bool = Field(default=True, env="ENABLE_MODELS_REFRESH")
     refund_cache_ttl_seconds: int = Field(default=3600, env="REFUND_CACHE_TTL_SECONDS")
-    refund_sweep_ttl_seconds: int = Field(default=86400, env="REFUND_SWEEP_TTL_SECONDS")
+    refund_sweep_ttl_seconds: int = Field(default=604800, env="REFUND_SWEEP_TTL_SECONDS")
 
     # Logging
     log_level: str = Field(default="INFO", env="LOG_LEVEL")

routstr/payment/fee_schedule.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+"""Dynamic provider fee schedule logic.
+
+Supports time-based fee ranges (HH:MM UTC) with overlap validation and active fee resolution.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+
+from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel, validator
+
+_HH_MM_RE = re.compile(r"^([01]\d|2[0-3]):([0-5]\d)$")
+
+
+class FeeTimeRange(BaseModel):
+    start_time: str  # HH:MM UTC
+    end_time: str  # HH:MM UTC
+    provider_fee: float
+
+    @validator("start_time", "end_time")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_time_format(cls, v: str) -> str:
+        if not _HH_MM_RE.match(v):
+            raise ValueError(f"Time must be in HH:MM format (00:00–23:59), got: {v!r}")
+        return v
+
+    @validator("provider_fee")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_fee(cls, v: float) -> float:
+        if v <= 0:
+            raise ValueError(f"provider_fee must be > 0 (got {v})")
+        return v
+
+
+def _to_minutes(t: str) -> int:
+    h, m = map(int, t.split(":"))
+    return h * 60 + m
+
+
+def _range_intervals(r: FeeTimeRange) -> list[tuple[int, int]]:
+    """Return list of [start, end) minute intervals for this range.
+
+    Handles midnight-crossing (e.g. 22:00–06:00 → [(1320,1440),(0,360)]).
+    start == end is treated as a full-day range.
+    """
+    start = _to_minutes(r.start_time)
+    end = _to_minutes(r.end_time)
+    if start < end:
+        return [(start, end)]
+    if start > end:
+        return [(start, 1440), (0, end)]
+    # start == end → full day
+    return [(0, 1440)]
+
+
+def _intervals_overlap(a: tuple[int, int], b: tuple[int, int]) -> bool:
+    return a[0] < b[1] and b[0] < a[1]
+
+
+def ranges_overlap(a: FeeTimeRange, b: FeeTimeRange) -> bool:
+    """Return True if two fee time ranges overlap at any point in the day."""
+    for ia in _range_intervals(a):
+        for ib in _range_intervals(b):
+            if _intervals_overlap(ia, ib):
+                return True
+    return False
+
+
+def validate_no_overlaps(ranges: list[FeeTimeRange]) -> None:
+    """Raise ValueError if any two ranges in the list overlap."""
+    for i in range(len(ranges)):
+        for j in range(i + 1, len(ranges)):
+            if ranges_overlap(ranges[i], ranges[j]):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Fee ranges overlap: [{ranges[i].start_time}–{ranges[i].end_time}]"
+                    f" and [{ranges[j].start_time}–{ranges[j].end_time}]"
+                )
+
+
+def get_active_fee(
+    ranges: list[FeeTimeRange] | None,
+    default_fee: float,
+    *,
+    _now: datetime | None = None,
+) -> float:
+    """Return the provider fee for the current UTC time.
+
+    Falls back to *default_fee* when no range matches or *ranges* is empty/None.
+    The *_now* parameter is for testing only.
+    """
+    if not ranges or not isinstance(ranges, list):
+        return default_fee
+
+    now = _now if _now is not None else datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    # Normalize to UTC
+    if now.tzinfo is not None:
+        now = now.astimezone(timezone.utc)
+    current = now.hour * 60 + now.minute
+
+    for r in ranges:
+        start = _to_minutes(r.start_time)
+        end = _to_minutes(r.end_time)
+        if start < end:
+            if start <= current < end:
+                return r.provider_fee
+        elif start > end:  # midnight-crossing
+            if current >= start or current < end:
+                return r.provider_fee
+        else:  # full day (start == end)
+            return r.provider_fee
+
+    return default_fee

routstr/payment/models.py

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends
 from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel
 from sqlmodel.ext.asyncio.session import AsyncSession
 
-from ..core.db import ModelRow, get_session
+from ..core.db import ModelRow, UpstreamProviderRow, get_session
 from ..core.logging import get_logger
 from ..core.settings import settings
 from .price import sats_usd_price
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ class Model(BaseModel):
     upstream_provider_id: int | str | None = None
     canonical_slug: str | None = None
     alias_ids: list[str] | None = None
+    forwarded_model_id: str | None = None
 
     def __hash__(self) -> int:
         return hash(self.id)
@@ -177,6 +178,7 @@ def _row_to_model(
         upstream_provider_id=row.upstream_provider_id,
         canonical_slug=getattr(row, "canonical_slug", None),
         alias_ids=json.loads(row.alias_ids) if row.alias_ids else None,
+        forwarded_model_id=getattr(row, "forwarded_model_id", None) or row.id,
     )
 
     if apply_provider_fee:
@@ -329,6 +331,7 @@ def _update_model_sats_pricing(model: Model, sats_to_usd: float) -> Model:
             upstream_provider_id=model.upstream_provider_id,
             canonical_slug=model.canonical_slug,
             alias_ids=model.alias_ids,
+            forwarded_model_id=model.forwarded_model_id,
         )
     except Exception as e:
         logger.error(
@@ -402,6 +405,76 @@ async def update_sats_pricing() -> None:
             logger.error(f"Error updating sats pricing: {e}")
 
 
+class ModelTestRequest(BaseModel):
+    model_id: str
+    endpoint_type: str
+    request_data: dict
+
+
+@models_router.post("/api/models/test")
+async def test_model(
+    payload: ModelTestRequest,
+    session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_session),
+) -> dict:
+    """Test a model by sending a request through its configured upstream provider."""
+    from sqlmodel import select
+
+    result = await session.execute(
+        select(ModelRow).where(ModelRow.id == payload.model_id)
+    )
+    model_row = result.scalars().first()
+
+    if not model_row:
+        return {
+            "success": False,
+            "error": f"Model '{payload.model_id}' not found in database",
+            "status_code": 404,
+        }
+
+    provider = await session.get(UpstreamProviderRow, model_row.upstream_provider_id)
+    if not provider:
+        return {
+            "success": False,
+            "error": "Upstream provider not found",
+            "status_code": 404,
+        }
+
+    base_url = provider.base_url.rstrip("/")
+    if payload.endpoint_type == "chat-completions":
+        url = f"{base_url}/chat/completions"
+    else:
+        url = f"{base_url}/{payload.endpoint_type}"
+
+    actual_model_id = model_row.forwarded_model_id or model_row.id
+    request_data = dict(payload.request_data)
+    request_data["model"] = actual_model_id
+
+    headers = {
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+        "Authorization": f"Bearer {provider.api_key}",
+    }
+
+    try:
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0) as client:
+            response = await client.post(url, json=request_data, headers=headers)
+            try:
+                response_data = response.json()
+            except Exception:
+                response_data = {"raw": response.text}
+
+            return {
+                "success": response.status_code < 400,
+                "data": response_data,
+                "status_code": response.status_code,
+            }
+    except Exception as e:
+        return {
+            "success": False,
+            "error": str(e),
+            "status_code": 500,
+        }
+
+
 @models_router.get("/v1/models")
 @models_router.get("/v1/models/", include_in_schema=False)
 @models_router.get("/models")
@@ -411,4 +484,10 @@ async def models(session: AsyncSession = Depends(get_session)) -> dict:
     from ..proxy import get_unique_models
 
     items = get_unique_models()
-    return {"data": items}
+    data = []
+    for model in items:
+        m = model.dict()
+        if model.forwarded_model_id:
+            m["id"] = model.forwarded_model_id
+        data.append(m)
+    return {"data": data}

routstr/proxy.py

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ async def initialize_upstreams() -> None:
     global _upstreams
     _upstreams = await init_upstreams()
     logger.info(f"Initialized {len(_upstreams)} upstream providers")
+    await sync_provider_fees()
     await refresh_model_maps()
 
 
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ async def reinitialize_upstreams() -> None:
         "Re-initialized upstream providers from admin action",
         extra={"provider_count": len(_upstreams)},
     )
+    await sync_provider_fees()
     await refresh_model_maps()
 
 
@@ -69,7 +71,25 @@ def get_upstreams() -> list[BaseUpstreamProvider]:
 
 def get_model_instance(model_id: str) -> Model | None:
     """Get Model instance by ID from global cache."""
-    return _model_instances.get(model_id.lower())
+    if not model_id:
+        return None
+
+    model_id_lower = model_id.lower()
+    # Try exact match first
+    if model := _model_instances.get(model_id_lower):
+        return model
+
+    # Try stripping common version suffixes (e.g., -20251222)
+    # This handles cases where upstream returns a specific version
+    # but we only track the base model name.
+    import re
+
+    base_model_id = re.sub(r"-\d{8}$", "", model_id_lower)
+    if base_model_id != model_id_lower:
+        if model := _model_instances.get(base_model_id):
+            return model
+
+    return None
 
 
 def get_provider_for_model(model_id: str) -> list[BaseUpstreamProvider] | None:
@@ -100,6 +120,12 @@ async def refresh_model_maps() -> None:
     disabled_model_ids: set[str] = set()
 
     for provider in provider_rows:
+        # Match with instance in _upstreams to update its state from DB
+        for upstream in _upstreams:
+            if getattr(upstream, "db_id", None) == provider.id:
+                # This updates fee and merges DB models WITHOUT hitting network
+                await upstream.refresh_models_cache(skip_network=True)
+
         if not provider.enabled:
             continue
         for model in provider.models:
@@ -115,6 +141,39 @@ async def refresh_model_maps() -> None:
     )
 
 
+async def sync_provider_fees() -> None:
+    """Update active provider_fee in database based on schedules and defaults."""
+    from .payment.fee_schedule import FeeTimeRange, get_active_fee
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        result = await session.exec(select(UpstreamProviderRow))
+        provider_rows = result.all()
+
+        updated = False
+        for p in provider_rows:
+            schedules = None
+            if p.provider_fee_schedules:
+                try:
+                    schedules = [
+                        FeeTimeRange(**s) for s in json.loads(p.provider_fee_schedules)
+                    ]
+                except Exception:
+                    pass
+
+            active_fee = get_active_fee(schedules, p.provider_fee_default)
+            if p.provider_fee != active_fee:
+                logger.info(
+                    f"Updating active fee for provider {p.id}: {p.provider_fee} -> {active_fee}",
+                    extra={"provider_id": p.id, "active_fee": active_fee},
+                )
+                p.provider_fee = active_fee
+                session.add(p)
+                updated = True
+
+        if updated:
+            await session.commit()
+
+
 async def refresh_model_maps_periodically() -> None:
     """Background task to refresh model maps every minute."""
     import asyncio
@@ -122,6 +181,7 @@ async def refresh_model_maps_periodically() -> None:
     while True:
         try:
             await asyncio.sleep(60)
+            await sync_provider_fees()
             await refresh_model_maps()
         except asyncio.CancelledError:
             break
@@ -207,7 +267,7 @@ async def proxy(
 
     elif auth := headers.get("authorization", None):
         key = await get_bearer_token_key(
-            headers, path, session, auth, max_cost_for_model
+            headers, path, session, auth, max_cost_for_model, model_id
         )
 
     else:
@@ -387,7 +447,12 @@ async def proxy(
 
 
 async def get_bearer_token_key(
-    headers: dict, path: str, session: AsyncSession, auth: str, min_cost: int = 0
+    headers: dict,
+    path: str,
+    session: AsyncSession,
+    auth: str,
+    min_cost: int = 0,
+    model_id: str = "unknown",
 ) -> ApiKey:
     """Handle bearer token authentication proxy requests."""
     parts = auth.split()
@@ -457,11 +522,13 @@ async def get_bearer_token_key(
     except Exception as e:
         key_preview = bearer_key[:20] + "..." if len(bearer_key) > 20 else bearer_key
         logger.error(
-            f"Bearer token validation failed: {type(e).__name__}: {e} path={path} key={key_preview!r}",
+            f"Bearer token validation failed: {type(e).__name__}: {e} path={path} model={model_id!r} min_cost={min_cost} key={key_preview!r}",
             extra={
                 "error": str(e),
                 "error_type": type(e).__name__,
                 "path": path,
+                "model_id": model_id,
+                "min_cost_msat": min_cost,
                 "bearer_key_preview": key_preview,
             },
         )

routstr/upstream/helpers.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 import os
 import re
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Callable
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from ..core.settings import Settings
@@ -122,12 +122,16 @@ async def get_all_models_with_overrides(
 
 
 async def refresh_upstreams_models_periodically(
-    upstreams: list[BaseUpstreamProvider],
+    upstreams_provider: (
+        Callable[[], list[BaseUpstreamProvider]] | list[BaseUpstreamProvider]
+    ),
 ) -> None:
     """Background task to periodically refresh models cache for all providers.
 
     Args:
-        upstreams: List of upstream provider instances
+        upstreams_provider: Either a callable returning the live upstream list
+            (preferred — picks up providers added/changed via reinitialize_upstreams),
+            or a static list (legacy, will go stale after reinitialize_upstreams).
     """
     import asyncio
     import random
@@ -139,9 +143,14 @@ async def refresh_upstreams_models_periodically(
         logger.info("Provider models refresh disabled (interval <= 0)")
         return
 
+    def _resolve_upstreams() -> list[BaseUpstreamProvider]:
+        if callable(upstreams_provider):
+            return upstreams_provider()
+        return upstreams_provider
+
     while True:
         try:
-            for upstream in upstreams:
+            for upstream in _resolve_upstreams():
                 try:
                     await upstream.refresh_models_cache()
                 except Exception as e:

routstr/upstream/ollama.py

@@ -65,9 +65,7 @@ class OllamaUpstreamProvider(BaseUpstreamProvider):
         """Strip 'ollama/' prefix for Ollama API compatibility."""
         return model_id.removeprefix("ollama/")
 
-    def get_request_base_url(
-        self, path: str, model_obj: Model | None = None
-    ) -> str:
+    def get_request_base_url(self, path: str, model_obj: Model | None = None) -> str:
         """Route proxy traffic through Ollama's OpenAI-compatible /v1 endpoint."""
         return f"{self.base_url.rstrip('/')}/v1"
 
@@ -166,103 +164,3 @@ class OllamaUpstreamProvider(BaseUpstreamProvider):
                 },
             )
             return []
-
-    async def refresh_models_cache(self) -> None:
-        """Refresh the in-memory models cache from upstream API."""
-        try:
-            from ..payment.models import _update_model_sats_pricing
-            from ..payment.price import sats_usd_price
-
-            models = await self.fetch_models()
-            models_with_fees = [self._apply_provider_fee_to_model(m) for m in models]
-
-            try:
-                sats_to_usd = sats_usd_price()
-                self._models_cache = [
-                    _update_model_sats_pricing(m, sats_to_usd) for m in models_with_fees
-                ]
-            except Exception:
-                self._models_cache = models_with_fees
-
-            self._models_by_id = {m.id: m for m in self._models_cache}
-            logger.info(
-                f"Refreshed models cache for {self.base_url}",
-                extra={"model_count": len(models)},
-            )
-        except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(
-                f"Failed to refresh models cache for {self.base_url}",
-                extra={"error": str(e), "error_type": type(e).__name__},
-            )
-
-    def get_cached_models(self) -> list[Model]:
-        """Get cached models for this provider.
-
-        Returns:
-            List of cached Model objects
-        """
-        return self._models_cache
-
-    def get_cached_model_by_id(self, model_id: str) -> Model | None:
-        """Get a specific cached model by ID.
-
-        Args:
-            model_id: Model identifier
-
-        Returns:
-            Model object or None if not found
-        """
-        return self._models_by_id.get(model_id)
-
-    def _apply_provider_fee_to_model(self, model: Model) -> Model:
-        """Apply provider fee to model's USD pricing and calculate max costs.
-
-        Args:
-            model: Model object to update
-
-        Returns:
-            Model with provider fee applied to pricing and max costs calculated
-        """
-        from ..payment.models import Model, Pricing, _calculate_usd_max_costs
-
-        adjusted_pricing = Pricing.parse_obj(
-            {k: v * self.provider_fee for k, v in model.pricing.dict().items()}
-        )
-
-        temp_model = Model(
-            id=model.id,
-            name=model.name,
-            created=model.created,
-            description=model.description,
-            context_length=model.context_length,
-            architecture=model.architecture,
-            pricing=adjusted_pricing,
-            sats_pricing=None,
-            per_request_limits=model.per_request_limits,
-            top_provider=model.top_provider,
-            enabled=model.enabled,
-            upstream_provider_id=model.upstream_provider_id,
-            canonical_slug=model.canonical_slug,
-        )
-
-        (
-            adjusted_pricing.max_prompt_cost,
-            adjusted_pricing.max_completion_cost,
-            adjusted_pricing.max_cost,
-        ) = _calculate_usd_max_costs(temp_model)
-
-        return Model(
-            id=model.id,
-            name=model.name,
-            created=model.created,
-            description=model.description,
-            context_length=model.context_length,
-            architecture=model.architecture,
-            pricing=adjusted_pricing,
-            sats_pricing=model.sats_pricing,
-            per_request_limits=model.per_request_limits,
-            top_provider=model.top_provider,
-            enabled=model.enabled,
-            upstream_provider_id=model.upstream_provider_id,
-            canonical_slug=model.canonical_slug,
-        )

routstr/upstream/ppqai.py

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
 
 import httpx
-from pydantic import BaseModel
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 
 from ..core.logging import get_logger
 from ..payment.models import Architecture, Model, Pricing, async_fetch_openrouter_models
@@ -16,18 +16,20 @@ logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 
 class PPQAIModelPricing(BaseModel):
-    ui: dict[str, float]
-    api: dict[str, float]
+    ui: Optional[dict[str, float]] = None
+    api: Optional[dict[str, float]] = None
+    input_per_1M_tokens: Optional[float] = Field(None, alias="input_per_1M_tokens")
+    output_per_1M_tokens: Optional[float] = Field(None, alias="output_per_1M_tokens")
 
 
 class PPQAIModel(BaseModel):
     id: str
-    provider: str
+    provider: Optional[str] = None
     name: str
     created_at: int
     context_length: int
     pricing: PPQAIModelPricing
-    popular: bool
+    popular: bool = False
 
 
 class PPQAIUpstreamProvider(BaseUpstreamProvider):
@@ -134,31 +136,54 @@ class PPQAIUpstreamProvider(BaseUpstreamProvider):
                         )
 
                         if or_model:
-                            if input_price := ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
-                                "input_per_1M"
-                            ):
+                            input_price = None
+                            if ppqai_model.pricing.api:
+                                input_price = ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
+                                    "input_per_1M"
+                                )
+                            elif ppqai_model.pricing.input_per_1M_tokens:
+                                input_price = ppqai_model.pricing.input_per_1M_tokens
+
+                            if input_price is not None:
                                 or_model.pricing.prompt = input_price / 1_000_000
-                            if output_price := ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
-                                "output_per_1M"
-                            ):
+
+                            output_price = None
+                            if ppqai_model.pricing.api:
+                                output_price = ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
+                                    "output_per_1M"
+                                )
+                            elif ppqai_model.pricing.output_per_1M_tokens:
+                                output_price = ppqai_model.pricing.output_per_1M_tokens
+
+                            if output_price is not None:
                                 or_model.pricing.completion = output_price / 1_000_000
+
                             if cl := ppqai_model.context_length:
                                 or_model.context_length = cl
                             models.append(or_model)
                         else:
-                            input_price = ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
-                                "input_per_1M", 0.0
-                            )
-                            output_price = ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
-                                "output_per_1M", 0.0
-                            )
+                            input_price = 0.0
+                            if ppqai_model.pricing.api:
+                                input_price = ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
+                                    "input_per_1M", 0.0
+                                )
+                            elif ppqai_model.pricing.input_per_1M_tokens:
+                                input_price = ppqai_model.pricing.input_per_1M_tokens
+
+                            output_price = 0.0
+                            if ppqai_model.pricing.api:
+                                output_price = ppqai_model.pricing.api.get(
+                                    "output_per_1M", 0.0
+                                )
+                            elif ppqai_model.pricing.output_per_1M_tokens:
+                                output_price = ppqai_model.pricing.output_per_1M_tokens
 
                             models.append(
                                 Model(
                                     id=ppqai_model.id,
                                     name=ppqai_model.name,
                                     created=ppqai_model.created_at // 1000,
-                                    description=f"{ppqai_model.provider} model",
+                                    description=f"{ppqai_model.provider or 'PPQ.AI'} model",
                                     context_length=ppqai_model.context_length,
                                     architecture=Architecture(
                                         modality="text->text",

routstr/wallet.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from cashu.wallet.wallet import Wallet
 from sqlmodel import col, select, update
 
 from .core import db, get_logger
+from .core.db import store_cashu_transaction
 from .core.settings import settings
 from .payment.lnurl import raw_send_to_lnurl
 
@@ -155,6 +156,20 @@ async def swap_to_primary_mint(
         raise ValueError("Invalid unit")
     primary_wallet = await get_wallet(settings.primary_mint, settings.primary_mint_unit)
 
+    # If the token is already from the primary mint, we don't need to swap
+    # and we definitely don't want to calculate or pay fees.
+    if token_obj.mint == settings.primary_mint:
+        logger.info(
+            "swap_to_primary_mint: token already on primary mint, skipping swap",
+            extra={
+                "mint": token_obj.mint,
+                "amount": token_amount,
+                "unit": token_obj.unit,
+            },
+        )
+        await token_wallet.split(proofs=token_obj.proofs, amount=0, include_fees=True)
+        return token_amount, token_obj.unit, token_obj.mint
+
     minted_amount = await _calculate_swap_amount(
         amount_msat,
         token_obj.unit,
@@ -265,6 +280,8 @@ async def credit_balance(
 
     try:
         amount, unit, mint_url = await recieve_token(cashu_token)
+        original_amount = amount
+        original_unit = unit
         logger.info(
             "credit_balance: Token redeemed successfully",
             extra={"amount": amount, "unit": unit, "mint_url": mint_url},
@@ -296,6 +313,19 @@ async def credit_balance(
             extra={"new_balance": key.balance},
         )
 
+        try:
+            await store_cashu_transaction(
+                token=cashu_token,
+                amount=original_amount,
+                unit=original_unit,
+                mint_url=mint_url,
+                typ="in",
+                source="apikey",
+                api_key_hashed_key=key.hashed_key,
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+
         logger.info(
             "Cashu token successfully redeemed and stored",
             extra={"amount": amount, "unit": unit, "mint_url": mint_url},
@@ -535,7 +565,7 @@ async def periodic_refund_sweep() -> None:
                     except Exception as e:
                         error_msg = str(e).lower()
                         if "already spent" in error_msg:
-                            refund.swept = True
+                            refund.collected = True
                             session.add(refund)
                             logger.info(
                                 "Refund already spent (client collected), marking swept",
@@ -559,6 +589,46 @@ async def periodic_refund_sweep() -> None:
             )
 
 
+async def periodic_routstr_fee_payout() -> None:
+    from .auth import (
+        ROUTSTR_FEE_DEFAULT_PAYOUT,
+        ROUTSTR_FEE_PAYOUT_INTERVAL_SECONDS,
+        ROUTSTR_LN_ADDRESS,
+    )
+
+    if not ROUTSTR_LN_ADDRESS:
+        logger.info("ROUTSTR_LN_ADDRESS not set, skipping fee payout")
+        return
+    while True:
+        await asyncio.sleep(ROUTSTR_FEE_PAYOUT_INTERVAL_SECONDS)
+        try:
+            async with db.create_session() as session:
+                fee = await db.get_routstr_fee(session)
+                accumulated_sats = fee.accumulated_msats // 1000
+                if accumulated_sats >= ROUTSTR_FEE_DEFAULT_PAYOUT:
+                    wallet = await get_wallet(settings.primary_mint, "sat")
+                    proofs = get_proofs_per_mint_and_unit(
+                        wallet, settings.primary_mint, "sat", not_reserved=True
+                    )
+                    amount_received = await raw_send_to_lnurl(
+                        wallet, proofs, ROUTSTR_LN_ADDRESS, "sat", amount=accumulated_sats
+                    )
+                    paid_msats = accumulated_sats * 1000
+                    await db.reset_routstr_fee(session, paid_msats)
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Routstr fee payout sent",
+                        extra={
+                            "accumulated_sats": accumulated_sats,
+                            "amount_received": amount_received,
+                        },
+                    )
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(
+                f"Error in Routstr fee payout: {type(e).__name__}",
+                extra={"error": str(e)},
+            )
+
+
 async def send_to_lnurl(amount: int, unit: str, mint: str, address: str) -> int:
     wallet = await get_wallet(mint, unit)
     proofs = wallet._get_proofs_per_keyset(wallet.proofs)[wallet.keyset_id]

tests/integration/conftest.py

@@ -380,6 +380,13 @@ async def integration_session(
         yield session
 
 
+@pytest_asyncio.fixture
+async def patched_db_engine(integration_engine: Any) -> AsyncGenerator[None, None]:
+    """Patch the global db engine so create_session() uses the test engine."""
+    with patch("routstr.core.db.engine", integration_engine):
+        yield
+
+
 class DatabaseSnapshot:
     """Utility to capture and compare database states"""
 

tests/integration/test_balance_negative_on_cost_overrun.py

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+"""
+Integration tests for the balance-goes-negative bug in adjust_payment_for_tokens.
+
+Root cause: when actual token cost exceeds the discounted reservation
+(cost_difference > 0, caused by tolerance_percentage discounting the reservation),
+the finalization UPDATE had no WHERE guard on balance, allowing balance to go negative.
+
+Fix: added `.where(col(ApiKey.balance) >= total_cost_msats)` so the UPDATE is a no-op
+when balance is insufficient, then falls back to charging only deducted_max_cost.
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from sqlmodel.ext.asyncio.session import AsyncSession
+
+from routstr.core.db import ApiKey
+from routstr.payment.cost_calculation import CostData
+
+
+def _make_key(balance: int, reserved: int) -> ApiKey:
+    return ApiKey(
+        hashed_key=f"test_{uuid.uuid4().hex}",
+        balance=balance,
+        reserved_balance=reserved,
+        total_spent=0,
+        total_requests=1,
+    )
+
+
+async def _refresh(session: AsyncSession, key: ApiKey) -> ApiKey:
+    await session.refresh(key)
+    return key
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helper: build a CostData where token cost > deducted_max_cost
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _cost_data(total_msats: int) -> CostData:
+    return CostData(
+        base_msats=0,
+        input_msats=total_msats // 2,
+        output_msats=total_msats - total_msats // 2,
+        total_msats=total_msats,
+        total_usd=0.0,
+        input_tokens=100,
+        output_tokens=100,
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 1 — exact reproduction of the bug
+#
+# Setup: balance == deducted_max_cost (user has just enough for the reservation,
+#         nothing extra). Actual token cost is 1% higher (tolerance_percentage).
+#
+# Before fix: balance -= total_cost_msats → goes negative.
+# After fix:  WHERE balance >= total_cost_msats fails → fallback charges
+#             deducted_max_cost → balance reaches 0, never negative.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_balance_never_negative_when_cost_exceeds_reservation(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """Balance must not go negative when actual token cost > discounted reservation."""
+    from routstr.auth import adjust_payment_for_tokens
+
+    deducted_max_cost = 990  # reserved (1% below true max of 1000)
+    actual_token_cost = 1000  # actual cost at true max
+
+    # User has balance exactly equal to the reservation — tight budget
+    key = _make_key(balance=deducted_max_cost, reserved=deducted_max_cost)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    response_data = {"model": "test-model", "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 100, "completion_tokens": 100}}
+
+    with patch(
+        "routstr.auth.calculate_cost",
+        return_value=_cost_data(actual_token_cost),
+    ):
+        await adjust_payment_for_tokens(key, response_data, integration_session, deducted_max_cost)
+
+    await _refresh(integration_session, key)
+
+    assert key.balance >= 0, f"Balance went negative: {key.balance}"
+    assert key.reserved_balance >= 0, f"Reserved balance went negative: {key.reserved_balance}"
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0, "Reservation must be fully released after finalization"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 2 — balance is ZERO after the reservation is accounted for
+#           (absolute floor case)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_balance_floor_at_zero_on_overrun(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """When balance exactly covers deducted_max_cost and cost overruns, balance reaches 0 not negative."""
+    from routstr.auth import adjust_payment_for_tokens
+
+    deducted_max_cost = 500
+    actual_token_cost = 550  # 10% overrun
+
+    key = _make_key(balance=500, reserved=500)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    response_data = {"model": "test-model", "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 50, "completion_tokens": 50}}
+
+    with patch(
+        "routstr.auth.calculate_cost",
+        return_value=_cost_data(actual_token_cost),
+    ):
+        await adjust_payment_for_tokens(key, response_data, integration_session, deducted_max_cost)
+
+    await _refresh(integration_session, key)
+
+    assert key.balance == 0, (
+        f"Expected balance=0 (charged deducted_max_cost fallback), got {key.balance}"
+    )
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0, f"Reserved balance should be 0, got {key.reserved_balance}"
+    # Fallback charges deducted_max_cost
+    assert key.total_spent == deducted_max_cost, (
+        f"Expected total_spent={deducted_max_cost}, got {key.total_spent}"
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 3 — balance has enough room: full token cost should be charged
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_full_cost_charged_when_balance_sufficient_for_overrun(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """When balance covers total_cost_msats, the full amount is charged (not just deducted_max_cost)."""
+    from routstr.auth import adjust_payment_for_tokens
+
+    deducted_max_cost = 990
+    actual_token_cost = 1000
+
+    # User has extra balance beyond the reservation
+    key = _make_key(balance=2000, reserved=990)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    response_data = {"model": "test-model", "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 100, "completion_tokens": 100}}
+
+    with patch(
+        "routstr.auth.calculate_cost",
+        return_value=_cost_data(actual_token_cost),
+    ):
+        await adjust_payment_for_tokens(key, response_data, integration_session, deducted_max_cost)
+
+    await _refresh(integration_session, key)
+
+    assert key.balance >= 0, f"Balance went negative: {key.balance}"
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0, f"Reservation not released: {key.reserved_balance}"
+    assert key.total_spent == actual_token_cost, (
+        f"Expected full charge of {actual_token_cost}, got {key.total_spent}"
+    )
+    assert key.balance == 2000 - actual_token_cost, (
+        f"Expected balance={2000 - actual_token_cost}, got {key.balance}"
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 4 — concurrent finalizations with cost overrun
+#
+# Multiple requests finish concurrently. Each has a small overrun.
+# None should drive balance negative.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_concurrent_cost_overruns_never_negative(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+    patched_db_engine: None,
+) -> None:
+    """Concurrent finalization with cost overruns must never produce negative balance."""
+    import asyncio
+
+    from routstr.auth import adjust_payment_for_tokens, pay_for_request
+    from routstr.core.db import create_session
+
+    deducted_max_cost = 990
+    actual_token_cost = 1000
+    n_requests = 5
+
+    # Fund the key with exactly enough for n_requests reservations + a tiny buffer
+    starting_balance = deducted_max_cost * n_requests
+    key_hash = f"test_concurrent_{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        key = ApiKey(
+            hashed_key=key_hash,
+            balance=starting_balance,
+            reserved_balance=0,
+            total_spent=0,
+            total_requests=0,
+        )
+        session.add(key)
+        await session.commit()
+
+    # Reserve n_requests slots (sequentially, as pay_for_request is atomic)
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        key_to_reserve = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+        assert key_to_reserve is not None
+        for _ in range(n_requests):
+            await pay_for_request(key_to_reserve, deducted_max_cost, session)
+            await session.refresh(key_to_reserve)
+
+    # Now finalize all concurrently with cost overrun
+    async def finalize() -> None:
+        response_data = {
+            "model": "test-model",
+            "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 100, "completion_tokens": 100},
+        }
+        async with create_session() as session:
+            fresh_key = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+            assert fresh_key is not None
+            with patch(
+                "routstr.auth.calculate_cost",
+                return_value=_cost_data(actual_token_cost),
+            ):
+                await adjust_payment_for_tokens(
+                    fresh_key, response_data, session, deducted_max_cost
+                )
+
+    await asyncio.gather(*[finalize() for _ in range(n_requests)])
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        final_key = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+        assert final_key is not None
+
+    assert final_key.balance >= 0, (
+        f"Balance went negative after concurrent overruns: {final_key.balance}"
+    )
+    assert final_key.reserved_balance == 0, (
+        f"Reserved balance not fully released: {final_key.reserved_balance}"
+    )
+    assert final_key.total_spent <= starting_balance, (
+        f"Total spent ({final_key.total_spent}) exceeds starting balance ({starting_balance})"
+    )
+    # Every request must have been charged at least deducted_max_cost — no free inference.
+    assert final_key.total_spent == starting_balance, (
+        f"Expected total_spent={starting_balance} (all {n_requests} reservations charged), "
+        f"got {final_key.total_spent} — at least one request got free inference"
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 5 — overrun with no balance at all (reserved_balance == balance)
+#           simulates a user who topped up to exactly the reservation floor
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_zero_free_balance_overrun_is_safe(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """User with zero free balance (all reserved) should never go negative on overrun."""
+    from routstr.auth import adjust_payment_for_tokens
+
+    deducted_max_cost = 1000
+    actual_token_cost = 1050
+
+    # balance == reserved_balance: zero free balance
+    key = _make_key(balance=1000, reserved=1000)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    response_data = {"model": "test-model", "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 50, "completion_tokens": 100}}
+
+    with patch(
+        "routstr.auth.calculate_cost",
+        return_value=_cost_data(actual_token_cost),
+    ):
+        await adjust_payment_for_tokens(key, response_data, integration_session, deducted_max_cost)
+
+    await _refresh(integration_session, key)
+
+    assert key.balance >= 0, f"Balance went negative: {key.balance}"
+    assert key.reserved_balance >= 0, f"Reserved balance went negative: {key.reserved_balance}"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 6 — parallel requests: second finalization must not get free inference
+#
+# Root cause of the bug fixed in auth.py:
+#   `.where(col(ApiKey.balance) >= total_cost_msats)` ignores other requests'
+#   reservations, so after Request A charges total_cost_msats, balance can drop
+#   below deducted_max_cost, causing Request B's fallback to release for free.
+#
+# Fix: use `balance - reserved_balance + deducted_max_cost >= total_cost_msats`
+#   so the check accounts for concurrent reservations.
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_parallel_requests_no_free_inference(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+    patched_db_engine: None,
+) -> None:
+    """Second parallel finalization must be charged even when first depleted free balance."""
+    import asyncio
+
+    from routstr.auth import adjust_payment_for_tokens
+    from routstr.core.db import create_session
+
+    deducted_max_cost = 100
+    actual_token_cost = 150  # overrun: 50 more than reserved
+
+    # Fund the key with exactly 2 * deducted_max_cost.
+    # Both requests pre-reserved 100 each → balance=200, reserved=200, free=0.
+    # Old check (balance >= total_cost_msats):
+    #   Request A: 200 >= 150 ✓ → charges 150 → balance=50, reserved=100
+    #   Request B: 50 >= 150 ✗ → fallback: 50 >= 100 ✗ → releases FREE
+    # New check (balance - reserved + deducted >= total_cost_msats):
+    #   Both fall to fallback (0 free balance).
+    #   Both charge deducted_max_cost=100 → total_spent=200, balance=0.
+    starting_balance = deducted_max_cost * 2
+    key_hash = f"test_parallel_no_free_{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        key = ApiKey(
+            hashed_key=key_hash,
+            balance=starting_balance,
+            reserved_balance=deducted_max_cost * 2,  # both slots pre-reserved
+            total_spent=0,
+            total_requests=2,
+        )
+        session.add(key)
+        await session.commit()
+
+    async def finalize() -> None:
+        response_data = {
+            "model": "test-model",
+            "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 50, "completion_tokens": 100},
+        }
+        async with create_session() as session:
+            fresh_key = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+            assert fresh_key is not None
+            with patch(
+                "routstr.auth.calculate_cost",
+                return_value=_cost_data(actual_token_cost),
+            ):
+                await adjust_payment_for_tokens(
+                    fresh_key, response_data, session, deducted_max_cost
+                )
+
+    await asyncio.gather(finalize(), finalize())
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        final_key = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+        assert final_key is not None
+
+    assert final_key.balance >= 0, f"Balance went negative: {final_key.balance}"
+    assert final_key.reserved_balance == 0, (
+        f"Reserved balance not released: {final_key.reserved_balance}"
+    )
+    # Both requests must have been charged — no free inference.
+    assert final_key.total_spent == starting_balance, (
+        f"Expected total_spent={starting_balance} (both reservations charged), "
+        f"got {final_key.total_spent} — one request got free inference"
+    )

tests/integration/test_cli_tokens.py

@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+"""Integration tests for CLI token management (/admin/api/cli-tokens).
+
+Covers:
+- GET    /admin/api/cli-tokens           — list (preview only, no full token)
+- POST   /admin/api/cli-tokens           — create (returns full token once)
+- DELETE /admin/api/cli-tokens/{id}      — revoke
+- Using a CLI token as Bearer auth against admin endpoints
+- Expiry enforcement (expired tokens are rejected by require_admin_api)
+- last_used_at bump on successful use
+- Auth failures: missing token, wrong token, revoked token
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import secrets
+import time
+from typing import AsyncGenerator
+
+import pytest
+import pytest_asyncio
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+from sqlmodel import select
+
+from routstr.core.admin import admin_sessions
+from routstr.core.db import AsyncSession, CliToken
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Fixtures
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@pytest_asyncio.fixture
+async def admin_session_token() -> AsyncGenerator[str, None]:
+    """Inject a short-lived admin session token into admin_sessions."""
+    token = secrets.token_urlsafe(24)
+    admin_sessions[token] = int(time.time()) + 3600
+    yield token
+    admin_sessions.pop(token, None)
+
+
+@pytest_asyncio.fixture
+async def admin_client(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, admin_session_token: str
+) -> AsyncClient:
+    """An integration_client pre-authenticated with an admin session token."""
+    integration_client.headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {admin_session_token}"
+    return integration_client
+
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Creation
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_create_cli_token_returns_full_token_once(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    """POST /admin/api/cli-tokens returns the raw token only on creation."""
+    resp = await admin_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens",
+        json={"name": "my-laptop"},
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.json()
+
+    assert body["name"] == "my-laptop"
+    assert isinstance(body["id"], str) and body["id"]
+    assert isinstance(body["token"], str) and len(body["token"]) >= 32
+    assert body["expires_at"] is None
+    assert isinstance(body["created_at"], int)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_create_cli_token_with_expiry(admin_client: AsyncClient) -> None:
+    """expires_in_days sets expires_at ~= now + days * 86400."""
+    before = int(time.time())
+    resp = await admin_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens",
+        json={"name": "ci-runner", "expires_in_days": 7},
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    body = resp.json()
+
+    assert body["expires_at"] is not None
+    delta = body["expires_at"] - before
+    # Allow 10s jitter around 7 * 86400
+    assert 7 * 86400 - 10 <= delta <= 7 * 86400 + 10
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_create_cli_token_rejects_empty_name(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    resp = await admin_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens", json={"name": "   "}
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_create_cli_token_requires_admin(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    """No admin token / no bearer → 403."""
+    resp = await integration_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens", json={"name": "no-auth"}
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Listing
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_list_cli_tokens_returns_preview_not_full_token(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    """Listing never leaks the raw token."""
+    create = await admin_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens", json={"name": "secret-keeper"}
+    )
+    assert create.status_code == 200
+    full_token = create.json()["token"]
+
+    resp = await admin_client.get("/admin/api/cli-tokens")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    items = resp.json()
+    assert any(t["name"] == "secret-keeper" for t in items)
+
+    for t in items:
+        # No 'token' field, only 'token_preview'
+        assert "token" not in t
+        assert "token_preview" in t
+        assert full_token not in t["token_preview"]
+        assert "..." in t["token_preview"]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_list_cli_tokens_requires_admin(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/admin/api/cli-tokens")
+    assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Using a CLI token as admin auth
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_cli_token_authorizes_admin_endpoints(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """A freshly-created CLI token can be used as Bearer on admin endpoints."""
+    create = await admin_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens", json={"name": "cli-auth"}
+    )
+    assert create.status_code == 200
+    cli_token = create.json()["token"]
+    token_id = create.json()["id"]
+
+    # Use a NEW client to isolate the header from admin_session_token
+    integration_client.headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {cli_token}"
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/admin/api/cli-tokens")
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+
+    # last_used_at should be populated after use
+    row = await integration_session.get(CliToken, token_id)
+    assert row is not None
+    assert row.last_used_at is not None
+    assert row.last_used_at >= row.created_at
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_expired_cli_token_is_rejected(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """A CLI token with expires_at in the past → 403."""
+    create = await admin_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens",
+        json={"name": "will-expire", "expires_in_days": 1},
+    )
+    assert create.status_code == 200
+    cli_token = create.json()["token"]
+    token_id = create.json()["id"]
+
+    # Force-expire it in the DB
+    row = await integration_session.get(CliToken, token_id)
+    assert row is not None
+    row.expires_at = int(time.time()) - 1
+    integration_session.add(row)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    integration_client.headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {cli_token}"
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/admin/api/cli-tokens")
+    assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_invalid_bearer_token_is_rejected(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    integration_client.headers["Authorization"] = "Bearer not-a-real-token"
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/admin/api/cli-tokens")
+    assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Revocation
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_revoke_cli_token_removes_auth(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """After DELETE, the token no longer authorizes."""
+    create = await admin_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/cli-tokens", json={"name": "to-revoke"}
+    )
+    token_id = create.json()["id"]
+    cli_token = create.json()["token"]
+
+    revoke = await admin_client.delete(f"/admin/api/cli-tokens/{token_id}")
+    assert revoke.status_code == 200
+    assert revoke.json() == {"ok": True, "deleted_id": token_id}
+
+    # Row is gone
+    row = await integration_session.get(CliToken, token_id)
+    assert row is None
+
+    # Can no longer be used for auth
+    integration_client.headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {cli_token}"
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/admin/api/cli-tokens")
+    assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_revoke_unknown_cli_token_returns_404(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    resp = await admin_client.delete("/admin/api/cli-tokens/does-not-exist")
+    assert resp.status_code == 404
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_revoke_cli_token_requires_admin(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+) -> None:
+    resp = await integration_client.delete("/admin/api/cli-tokens/anything")
+    assert resp.status_code == 403
+
+
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Lifecycle / uniqueness
+# ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_multiple_tokens_are_independent(
+    admin_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """Creating N tokens yields N unique tokens that all live in DB."""
+    names = ["dev-a", "dev-b", "dev-c"]
+    raw_tokens: list[str] = []
+    ids: list[str] = []
+    for name in names:
+        r = await admin_client.post(
+            "/admin/api/cli-tokens", json={"name": name}
+        )
+        assert r.status_code == 200
+        raw_tokens.append(r.json()["token"])
+        ids.append(r.json()["id"])
+
+    # All unique
+    assert len(set(raw_tokens)) == len(raw_tokens)
+    assert len(set(ids)) == len(ids)
+
+    # All in DB
+    result = await integration_session.exec(
+        select(CliToken).where(CliToken.name.in_(names))  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+    )
+    rows = result.all()
+    assert {r.name for r in rows} == set(names)

tests/integration/test_insufficient_balance.py

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+"""
+Tests showing how a user hits "Insufficient balance: X mSats required for this model"
+when their balance is too low for the model's cost.
+
+The log line that triggered this:
+  WARNING  Insufficient billing balance during validation
+  ERROR    Bearer token validation failed: HTTPException: 402:
+           {'error': {'message': 'Insufficient balance: 622888 mSats required
+           for this model. 20320 available.', ...}}
+
+This happens in validate_bearer_key (auth.py) when:
+  billing_key.total_balance < min_cost   (model's max cost)
+
+and also in pay_for_request when the atomic UPDATE finds no available balance.
+"""
+
+import uuid
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+from sqlmodel.ext.asyncio.session import AsyncSession
+
+from routstr.core.db import ApiKey
+
+
+def _key(balance: int, reserved: int = 0) -> ApiKey:
+    return ApiKey(
+        hashed_key=f"test_{uuid.uuid4().hex}",
+        balance=balance,
+        reserved_balance=reserved,
+        total_spent=0,
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 1 — simplest case: balance < model cost → pay_for_request raises 402
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_pay_for_request_raises_402_when_balance_too_low(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    User has 20_000 msats. Model costs 622_888 msats.
+    pay_for_request must raise HTTP 402 with a clear message.
+    """
+    from routstr.auth import pay_for_request
+
+    model_cost = 622_888
+    user_balance = 20_000
+
+    key = _key(balance=user_balance)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+        await pay_for_request(key, model_cost, integration_session)
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 402
+    detail = exc_info.value.detail
+    assert isinstance(detail, dict)
+    error = detail["error"]
+    assert error["code"] == "insufficient_balance"
+    assert str(model_cost) in error["message"]
+    assert str(user_balance) in error["message"]
+
+    # Balance must be untouched
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.balance == user_balance
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 2 — balance is zero
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_pay_for_request_raises_402_on_zero_balance(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """User with zero balance cannot make any request."""
+    from routstr.auth import pay_for_request
+
+    key = _key(balance=0)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+        await pay_for_request(key, 1_000, integration_session)
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 402
+    detail = exc_info.value.detail
+    assert isinstance(detail, dict)
+    assert detail["error"]["code"] == "insufficient_balance"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 3 — all balance is reserved (total_balance = balance - reserved = 0)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_pay_for_request_raises_402_when_all_balance_reserved(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    User has 50_000 msats balance but 50_000 is already reserved for in-flight
+    requests. Free balance (total_balance) = 0. Should get 402.
+    """
+    from routstr.auth import pay_for_request
+
+    key = _key(balance=50_000, reserved=50_000)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+        await pay_for_request(key, 1_000, integration_session)
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 402
+    # Balance and reserved must be untouched
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.balance == 50_000
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 50_000
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 4 — balance just one msat below model cost
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_pay_for_request_raises_402_one_msat_short(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """Off-by-one: balance is exactly model_cost - 1."""
+    from routstr.auth import pay_for_request
+
+    model_cost = 10_000
+    key = _key(balance=model_cost - 1)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+        await pay_for_request(key, model_cost, integration_session)
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 402
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.balance == model_cost - 1   # untouched
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 5 — balance exactly equal to model cost → succeeds
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_pay_for_request_succeeds_when_balance_equals_cost(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """Balance == model cost: the request should be reserved successfully."""
+    from routstr.auth import pay_for_request
+
+    model_cost = 10_000
+    key = _key(balance=model_cost)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    # Should not raise
+    await pay_for_request(key, model_cost, integration_session)
+
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.reserved_balance == model_cost
+    assert key.balance == model_cost   # balance unchanged, only reserved goes up
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 6 — HTTP layer returns 402 JSON with the right shape
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_http_402_response_shape_on_insufficient_balance(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    End-to-end: POST /v1/chat/completions with a key whose balance is far below
+    the mocked model cost returns HTTP 402 with the expected JSON error body.
+
+    Matches exactly the log snippet in the bug report:
+      'Insufficient balance: X mSats required for this model. Y available.'
+    """
+    from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+
+    model_cost = 622_888
+    user_balance = 20_320
+
+    key = _key(balance=user_balance)
+    integration_session.add(key)
+    await integration_session.commit()
+
+    # Minimal model stub so proxy routing doesn't 400 before reaching balance check
+    mock_model = MagicMock()
+    mock_model.sats_pricing = None
+
+    # Upstream stub — never reached because balance check fires first
+    mock_upstream = MagicMock()
+    mock_upstream.prepare_headers = MagicMock(return_value={})
+
+    with (
+        patch("routstr.proxy.get_model_instance", return_value=mock_model),
+        patch("routstr.proxy.get_provider_for_model", return_value=[mock_upstream]),
+        # Patch where it is used (proxy imports it at module level)
+        patch(
+            "routstr.proxy.get_max_cost_for_model",
+            new=AsyncMock(return_value=model_cost),
+        ),
+    ):
+        response = await integration_client.post(
+            "/v1/chat/completions",
+            headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer sk-{key.hashed_key}"},
+            json={
+                "model": "gpt-4o",
+                "messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "hello"}],
+            },
+        )
+
+    assert response.status_code == 402
+    body = response.json()
+    # FastAPI wraps HTTPException detail under "detail"
+    error = body["detail"]["error"]
+    assert error["code"] == "insufficient_balance"
+    assert error["type"] == "insufficient_quota"
+    assert str(model_cost) in error["message"]
+    assert str(user_balance) in error["message"]
+
+    # Balance must be completely untouched
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.balance == user_balance
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0
+    assert key.total_spent == 0

tests/integration/test_model_price_sync.py

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+"""Integration tests for model price updates when provider fee schedules change."""
+
+import time
+from typing import Any, Generator
+
+import pytest
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from routstr.core.admin import admin_sessions
+
+ADMIN_TOKEN = "test-admin-token"
+
+
+def _auth_header() -> dict[str, str]:
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {ADMIN_TOKEN}"}
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _inject_admin_session() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+    admin_sessions[ADMIN_TOKEN] = int(time.time()) + 3600
+    yield
+    admin_sessions.pop(ADMIN_TOKEN, None)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_model_price_updates_on_fee_schedule_change(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+    patched_db_engine: Any,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    # Patch fetch_models to return empty list to avoid network errors
+    # and allow DB models to be used
+    from routstr.upstream.base import BaseUpstreamProvider
+
+    async def mock_fetch_models(self: BaseUpstreamProvider) -> list:
+        return []
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(BaseUpstreamProvider, "fetch_models", mock_fetch_models)
+
+    # 1. Create a provider
+    provider_resp = await integration_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/upstream-providers",
+        json={
+            "provider_type": "custom",
+            "base_url": "https://api.example.com/v1",
+            "api_key": "test-key",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "provider_fee": 1.0,
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    provider_id = provider_resp.json()["id"]
+
+    # 2. Add a model to this provider
+    model_id = "test-model-price-update"
+    await integration_client.post(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/models",
+        json={
+            "id": model_id,
+            "name": "Test Model",
+            "created": int(time.time()),
+            "description": "Test",
+            "context_length": 4096,
+            "architecture": {
+                "modality": "text",
+                "input_modalities": ["text"],
+                "output_modalities": ["text"],
+                "tokenizer": "gpt2",
+                "instruct_type": "none",
+            },
+            "pricing": {"prompt": 1.0, "completion": 2.0},
+            "enabled": True,
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+
+    # 3. Check initial price (should be prompt=1.0 * fee=1.0 = 1.0)
+    # We use /models endpoint
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/models")
+    models = resp.json()["data"]
+    target = next((m for m in models if m["id"] == model_id), None)
+    assert target is not None
+    assert target["pricing"]["prompt"] == 1.0
+
+    # 4. Update provider fee schedule to a very high value for the current time
+    # We'll use a range that covers the whole day to be safe
+    schedules = [
+        {"start_time": "00:00", "end_time": "23:59", "provider_fee": 2.5},
+    ]
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={"schedules": schedules},
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+
+    # 5. Check price again - should be updated instantly
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/models")
+    models = resp.json()["data"]
+    target = next((m for m in models if m["id"] == model_id), None)
+    assert target is not None
+    # 1.0 * 2.5 = 2.5
+    assert target["pricing"]["prompt"] == 2.5
+
+    # 6. Delete schedules
+    await integration_client.delete(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+
+    # 7. Should revert to default fee (1.0)
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/models")
+    models = resp.json()["data"]
+    target = next((m for m in models if m["id"] == model_id), None)
+    assert target is not None
+    assert target["pricing"]["prompt"] == 1.0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_upstream_model_price_updates_on_fee_schedule_change(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient,
+    patched_db_engine: Any,
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    from routstr.payment.models import Architecture, Model, Pricing
+    from routstr.upstream.base import BaseUpstreamProvider
+
+    upstream_model_id = "upstream-model-only"
+
+    # Mock fetch_models to return a model
+    async def mock_fetch_models(self: BaseUpstreamProvider) -> list[Model]:
+        return [
+            Model(
+                id=upstream_model_id,
+                name="Upstream Model",
+                created=int(time.time()),
+                description="Test",
+                context_length=4096,
+                architecture=Architecture(
+                    modality="text",
+                    input_modalities=["text"],
+                    output_modalities=["text"],
+                    tokenizer="gpt2",
+                    instruct_type="none",
+                ),
+                pricing=Pricing(prompt=1.0, completion=2.0),
+                enabled=True,
+            )
+        ]
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(BaseUpstreamProvider, "fetch_models", mock_fetch_models)
+
+    # 1. Create a provider
+    provider_resp = await integration_client.post(
+        "/admin/api/upstream-providers",
+        json={
+            "provider_type": "custom",
+            "base_url": "https://api.example.com/v1",
+            "api_key": "test-key-2",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "provider_fee": 1.0,
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    provider_id = provider_resp.json()["id"]
+
+    # 2. Check initial price (should be prompt=1.0 * fee=1.0 = 1.0)
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/models")
+    models = resp.json()["data"]
+    target = next((m for m in models if m["id"] == upstream_model_id), None)
+    assert target is not None
+    assert target["pricing"]["prompt"] == 1.0
+
+    # 3. Update provider fee schedule
+    schedules = [
+        {"start_time": "00:00", "end_time": "23:59", "provider_fee": 3.0},
+    ]
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={"schedules": schedules},
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+
+    # 4. Check price again - I expect this to FAIL (still 1.0 instead of 3.0)
+    resp = await integration_client.get("/models")
+    models = resp.json()["data"]
+    target = next((m for m in models if m["id"] == upstream_model_id), None)
+    assert target is not None
+    assert target["pricing"]["prompt"] == 3.0

tests/integration/test_provider_fee_enforcement.py

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ async def test_enforce_lowest_provider_fee_for_same_url(
                 )
             ]
 
-        async def refresh_models_cache(self) -> None:
+        async def refresh_models_cache(self, skip_network: bool = False) -> None:
             pass
 
         def prepare_headers(self, request_headers: dict[str, str]) -> dict[str, str]:

tests/integration/test_provider_fee_schedules.py

@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+"""Integration tests for provider fee schedule API endpoints."""
+
+from typing import Any, Generator
+
+import pytest
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+from routstr.core.admin import admin_sessions
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ADMIN_TOKEN = "test-admin-token"
+
+
+def _auth_header() -> dict[str, str]:
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {ADMIN_TOKEN}"}
+
+
+async def _create_provider(client: AsyncClient, *, fee: float = 1.02) -> int:
+    """Create a test provider and return its ID."""
+    resp = await client.post(
+        "/admin/api/upstream-providers",
+        json={
+            "provider_type": "custom",
+            "base_url": "https://api.example.com/v1",
+            "api_key": "test-key",
+            "enabled": True,
+            "provider_fee": fee,
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
+    return resp.json()["id"]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fixtures
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _inject_admin_session() -> Generator[None, None, None]:
+    """Inject a valid admin session token for all tests."""
+    import time
+
+    admin_sessions[ADMIN_TOKEN] = int(time.time()) + 3600
+    yield
+    admin_sessions.pop(ADMIN_TOKEN, None)
+
+
+@pytest.fixture(autouse=True)
+def _patch_reinitialize(monkeypatch: Any) -> None:
+    async def _noop(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        pass
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr("routstr.core.admin.reinitialize_upstreams", _noop)
+    monkeypatch.setattr("routstr.core.admin.refresh_model_maps", _noop)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# GET fee schedules
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_get_fee_schedules_empty_for_new_provider(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    resp = await integration_client.get(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.json() == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_get_fee_schedules_404_for_missing_provider(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    resp = await integration_client.get(
+        "/admin/api/upstream-providers/99999/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 404
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# PUT fee schedules
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_success(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    schedules = [
+        {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": 1.05},
+        {"start_time": "18:00", "end_time": "08:00", "provider_fee": 1.02},
+    ]
+    resp = await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={"schedules": schedules},
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    data = resp.json()
+    assert len(data) == 2
+    assert data[0]["start_time"] == "08:00"
+    assert data[0]["provider_fee"] == 1.05
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_persisted(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    """Saved schedules are returned by a subsequent GET."""
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    schedules = [{"start_time": "09:00", "end_time": "17:00", "provider_fee": 1.07}]
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={"schedules": schedules},
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    get_resp = await integration_client.get(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert get_resp.status_code == 200
+    assert get_resp.json()[0]["provider_fee"] == 1.07
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_replaces_existing(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    # Set initial schedule
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "12:00", "provider_fee": 1.03}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    # Replace with different schedule
+    resp = await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "14:00", "end_time": "20:00", "provider_fee": 1.08}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    data = resp.json()
+    assert len(data) == 1
+    assert data[0]["start_time"] == "14:00"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_overlap_rejected(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    schedules = [
+        {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "14:00", "provider_fee": 1.05},
+        {"start_time": "12:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": 1.03},
+    ]
+    resp = await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={"schedules": schedules},
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 400
+    assert "overlap" in resp.json()["detail"].lower()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_invalid_time_format_rejected(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    resp = await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "8:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": 1.05}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_invalid_fee_rejected(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    resp = await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": -0.5}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 400
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_empty_clears_schedules(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    # Set a schedule
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": 1.05}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    # Clear with empty list
+    resp = await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={"schedules": []},
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 200
+    assert resp.json() == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_put_fee_schedules_404_for_missing_provider(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    resp = await integration_client.put(
+        "/admin/api/upstream-providers/99999/fee-schedules",
+        json={"schedules": []},
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 404
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# DELETE fee schedules
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_delete_fee_schedules(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    # Add schedules
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": 1.05}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    # Delete
+    del_resp = await integration_client.delete(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert del_resp.status_code == 200
+    assert del_resp.json()["ok"] is True
+
+    # Verify schedules are gone
+    get_resp = await integration_client.get(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert get_resp.json() == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_delete_fee_schedules_404_for_missing_provider(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    resp = await integration_client.delete(
+        "/admin/api/upstream-providers/99999/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert resp.status_code == 404
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Fee schedules appear in provider list and detail
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_fee_schedules_in_provider_list(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": 1.05}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    list_resp = await integration_client.get(
+        "/admin/api/upstream-providers", headers=_auth_header()
+    )
+    assert list_resp.status_code == 200
+    providers = list_resp.json()
+    target = next((p for p in providers if p["id"] == provider_id), None)
+    assert target is not None
+    assert len(target["provider_fee_schedules"]) == 1
+    assert target["provider_fee_schedules"][0]["provider_fee"] == 1.05
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_fee_schedules_in_provider_detail(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "10:00", "end_time": "22:00", "provider_fee": 1.06}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    detail_resp = await integration_client.get(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}", headers=_auth_header()
+    )
+    assert detail_resp.status_code == 200
+    data = detail_resp.json()
+    assert len(data["provider_fee_schedules"]) == 1
+    assert data["provider_fee_schedules"][0]["start_time"] == "10:00"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Provider deletion clears fee schedules
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_provider_delete_clears_fee_schedules(
+    integration_client: AsyncClient, patched_db_engine: Any
+) -> None:
+    provider_id = await _create_provider(integration_client)
+    await integration_client.put(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        json={
+            "schedules": [
+                {"start_time": "08:00", "end_time": "18:00", "provider_fee": 1.05}
+            ]
+        },
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    # Delete provider
+    del_resp = await integration_client.delete(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}", headers=_auth_header()
+    )
+    assert del_resp.status_code == 200
+
+    # Provider is gone → schedule endpoint returns 404
+    get_resp = await integration_client.get(
+        f"/admin/api/upstream-providers/{provider_id}/fee-schedules",
+        headers=_auth_header(),
+    )
+    assert get_resp.status_code == 404

tests/integration/test_reservation_lifecycle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+"""
+Tests for the reservation lifecycle:
+
+  1. Reserve  → reserved_balance increases, available (total_balance) decreases.
+  2. Reserve  → revert  → reserved_balance restored, balance untouched.
+  3. Reserve  → finalise → reserved_balance released, balance charged.
+  4. Two parallel reserves, only one fits → second blocked with 402.
+  5. Three parallel reserves, two fit, third blocked with 402.
+  6. Sequential reserves until balance exhausted → next request blocked.
+
+Reservation invariant enforced by the atomic WHERE clause in pay_for_request:
+    balance - reserved_balance >= cost_per_request
+"""
+
+import asyncio
+import uuid
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+from sqlmodel.ext.asyncio.session import AsyncSession
+
+from routstr.auth import pay_for_request, revert_pay_for_request
+from routstr.core.db import ApiKey, create_session
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _make_key(balance: int, reserved: int = 0) -> ApiKey:
+    return ApiKey(
+        hashed_key=f"test_{uuid.uuid4().hex}",
+        balance=balance,
+        reserved_balance=reserved,
+        total_spent=0,
+        total_requests=0,
+    )
+
+
+async def _persist(session: AsyncSession, key: ApiKey) -> ApiKey:
+    session.add(key)
+    await session.commit()
+    await session.refresh(key)
+    return key
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 1 — Reserve: reserved_balance increases, available balance decreases
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_reserve_increases_reserved_balance(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """pay_for_request must increment reserved_balance by cost_per_request."""
+    cost = 100
+    key = await _persist(integration_session, _make_key(balance=500))
+
+    await pay_for_request(key, cost, integration_session)
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+
+    assert key.reserved_balance == cost
+    assert key.balance == 500  # balance column is NOT decremented on reserve
+    assert key.total_balance == 500 - cost  # available = balance - reserved
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 2 — Revert: reserved_balance restored, balance untouched
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_revert_releases_reservation(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """revert_pay_for_request must release the reservation without touching balance."""
+    cost = 150
+    key = await _persist(integration_session, _make_key(balance=300))
+
+    await pay_for_request(key, cost, integration_session)
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.reserved_balance == cost
+
+    await revert_pay_for_request(key, integration_session, cost)
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0
+    assert key.balance == 300  # balance unchanged after revert
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 3 — Finalise: reservation released + balance charged
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_finalise_releases_reservation_and_charges_balance(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """adjust_payment_for_tokens must zero reserved_balance and deduct actual cost."""
+    from unittest.mock import patch
+
+    from routstr.auth import adjust_payment_for_tokens
+    from routstr.payment.cost_calculation import CostData
+
+    cost = 100
+    actual = 80  # actual < reserved → refund path
+    key = await _persist(integration_session, _make_key(balance=500))
+
+    await pay_for_request(key, cost, integration_session)
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.reserved_balance == cost
+
+    cost_data = CostData(
+        base_msats=0,
+        input_msats=40,
+        output_msats=40,
+        total_msats=actual,
+        total_usd=0.0,
+        input_tokens=50,
+        output_tokens=50,
+    )
+    response_data = {"model": "test-model", "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 50, "completion_tokens": 50}}
+
+    with patch("routstr.auth.calculate_cost", return_value=cost_data):
+        await adjust_payment_for_tokens(key, response_data, integration_session, cost)
+
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 0
+    assert key.balance == 500 - actual
+    assert key.total_spent == actual
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 4 — Concurrent: second parallel reserve blocked when balance exhausted
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_concurrent_second_reserve_blocked_when_balance_exhausted(
+    patched_db_engine: None,
+) -> None:
+    """When two requests race for the same balance, only one succeeds; the other gets 402."""
+    cost = 300
+    key_hash = f"test_concurrent_{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        key = ApiKey(
+            hashed_key=key_hash,
+            balance=300,       # exactly enough for ONE reservation
+            reserved_balance=0,
+            total_spent=0,
+            total_requests=0,
+        )
+        session.add(key)
+        await session.commit()
+
+    results: list[str] = []
+
+    async def attempt_reserve() -> None:
+        async with create_session() as session:
+            fresh_key = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+            assert fresh_key is not None
+            try:
+                await pay_for_request(fresh_key, cost, session)
+                results.append("success")
+            except HTTPException as exc:
+                assert exc.status_code == 402
+                results.append("blocked")
+
+    await asyncio.gather(attempt_reserve(), attempt_reserve())
+
+    assert sorted(results) == ["blocked", "success"], (
+        f"Expected exactly one success and one 402, got: {results}"
+    )
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        final = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+        assert final is not None
+
+    # reserved_balance must equal exactly one reservation (not two)
+    assert final.reserved_balance == cost, (
+        f"Expected reserved_balance={cost}, got {final.reserved_balance}"
+    )
+    assert final.balance == 300, "Balance column must not be modified by reservation"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 5 — Concurrent: three requests, two fit, third blocked
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_three_parallel_reserves_third_blocked(
+    patched_db_engine: None,
+) -> None:
+    """Balance covers two reservations exactly; the third concurrent request must be blocked."""
+    cost = 100
+    key_hash = f"test_three_parallel_{uuid.uuid4().hex}"
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        key = ApiKey(
+            hashed_key=key_hash,
+            balance=200,       # fits exactly 2 reservations of 100
+            reserved_balance=0,
+            total_spent=0,
+            total_requests=0,
+        )
+        session.add(key)
+        await session.commit()
+
+    results: list[str] = []
+
+    async def attempt_reserve() -> None:
+        async with create_session() as session:
+            fresh_key = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+            assert fresh_key is not None
+            try:
+                await pay_for_request(fresh_key, cost, session)
+                results.append("success")
+            except HTTPException as exc:
+                assert exc.status_code == 402
+                results.append("blocked")
+
+    await asyncio.gather(
+        attempt_reserve(),
+        attempt_reserve(),
+        attempt_reserve(),
+    )
+
+    successes = results.count("success")
+    blocked = results.count("blocked")
+
+    assert successes == 2, f"Expected 2 successes, got {successes}: {results}"
+    assert blocked == 1, f"Expected 1 blocked, got {blocked}: {results}"
+
+    async with create_session() as session:
+        final = await session.get(ApiKey, key_hash)
+        assert final is not None
+
+    assert final.reserved_balance == cost * 2, (
+        f"Expected reserved_balance={cost * 2}, got {final.reserved_balance}"
+    )
+    assert final.balance == 200, "Balance column must not be modified by reservation"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Test 6 — Sequential exhaustion: reserve until empty, next request blocked
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_sequential_reserves_block_when_balance_exhausted(
+    integration_session: AsyncSession,
+) -> None:
+    """Repeated reservations should block as soon as available balance drops below cost."""
+    cost = 100
+    key = await _persist(integration_session, _make_key(balance=250))
+
+    # First two succeed (100 + 100 = 200 ≤ 250)
+    await pay_for_request(key, cost, integration_session)
+    await pay_for_request(key, cost, integration_session)
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 200
+    assert key.total_balance == 50  # 250 - 200
+
+    # Third: only 50 available, need 100 → blocked
+    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+        await pay_for_request(key, cost, integration_session)
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 402
+    await integration_session.refresh(key)
+    assert key.reserved_balance == 200  # unchanged after failed reserve

tests/integration/test_wallet_refund.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import pytest
 from httpx import AsyncClient
 from sqlmodel import select
 
-from routstr.core.db import ApiKey
+from routstr.core.db import ApiKey, CashuTransaction
 
 
 @pytest.mark.integration
@@ -356,6 +356,70 @@ async def test_concurrent_refund_requests(
     assert len(successful) + len(failed) == 5
 
 
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_refund_rejects_concurrent_topup_on_same_key(
+    authenticated_client: AsyncClient,
+    testmint_wallet: Any,
+) -> None:
+    """Test refund returns 409 when a concurrent topup changes the balance first."""
+    from routstr import balance as balance_module
+
+    wallet_response = await authenticated_client.get("/v1/wallet/")
+    assert wallet_response.status_code == 200
+    initial_balance = wallet_response.json()["balance"]
+
+    topup_amount_sat = 500
+    topup_token = await testmint_wallet.mint_tokens(topup_amount_sat)
+
+    validate_called = asyncio.Event()
+    allow_refund_to_continue = asyncio.Event()
+    original_validate_bearer_key = balance_module.validate_bearer_key
+    delayed_once = False
+
+    async def delayed_validate_bearer_key(*args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> ApiKey:
+        nonlocal delayed_once
+        key = await original_validate_bearer_key(*args, **kwargs)
+        if not delayed_once:
+            delayed_once = True
+            validate_called.set()
+            await allow_refund_to_continue.wait()
+        return key
+
+    async def issue_refund() -> Any:
+        return await authenticated_client.post("/v1/wallet/refund")
+
+    async def issue_topup() -> Any:
+        await validate_called.wait()
+        try:
+            return await authenticated_client.post(
+                "/v1/wallet/topup", params={"cashu_token": topup_token}
+            )
+        finally:
+            allow_refund_to_continue.set()
+
+    with patch(
+        "routstr.balance.validate_bearer_key", new=delayed_validate_bearer_key
+    ):
+        refund_response, topup_response = await asyncio.gather(
+            issue_refund(), issue_topup()
+        )
+
+    assert topup_response.status_code == 200
+    assert topup_response.json()["msats"] == topup_amount_sat * 1000
+    assert refund_response.status_code == 409
+    assert (
+        refund_response.json()["detail"]
+        == "Balance changed concurrently. Please retry the refund."
+    )
+
+    final_balance_response = await authenticated_client.get("/v1/wallet/")
+    assert final_balance_response.status_code == 200
+    assert final_balance_response.json()["balance"] == (
+        initial_balance + topup_amount_sat * 1000
+    )
+
+
 @pytest.mark.integration
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_refund_during_active_usage(
@@ -394,6 +458,42 @@ async def test_refund_during_active_usage(
     assert response.json()["balance"] == 0
 
 
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_wallet_history_returns_apikey_transactions(
+    authenticated_client: AsyncClient,
+    testmint_wallet: Any,
+    integration_session: Any,
+) -> None:
+    wallet_response = await authenticated_client.get("/v1/wallet/")
+    api_key = wallet_response.json()["api_key"]
+    hashed_key = api_key[3:] if api_key.startswith("sk-") else api_key
+
+    topup_token = await testmint_wallet.mint_tokens(250)
+    topup_response = await authenticated_client.post(
+        "/v1/wallet/topup", params={"cashu_token": topup_token}
+    )
+    assert topup_response.status_code == 200
+
+    refund_response = await authenticated_client.post("/v1/wallet/refund")
+    assert refund_response.status_code == 200
+
+    history_response = await authenticated_client.get("/v1/wallet/history")
+    assert history_response.status_code == 200
+    transactions = history_response.json()["transactions"]
+    assert len(transactions) >= 2
+    assert all("api_key_hashed_key" not in tx for tx in transactions)
+    assert {tx["type"] for tx in transactions} >= {"in", "out"}
+
+    db_result = await integration_session.execute(
+        select(CashuTransaction).where(
+            CashuTransaction.api_key_hashed_key == hashed_key
+        )
+    )
+    db_transactions = db_result.scalars().all()
+    assert len(db_transactions) >= 2
+
+
 @pytest.mark.integration
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_mint_unavailability_handling(

tests/integration/test_wallet_topup.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import pytest
 from httpx import AsyncClient
 from sqlmodel import select
 
-from routstr.core.db import ApiKey
+from routstr.core.db import ApiKey, CashuTransaction
 
 from .utils import (
     CashuTokenGenerator,
@@ -71,6 +71,16 @@ async def test_topup_with_valid_token(  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
     assert db_key.balance == new_balance
     assert db_key.balance == initial_balance + (topup_amount * 1000)
 
+    tx_result = await integration_session.execute(
+        select(CashuTransaction).where(
+            CashuTransaction.token == token,
+            CashuTransaction.type == "in",
+        )
+    )
+    tx = tx_result.scalar_one()
+    assert tx.api_key_hashed_key == hashed_key
+    assert tx.source == "apikey"
+
 
 @pytest.mark.integration
 @pytest.mark.asyncio

tests/unit/test_balance.py

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import json
-from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 
 import pytest
 from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
 
 from routstr.balance import refund_wallet_endpoint
-from routstr.core.db import CashuTransaction
+from routstr.core.db import ApiKey, CashuTransaction
+from routstr.wallet import credit_balance
 
 
 def _make_cashu_tx(
@@ -29,6 +30,12 @@ def _exec_result(tx: CashuTransaction | None) -> MagicMock:
     return result
 
 
+def _update_result(rowcount: int) -> MagicMock:
+    result = MagicMock()
+    result.rowcount = rowcount
+    return result
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_refund_x_cashu_returns_token() -> None:
     x_cashu_token = "cashuAtest_token_value"
@@ -114,3 +121,237 @@ async def test_refund_x_cashu_swept_raises_410() -> None:
         )
 
     assert exc_info.value.status_code == 410
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# source field defaults
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_cashu_transaction_source_defaults_to_x_cashu() -> None:
+    tx = CashuTransaction(token="cashuAtest", amount=100, unit="msat")
+    assert tx.source == "x-cashu"
+
+
+def test_cashu_transaction_source_can_be_apikey() -> None:
+    tx = CashuTransaction(token="cashuAtest", amount=100, unit="msat", source="apikey")
+    assert tx.source == "apikey"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# apikey-based refund: token logging and CashuTransaction storage
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _make_api_key(
+    balance: int = 5000,
+    refund_currency: str | None = "sat",
+    refund_mint_url: str | None = "https://mint.example.com",
+    refund_address: str | None = None,
+    parent_key_hash: str | None = None,
+) -> ApiKey:
+    key = ApiKey(hashed_key="testhash")
+    key.balance = balance
+    key.reserved_balance = 0
+    key.refund_currency = refund_currency
+    key.refund_mint_url = refund_mint_url
+    key.refund_address = refund_address
+    key.parent_key_hash = parent_key_hash
+    key.total_spent = 0
+    key.total_requests = 0
+    return key
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_apikey_refund_stores_cashu_transaction_with_apikey_source() -> None:
+    key = _make_api_key(balance=5000, refund_currency="sat")
+    refund_token = "cashuArefund_apikey_token"
+
+    session = MagicMock()
+    session.exec = AsyncMock(return_value=_update_result(1))
+    session.add = MagicMock()
+    session.commit = AsyncMock()
+
+    with (
+        patch("routstr.balance.validate_bearer_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.get_billing_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.send_token", AsyncMock(return_value=refund_token)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.store_cashu_transaction", AsyncMock()) as mock_store,
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_get", AsyncMock(return_value=None)),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_set", AsyncMock()),
+    ):
+        result = await refund_wallet_endpoint(
+            authorization="Bearer sk-testhash",
+            x_cashu=None,
+            session=session,
+        )
+
+    assert isinstance(result, dict)
+    assert result["token"] == refund_token
+
+    mock_store.assert_awaited_once()
+    call_kwargs = mock_store.call_args.kwargs
+    assert call_kwargs["source"] == "apikey"
+    assert call_kwargs["token"] == refund_token
+    assert call_kwargs["typ"] == "out"
+    assert call_kwargs["api_key_hashed_key"] == key.hashed_key
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_apikey_refund_logs_token() -> None:
+    key = _make_api_key(balance=5000, refund_currency="sat")
+    refund_token = "cashuAlogged_token"
+
+    session = MagicMock()
+    session.exec = AsyncMock(return_value=_update_result(1))
+    session.add = MagicMock()
+    session.commit = AsyncMock()
+
+    with (
+        patch("routstr.balance.validate_bearer_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.get_billing_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.send_token", AsyncMock(return_value=refund_token)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.store_cashu_transaction", AsyncMock()),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_get", AsyncMock(return_value=None)),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_set", AsyncMock()),
+        patch("routstr.balance.logger") as mock_logger,
+    ):
+        await refund_wallet_endpoint(
+            authorization="Bearer sk-testhash",
+            x_cashu=None,
+            session=session,
+        )
+
+    calls = [str(c) for c in mock_logger.info.call_args_list]
+    assert any("cashu token issued" in c for c in calls)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_apikey_refund_log_includes_path() -> None:
+    key = _make_api_key(balance=5000, refund_currency="sat")
+    refund_token = "cashuApath_token"
+
+    session = MagicMock()
+    session.exec = AsyncMock(return_value=_update_result(1))
+    session.add = MagicMock()
+    session.commit = AsyncMock()
+
+    with (
+        patch("routstr.balance.validate_bearer_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.get_billing_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.send_token", AsyncMock(return_value=refund_token)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.store_cashu_transaction", AsyncMock()),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_get", AsyncMock(return_value=None)),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_set", AsyncMock()),
+        patch("routstr.balance.logger") as mock_logger,
+    ):
+        await refund_wallet_endpoint(
+            authorization="Bearer sk-testhash",
+            x_cashu=None,
+            session=session,
+        )
+
+    # Find the "cashu token issued" call and verify extra contains the path
+    token_issued_calls = [
+        c for c in mock_logger.info.call_args_list
+        if c.args and "cashu token issued" in c.args[0]
+    ]
+    assert len(token_issued_calls) == 1
+    extra = token_issued_calls[0].kwargs.get("extra", {})
+    assert extra.get("path") == "/v1/wallet/refund"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_apikey_refund_rejects_on_concurrent_balance_change() -> None:
+    """When the debit CAS fails (rowcount=0), no token is minted and 409 is returned."""
+    from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+    key = _make_api_key(balance=5000, refund_currency="sat")
+
+    session = MagicMock()
+    # Debit returns rowcount=0 → balance changed concurrently
+    session.exec = AsyncMock(return_value=_update_result(0))
+    session.commit = AsyncMock()
+
+    mock_send_token = AsyncMock(return_value="cashuAshould_not_be_minted")
+
+    with (
+        patch("routstr.balance.validate_bearer_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.get_billing_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.send_token", mock_send_token),
+        patch("routstr.balance.store_cashu_transaction", AsyncMock()),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_get", AsyncMock(return_value=None)),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_set", AsyncMock()),
+    ):
+        with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+            await refund_wallet_endpoint(
+                authorization="Bearer sk-testhash",
+                x_cashu=None,
+                session=session,
+            )
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 409
+    # Crucially: send_token must NOT have been called
+    mock_send_token.assert_not_awaited()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_credit_balance_stores_apikey_transaction_history() -> None:
+    key = _make_api_key(balance=1000)
+    session = MagicMock()
+    session.exec = AsyncMock(return_value=_update_result(1))
+    session.commit = AsyncMock()
+    session.refresh = AsyncMock()
+
+    with (
+        patch(
+            "routstr.wallet.recieve_token",
+            AsyncMock(return_value=(100, "sat", "https://mint.example")),
+        ),
+        patch("routstr.wallet.store_cashu_transaction", AsyncMock()) as mock_store,
+    ):
+        amount = await credit_balance("cashuAtopup_token", key, session)
+
+    assert amount == 100_000
+    mock_store.assert_awaited_once()
+    call_kwargs = mock_store.call_args.kwargs
+    assert call_kwargs["typ"] == "in"
+    assert call_kwargs["source"] == "apikey"
+    assert call_kwargs["api_key_hashed_key"] == key.hashed_key
+    assert call_kwargs["amount"] == 100
+    assert call_kwargs["unit"] == "sat"
+    assert call_kwargs["token"] == "cashuAtopup_token"
+    assert call_kwargs["mint_url"] == "https://mint.example"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_apikey_refund_restores_balance_on_mint_failure() -> None:
+    """When debit succeeds but minting fails, balance must be restored."""
+    from fastapi import HTTPException
+
+    key = _make_api_key(balance=5000, refund_currency="sat")
+
+    # First exec call = debit (succeeds), second = restore
+    session = MagicMock()
+    session.exec = AsyncMock(side_effect=[_update_result(1), _update_result(1)])
+    session.commit = AsyncMock()
+
+    with (
+        patch("routstr.balance.validate_bearer_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.get_billing_key", AsyncMock(return_value=key)),
+        patch("routstr.balance.send_token", AsyncMock(side_effect=Exception("mint down"))),
+        patch("routstr.balance.store_cashu_transaction", AsyncMock()),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_get", AsyncMock(return_value=None)),
+        patch("routstr.balance._refund_cache_set", AsyncMock()),
+        patch("routstr.balance.logger"),
+    ):
+        with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as exc_info:
+            await refund_wallet_endpoint(
+                authorization="Bearer sk-testhash",
+                x_cashu=None,
+                session=session,
+            )
+
+    assert exc_info.value.status_code == 503
+    # Verify two exec calls: debit + restore
+    assert session.exec.await_count == 2

tests/unit/test_fee_schedule.py

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+"""Unit tests for routstr.payment.fee_schedule."""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+import pytest
+from pydantic.v1 import ValidationError
+
+from routstr.payment.fee_schedule import (
+    FeeTimeRange,
+    get_active_fee,
+    ranges_overlap,
+    validate_no_overlaps,
+)
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _r(start: str, end: str, fee: float = 1.05) -> FeeTimeRange:
+    return FeeTimeRange(start_time=start, end_time=end, provider_fee=fee)
+
+
+def _now(h: int, m: int = 0) -> datetime:
+    return datetime(2026, 1, 1, h, m, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# FeeTimeRange validation
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestFeeTimeRangeValidation:
+    def test_valid_range(self) -> None:
+        r = _r("08:00", "18:00", 1.05)
+        assert r.start_time == "08:00"
+        assert r.end_time == "18:00"
+        assert r.provider_fee == 1.05
+
+    def test_invalid_start_time_format(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="HH:MM"):
+            _r("8:00", "18:00")
+
+    def test_invalid_end_time_hour_out_of_range(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            _r("08:00", "24:00")
+
+    def test_invalid_end_time_minute_out_of_range(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            _r("08:00", "18:60")
+
+    def test_invalid_time_letters(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            _r("ab:cd", "18:00")
+
+    def test_fee_must_be_positive(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError, match="provider_fee must be > 0"):
+            _r("08:00", "18:00", fee=0.0)
+
+    def test_fee_negative_rejected(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
+            _r("08:00", "18:00", fee=-0.5)
+
+    def test_fee_below_one_allowed(self) -> None:
+        r = _r("08:00", "18:00", fee=0.95)
+        assert r.provider_fee == 0.95
+
+    def test_boundary_times_valid(self) -> None:
+        r = _r("00:00", "23:59")
+        assert r.start_time == "00:00"
+        assert r.end_time == "23:59"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# ranges_overlap
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestRangesOverlap:
+    def test_non_overlapping_ranges(self) -> None:
+        assert not ranges_overlap(_r("08:00", "12:00"), _r("12:00", "18:00"))
+
+    def test_overlapping_ranges(self) -> None:
+        assert ranges_overlap(_r("08:00", "14:00"), _r("12:00", "18:00"))
+
+    def test_one_contains_the_other(self) -> None:
+        assert ranges_overlap(_r("08:00", "20:00"), _r("10:00", "18:00"))
+
+    def test_identical_ranges_overlap(self) -> None:
+        assert ranges_overlap(_r("08:00", "12:00"), _r("08:00", "12:00"))
+
+    def test_adjacent_non_overlapping(self) -> None:
+        # end of first == start of second → no overlap (open interval [start, end))
+        assert not ranges_overlap(_r("06:00", "12:00"), _r("12:00", "18:00"))
+
+    def test_midnight_crossing_vs_day_range_overlap(self) -> None:
+        # 22:00–06:00 crosses midnight; 04:00–08:00 should overlap (both cover 04:00–06:00)
+        assert ranges_overlap(_r("22:00", "06:00"), _r("04:00", "08:00"))
+
+    def test_midnight_crossing_vs_non_overlapping_day_range(self) -> None:
+        # 22:00–06:00 does NOT cover 10:00–18:00
+        assert not ranges_overlap(_r("22:00", "06:00"), _r("10:00", "18:00"))
+
+    def test_two_midnight_crossing_ranges_overlap(self) -> None:
+        assert ranges_overlap(_r("20:00", "04:00"), _r("22:00", "06:00"))
+
+    def test_two_midnight_crossing_ranges_non_overlap(self) -> None:
+        # 21:00–23:00 and 23:00–21:00 (full day minus one hour): they do overlap
+        # Let's use a case that genuinely doesn't: 21:00–22:00 adjacent
+        # Actually for two midnight-crossing ranges it's hard to not overlap—let's test equal endpoints
+        assert not ranges_overlap(_r("22:00", "23:00"), _r("23:00", "01:00"))
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# validate_no_overlaps
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestValidateNoOverlaps:
+    def test_no_overlaps_passes(self) -> None:
+        validate_no_overlaps(
+            [_r("00:00", "08:00"), _r("08:00", "16:00"), _r("16:00", "23:59")]
+        )
+
+    def test_overlap_raises(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="overlap"):
+            validate_no_overlaps([_r("08:00", "14:00"), _r("12:00", "18:00")])
+
+    def test_single_range_passes(self) -> None:
+        validate_no_overlaps([_r("08:00", "18:00")])
+
+    def test_empty_list_passes(self) -> None:
+        validate_no_overlaps([])
+
+    def test_midnight_crossing_overlap_detected(self) -> None:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="overlap"):
+            validate_no_overlaps([_r("22:00", "06:00"), _r("04:00", "08:00")])
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# get_active_fee
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestGetActiveFee:
+    def test_returns_default_when_no_ranges(self) -> None:
+        assert get_active_fee(None, 1.01) == 1.01
+
+    def test_returns_default_for_empty_list(self) -> None:
+        assert get_active_fee([], 1.01) == 1.01
+
+    def test_returns_matching_fee(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(12)) == 1.05
+
+    def test_returns_default_when_no_match(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(20)) == 1.01
+
+    def test_boundary_start_inclusive(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(8, 0)) == 1.05
+
+    def test_boundary_end_exclusive(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(18, 0)) == 1.01
+
+    def test_midnight_crossing_before_midnight(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [_r("22:00", "06:00", fee=1.03)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(23)) == 1.03
+
+    def test_midnight_crossing_after_midnight(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [_r("22:00", "06:00", fee=1.03)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(3)) == 1.03
+
+    def test_midnight_crossing_outside_range(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [_r("22:00", "06:00", fee=1.03)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(12)) == 1.01
+
+    def test_multiple_ranges_correct_match(self) -> None:
+        ranges = [
+            _r("00:00", "08:00", fee=1.02),
+            _r("08:00", "16:00", fee=1.05),
+            _r("16:00", "23:59", fee=1.03),
+        ]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(10)) == 1.05
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(2)) == 1.02
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(20)) == 1.03
+
+    def test_first_matching_range_wins(self) -> None:
+        # When multiple ranges could match (should not happen if validated),
+        # the first one wins.
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "20:00", fee=1.05), _r("10:00", "12:00", fee=1.02)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=_now(11)) == 1.05
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Timezone-aware inputs (CEST / CET)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestGetActiveFeeTimezones:
+    """Verify that tz-aware datetimes are normalised to UTC before matching."""
+
+    # CEST = UTC+2 (Central European Summer Time, used ~late March – late Oct)
+    CEST = timezone(timedelta(hours=2))
+    # CET = UTC+1 (Central European Time, used the rest of the year)
+    CET = timezone(timedelta(hours=1))
+
+    def test_cest_datetime_normalised_to_utc_matches(self) -> None:
+        # 10:00 CEST == 08:00 UTC — schedule 08:00–18:00 should match
+        now_cest = datetime(2026, 7, 1, 10, 0, tzinfo=self.CEST)
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_cest) == 1.05
+
+    def test_cest_datetime_normalised_to_utc_no_match(self) -> None:
+        # 06:00 CEST == 04:00 UTC — schedule 08:00–18:00 should NOT match
+        now_cest = datetime(2026, 7, 1, 6, 0, tzinfo=self.CEST)
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_cest) == 1.01
+
+    def test_cet_datetime_normalised_to_utc_matches(self) -> None:
+        # 09:00 CET == 08:00 UTC — schedule 08:00–18:00 should match
+        now_cet = datetime(2026, 1, 15, 9, 0, tzinfo=self.CET)
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_cet) == 1.05
+
+    def test_cet_datetime_before_utc_range(self) -> None:
+        # 08:30 CET == 07:30 UTC — schedule 08:00–18:00 should NOT match
+        now_cet = datetime(2026, 1, 15, 8, 30, tzinfo=self.CET)
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_cet) == 1.01
+
+    def test_cest_midnight_crossing_before_midnight(self) -> None:
+        # 00:30 CEST == 22:30 UTC — schedule 22:00–06:00 UTC should match
+        now_cest = datetime(2026, 7, 2, 0, 30, tzinfo=self.CEST)
+        ranges = [_r("22:00", "06:00", fee=1.03)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_cest) == 1.03
+
+    def test_cest_midnight_crossing_after_midnight(self) -> None:
+        # 05:00 CEST == 03:00 UTC — schedule 22:00–06:00 UTC should match
+        now_cest = datetime(2026, 7, 2, 5, 0, tzinfo=self.CEST)
+        ranges = [_r("22:00", "06:00", fee=1.03)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_cest) == 1.03
+
+    def test_cest_midnight_crossing_outside_range(self) -> None:
+        # 14:00 CEST == 12:00 UTC — schedule 22:00–06:00 UTC should NOT match
+        now_cest = datetime(2026, 7, 2, 14, 0, tzinfo=self.CEST)
+        ranges = [_r("22:00", "06:00", fee=1.03)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_cest) == 1.01
+
+    def test_naive_utc_datetime_still_works(self) -> None:
+        # Naive datetimes are treated as UTC (defensive fallback path)
+        now_naive = datetime(2026, 1, 1, 12, 0)  # no tzinfo
+        ranges = [_r("08:00", "18:00", fee=1.05)]
+        assert get_active_fee(ranges, 1.01, _now=now_naive) == 1.05

tests/unit/test_models_refresh_loop.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+"""Regression tests for the periodic upstream models refresh loop."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+from typing import cast
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
+
+import pytest
+
+os.environ.setdefault("UPSTREAM_BASE_URL", "http://test")
+os.environ.setdefault("UPSTREAM_API_KEY", "test")
+
+from routstr.upstream.base import BaseUpstreamProvider  # noqa: E402
+
+
+class _FakeUpstream:
+    """Minimal stand-in for BaseUpstreamProvider used by the refresh loop.
+
+    Only ``base_url`` (for error logging) and ``refresh_models_cache`` (the call
+    under test) are exercised; everything else stays unused.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, name: str) -> None:
+        self.base_url = f"http://{name}"
+        self.refresh_models_cache = AsyncMock()
+
+
+def _make_fake_upstream(name: str) -> BaseUpstreamProvider:
+    # The loop only uses duck-typed attributes — cast keeps the test type-clean
+    # without dragging in BaseUpstreamProvider's full constructor.
+    return cast(BaseUpstreamProvider, _FakeUpstream(name))
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_refresh_loop_picks_up_providers_added_after_startup(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    """If a provider is added after the loop starts (e.g. via reinitialize_upstreams),
+    the next loop iteration must refresh it. Previously the loop captured the upstream
+    list at startup and missed any later additions."""
+    from routstr.core.settings import settings as global_settings
+    from routstr.upstream.helpers import refresh_upstreams_models_periodically
+
+    # Tight interval so the test finishes quickly.
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        global_settings, "models_refresh_interval_seconds", 1, raising=False
+    )
+
+    initial_upstream = _make_fake_upstream("initial")
+    live_list: list[BaseUpstreamProvider] = [initial_upstream]
+
+    # Stub out the post-iteration sats-pricing refresh so the loop body has no DB deps.
+    async def _noop_pricing_refresh() -> None:  # pragma: no cover - trivial stub
+        return None
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "routstr.payment.models._update_sats_pricing_once",
+        _noop_pricing_refresh,
+    )
+
+    task = asyncio.create_task(
+        refresh_upstreams_models_periodically(lambda: live_list)
+    )
+
+    try:
+        # Wait for the first iteration to refresh the initial upstream.
+        for _ in range(40):
+            if initial_upstream.refresh_models_cache.await_count >= 1:  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                break
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+        assert initial_upstream.refresh_models_cache.await_count >= 1, (  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            "loop did not refresh the initial upstream within the timeout"
+        )
+
+        # Simulate reinitialize_upstreams: replace the live list contents with new
+        # provider instances. The loop must observe the swap on its next tick.
+        new_upstream = _make_fake_upstream("added-after-startup")
+        live_list[:] = [new_upstream]
+
+        for _ in range(60):
+            if new_upstream.refresh_models_cache.await_count >= 1:  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+                break
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+
+        assert new_upstream.refresh_models_cache.await_count >= 1, (  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+            "loop did not refresh the upstream added after startup — "
+            "regression: list snapshot captured at startup"
+        )
+    finally:
+        task.cancel()
+        try:
+            await task
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            pass
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_refresh_loop_disabled_when_interval_non_positive(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    from routstr.core.settings import settings as global_settings
+    from routstr.upstream.helpers import refresh_upstreams_models_periodically
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        global_settings, "models_refresh_interval_seconds", 0, raising=False
+    )
+
+    upstream = _make_fake_upstream("never-refreshed")
+
+    # Loop must return immediately without ever touching the upstream.
+    await asyncio.wait_for(
+        refresh_upstreams_models_periodically(lambda: [upstream]),
+        timeout=1.0,
+    )
+    upstream.refresh_models_cache.assert_not_awaited()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

tests/unit/test_stream_id_injection.py

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import json
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock
+
+import pytest
+
+from routstr.core.db import ApiKey
+from routstr.upstream.base import BaseUpstreamProvider
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_stream_with_id_injection() -> None:
+    """Test that stream_with_cost correctly injects IDs into complete JSON chunks but skips partials."""
+    provider = BaseUpstreamProvider(
+        base_url="https://api.example.com", api_key="test_key"
+    )
+
+    # Mock response with mixed chunks:
+    # 1. Complete JSON without ID
+    # 2. Partial JSON (should be passed through)
+    # 3. Complete JSON with ID (should be preserved or updated if requested_model is set)
+    # 4. [DONE] message
+    chunks = [
+        b'data: {"choices": [{"delta": {"content": "Hello"}}]}\n\n',
+        b'data: {"choices": [{"delta": {"content": "',  # Partial
+        b'world"}}]}\n\n',
+        b'data: {"id": "existing-id", "choices": [{"delta": {"content": "!"}}]}\n\n',
+        b"data: [DONE]\n\n",
+    ]
+
+    async def aiter_bytes() -> AsyncGenerator[bytes, None]:
+        for chunk in chunks:
+            yield chunk
+
+    mock_response = MagicMock()
+    mock_response.status_code = 200
+    mock_response.headers = {"content-type": "text/event-stream"}
+    mock_response.aiter_bytes = aiter_bytes
+
+    key = MagicMock(spec=ApiKey)
+    key.hashed_key = "test_hash"
+    key.balance = 1000
+
+    background_tasks = MagicMock()
+
+    # We need to mock adjust_payment_for_tokens since it's called at the end
+    with MagicMock():
+        from routstr.upstream import base
+
+        # Mocking the module-level function used in the generator
+        base.adjust_payment_for_tokens = AsyncMock(
+            return_value={"total_usd": 0.1, "total_msats": 100}
+        )
+        # create_session() is used as an async context manager whose entered
+        # value exposes an awaitable .get(). Build a mock that behaves that
+        # way so the post-stream cost-chunk emission can run.
+        mock_session = MagicMock()
+        mock_session.get = AsyncMock(return_value=key)
+        mock_ctx = MagicMock()
+        mock_ctx.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=mock_session)
+        mock_ctx.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+        base.create_session = MagicMock(return_value=mock_ctx)
+
+        streaming_response = await provider.handle_streaming_chat_completion(
+            response=mock_response,
+            key=key,
+            max_cost_for_model=100,
+            background_tasks=background_tasks,
+            requested_model="test-model",
+        )
+
+        results = []
+        async for chunk in streaming_response.body_iterator:
+            results.append(chunk)
+
+        # Parse results
+        parsed_results = []
+        for r in results:
+            if isinstance(r, bytes) and r.startswith(b"data: "):
+                data = r[6:].decode().strip()
+                if data == "[DONE]":
+                    parsed_results.append(data)
+                else:
+                    try:
+                        parsed_results.append(json.loads(data))
+                    except (json.JSONDecodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
+                        parsed_results.append(
+                            data
+                        )  # Keep as string if it failed to parse
+
+        # Verifications
+        # 1. First chunk should have an injected ID and the requested model
+        assert isinstance(parsed_results[0], dict)
+        assert "id" in parsed_results[0]
+        assert parsed_results[0]["id"].startswith("chatcmpl-")
+        assert parsed_results[0]["model"] == "test-model"
+
+        # 2. Second chunk was partial, should be passed as-is
+        # In current implementation, re.split(b"data: ", b'data: {...') gives ['', '{...']
+        # The first empty part is skipped. The second part is processed.
+
+        # Check that we have results
+        assert len(parsed_results) >= 4
+
+        # Find the chunk that was "existing-id"
+        id_chunk = next(
+            r
+            for r in parsed_results
+            if isinstance(r, dict)
+            and "choices" in r
+            and r["choices"][0]["delta"].get("content") == "!"
+        )
+        assert id_chunk["id"] == parsed_results[0]["id"]
+        assert id_chunk["model"] == "test-model"
+
+        # 4. [DONE] should be there
+        assert "[DONE]" in parsed_results

tests/unit/test_wallet.py

@@ -220,6 +220,33 @@ async def test_recieve_token_untrusted_mint() -> None:
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_swap_to_primary_mint_already_on_primary() -> None:
+    from routstr.core.settings import settings
+    from routstr.wallet import swap_to_primary_mint
+
+    mock_token = Mock()
+    mock_token.mint = settings.primary_mint
+    mock_token.amount = 1000
+    mock_token.unit = "sat"
+    mock_token.proofs = []
+
+    mock_token_wallet = Mock()
+    mock_token_wallet.split = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+    mock_token_wallet.request_mint = AsyncMock()
+    mock_token_wallet.melt_quote = AsyncMock()
+
+    with patch("routstr.wallet.get_wallet", AsyncMock(return_value=mock_token_wallet)):
+        amount, unit, mint = await swap_to_primary_mint(mock_token, mock_token_wallet)
+
+    assert amount == 1000
+    assert unit == "sat"
+    assert mint == settings.primary_mint
+    mock_token_wallet.split.assert_called_once()
+    mock_token_wallet.request_mint.assert_not_called()
+    mock_token_wallet.melt_quote.assert_not_called()
+
+
 async def test_swap_to_primary_mint_success() -> None:
     """Test successful swap with dynamic fee calculation."""
     from routstr.wallet import swap_to_primary_mint

tests/unit/test_x_cashu_cost_sats.py

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+import json
+import os
+from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, patch
+
+import httpx
+import pytest
+
+os.environ.setdefault("UPSTREAM_BASE_URL", "http://test")
+os.environ.setdefault("UPSTREAM_API_KEY", "test")
+
+from routstr.payment.cost_calculation import CostData  # noqa: E402
+from routstr.upstream.base import BaseUpstreamProvider  # noqa: E402
+
+
+def _make_provider() -> BaseUpstreamProvider:
+    return BaseUpstreamProvider(base_url="http://test", api_key="test-key")
+
+
+def _make_httpx_response(status_code: int = 200) -> httpx.Response:
+    return httpx.Response(status_code, headers={})
+
+
+def _make_cost_data(total_msats: int = 5000) -> CostData:
+    return CostData(
+        base_msats=0,
+        input_msats=3000,
+        output_msats=2000,
+        total_msats=total_msats,
+        total_usd=0.00025,
+        input_tokens=100,
+        output_tokens=50,
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Non-streaming (chat completions)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_non_streaming_includes_cost_sats() -> None:
+    provider = _make_provider()
+    cost_data = _make_cost_data(total_msats=5000)
+
+    response_body = {
+        "model": "gpt-4o",
+        "usage": {
+            "prompt_tokens": 100,
+            "completion_tokens": 50,
+            "total_tokens": 150,
+            "cost": 0.00025,
+        },
+    }
+    content_str = json.dumps(response_body)
+    httpx_response = _make_httpx_response()
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(provider, "get_x_cashu_cost", new=AsyncMock(return_value=cost_data)),
+        patch.object(provider, "send_refund", new=AsyncMock(return_value="cashuA_refund_token")),
+    ):
+        response = await provider.handle_x_cashu_non_streaming_response(
+            content_str=content_str,
+            response=httpx_response,
+            amount=10000,
+            unit="msat",
+            max_cost_for_model=10000,
+            mint=None,
+            payment_token_hash=None,
+        )
+
+    body = json.loads(response.body)
+    assert "cost_sats" in body["usage"]
+    assert body["usage"]["cost_sats"] == 5  # 5000 msats // 1000
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_non_streaming_cost_sats_value_rounds_down() -> None:
+    provider = _make_provider()
+    cost_data = _make_cost_data(total_msats=1999)
+
+    response_body = {"model": "gpt-4o", "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 10}}
+    content_str = json.dumps(response_body)
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(provider, "get_x_cashu_cost", new=AsyncMock(return_value=cost_data)),
+        patch.object(provider, "send_refund", new=AsyncMock(return_value="cashuA_refund_token")),
+    ):
+        response = await provider.handle_x_cashu_non_streaming_response(
+            content_str=content_str,
+            response=_make_httpx_response(),
+            amount=10000,
+            unit="msat",
+            max_cost_for_model=10000,
+        )
+
+    body = json.loads(response.body)
+    assert body["usage"]["cost_sats"] == 1  # 1999 // 1000
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_non_streaming_preserves_existing_usage_fields() -> None:
+    provider = _make_provider()
+    cost_data = _make_cost_data(total_msats=3000)
+
+    response_body = {
+        "model": "gpt-4o",
+        "usage": {
+            "prompt_tokens": 100,
+            "completion_tokens": 50,
+            "total_tokens": 150,
+            "cost": 0.00015,
+        },
+    }
+
+    with (
+        patch.object(provider, "get_x_cashu_cost", new=AsyncMock(return_value=cost_data)),
+        patch.object(provider, "send_refund", new=AsyncMock(return_value="cashuA_refund_token")),
+    ):
+        response = await provider.handle_x_cashu_non_streaming_response(
+            content_str=json.dumps(response_body),
+            response=_make_httpx_response(),
+            amount=10000,
+            unit="msat",
+            max_cost_for_model=10000,
+        )
+
+    body = json.loads(response.body)
+    usage = body["usage"]
+    assert usage["prompt_tokens"] == 100
+    assert usage["completion_tokens"] == 50
+    assert usage["total_tokens"] == 150
+    assert usage["cost"] == 0.00015
+    assert usage["cost_sats"] == 3
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Streaming (chat completions)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+async def _collect_streaming(response: object) -> list[str]:
+    chunks: list[str] = []
+    async for chunk in response.body_iterator:  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        if isinstance(chunk, bytes):
+            chunks.append(chunk.decode("utf-8"))
+        else:
+            chunks.append(str(chunk))
+    return chunks
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_streaming_includes_cost_sats_in_usage_chunk() -> None:
+    provider = _make_provider()
+    cost_data = _make_cost_data(total_msats=7000)
+
+    usage_chunk = {
+        "id": "chatcmpl-123",
+        "model": "gpt-4o",
+        "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 100, "completion_tokens": 50, "total_tokens": 150},
+    }
+    content_str = "\n".join([
+        'data: {"id":"chatcmpl-123","model":"gpt-4o","choices":[]}',
+        f"data: {json.dumps(usage_chunk)}",
+        "data: [DONE]",
+    ])
+
+    with patch.object(provider, "get_x_cashu_cost", new=AsyncMock(return_value=cost_data)):
+        response = await provider.handle_x_cashu_streaming_response(
+            content_str=content_str,
+            response=_make_httpx_response(),
+            amount=10000,
+            unit="msat",
+            max_cost_for_model=10000,
+            mint=None,
+            payment_token_hash=None,
+        )
+
+    chunks = await _collect_streaming(response)
+
+    full_output = "".join(chunks)
+    usage_line = next(
+        line for line in full_output.split("\n") if '"usage"' in line and "cost_sats" in line
+    )
+    data_json = json.loads(usage_line.lstrip("data: ").strip())
+    assert data_json["usage"]["cost_sats"] == 7  # 7000 // 1000
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_streaming_non_usage_chunks_unmodified() -> None:
+    provider = _make_provider()
+    cost_data = _make_cost_data(total_msats=2000)
+
+    regular_chunk = {"id": "chatcmpl-123", "model": "gpt-4o", "choices": [{"delta": {"content": "hi"}}]}
+    usage_chunk = {"id": "chatcmpl-123", "model": "gpt-4o", "usage": {"prompt_tokens": 10}}
+    content_str = "\n".join([
+        f"data: {json.dumps(regular_chunk)}",
+        f"data: {json.dumps(usage_chunk)}",
+        "data: [DONE]",
+    ])
+
+    with patch.object(provider, "get_x_cashu_cost", new=AsyncMock(return_value=cost_data)):
+        response = await provider.handle_x_cashu_streaming_response(
+            content_str=content_str,
+            response=_make_httpx_response(),
+            amount=10000,
+            unit="msat",
+            max_cost_for_model=10000,
+        )
+
+    chunks = await _collect_streaming(response)
+
+    lines = [
+        line for line in "".join(chunks).split("\n")
+        if line.startswith("data: ") and line != "data: [DONE]"
+    ]
+    regular_line_data = json.loads(lines[0][6:])
+    # regular chunk should not have cost_sats injected
+    assert "cost_sats" not in regular_line_data.get("usage", {})

ui/app/providers/page.tsx

@@ -14,10 +14,11 @@ import {
 } from '@/lib/api/services/admin';
 import { AddProviderModelDialog } from '@/components/add-provider-model-dialog';
 import { BatchOverrideDialog } from '@/components/batch-override-dialog';
+import { ProviderFeeScheduleModal } from '@/components/provider-fee-schedule-modal';
 import { ProviderCard } from '@/components/provider-card';
 import { ProviderFormDialogContent } from '@/components/provider-form-dialog-content';
 import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton';
-import { AlertCircle, Plus, Server } from 'lucide-react';
+import { AlertCircle, Clock, Plus, Server } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Alert, AlertDescription } from '@/components/ui/alert';
 import { Dialog, DialogTrigger } from '@/components/ui/dialog';
 import {
@@ -70,6 +71,10 @@ export default function ProvidersPage() {
   const [batchOverrideProviderId, setBatchOverrideProviderId] = useState<
     number | null
   >(null);
+  const [feeScheduleState, setFeeScheduleState] = useState<{
+    open: boolean;
+    initialIds: number[];
+  }>({ open: false, initialIds: [] });
   const [providerDeleteTarget, setProviderDeleteTarget] =
     useState<UpstreamProvider | null>(null);
   const [modelDeleteTarget, setModelDeleteTarget] = useState<{
@@ -242,6 +247,7 @@ export default function ProvidersPage() {
       api_version: provider.api_version || null,
       enabled: provider.enabled,
       provider_fee: provider.provider_fee,
+      provider_fee_default: provider.provider_fee_default,
       provider_settings: provider.provider_settings || {},
     });
     setIsEditDialogOpen(true);
@@ -254,7 +260,7 @@ export default function ProvidersPage() {
       base_url: formData.base_url,
       api_version: formData.api_version,
       enabled: formData.enabled,
-      provider_fee: formData.provider_fee,
+      provider_fee_default: formData.provider_fee_default,
       provider_settings: formData.provider_settings,
     };
     if (formData.api_key) {
@@ -342,6 +348,13 @@ export default function ProvidersPage() {
     setBatchOverrideProviderId(providerId);
   };
 
+  const handleManageFeeSchedules = (providerId?: number) => {
+    setFeeScheduleState({
+      open: true,
+      initialIds: providerId !== undefined ? [providerId] : [],
+    });
+  };
+
   const availableMints = (globalSettings?.cashu_mints as string[]) || [];
 
   return (
@@ -352,12 +365,22 @@ export default function ProvidersPage() {
             title='Upstream Providers'
             description='Manage your AI provider connections and credentials.'
             actions={
-              <DialogTrigger asChild>
-                <Button>
-                  <Plus className='h-4 w-4' />
-                  Add Provider
+              <div className='flex gap-2'>
+                <Button
+                  variant='outline'
+                  onClick={() => handleManageFeeSchedules()}
+                  disabled={providers.length === 0}
+                >
+                  <Clock className='h-4 w-4' />
+                  Fee Schedules
                 </Button>
-              </DialogTrigger>
+                <DialogTrigger asChild>
+                  <Button>
+                    <Plus className='h-4 w-4' />
+                    Add Provider
+                  </Button>
+                </DialogTrigger>
+              </div>
             }
           />
           <ProviderFormDialogContent
@@ -437,6 +460,9 @@ export default function ProvidersPage() {
                 onEditProvider={() => handleEdit(provider)}
                 onDeleteProvider={() => setProviderDeleteTarget(provider)}
                 onBatchOverride={() => handleBatchOverride(provider.id)}
+                onManageFeeSchedules={() =>
+                  handleManageFeeSchedules(provider.id)
+                }
                 onAddModel={() => handleAddModel(provider.id)}
                 onEditModel={(model) => handleEditModel(provider.id, model)}
                 onDeleteModel={(modelId) =>
@@ -562,6 +588,16 @@ export default function ProvidersPage() {
           }}
         />
       )}
+
+      <ProviderFeeScheduleModal
+        providers={providers}
+        initialSelectedIds={feeScheduleState.initialIds}
+        isOpen={feeScheduleState.open}
+        onClose={() => setFeeScheduleState({ open: false, initialIds: [] })}
+        onSuccess={() => {
+          queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ['upstream-providers'] });
+        }}
+      />
     </AppPageShell>
   );
 }

ui/app/settings/page.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import * as React from 'react';
 import { Tabs, TabsContent, TabsList, TabsTrigger } from '@/components/ui/tabs';
 import { ServerConfigSettings } from '@/components/settings/server-config-settings';
 import { AdminSettings } from '@/components/settings/admin-settings';
+import { CliTokensSettings } from '@/components/settings/cli-tokens-settings';
 import { AppPageShell } from '@/components/app-page-shell';
 import { PageHeader } from '@/components/page-header';
 
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ export default function SettingsPage() {
           <TabsList variant='line' className='mb-4 w-full'>
             <TabsTrigger value='admin'>Admin Settings</TabsTrigger>
             <TabsTrigger value='server'>Server Config</TabsTrigger>
+            <TabsTrigger value='cli-tokens'>CLI Tokens</TabsTrigger>
           </TabsList>
           <TabsContent value='server'>
             <ServerConfigSettings />
@@ -26,6 +28,9 @@ export default function SettingsPage() {
           <TabsContent value='admin'>
             <AdminSettings />
           </TabsContent>
+          <TabsContent value='cli-tokens'>
+            <CliTokensSettings />
+          </TabsContent>
         </Tabs>
       </div>
     </AppPageShell>

ui/app/transactions/page.tsx

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 'use client';
 
 import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
-import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { useQuery, keepPreviousData } from '@tanstack/react-query';
 import { AppPageShell } from '@/components/app-page-shell';
 import { PageHeader } from '@/components/page-header';
 import {
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
   SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Badge } from '@/components/ui/badge';
+import { Tabs, TabsContent, TabsList, TabsTrigger } from '@/components/ui/tabs';
 import {
   Table,
   TableBody,
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ import {
   TableHeader,
   TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
-import { ScrollArea } from '@/components/ui/scroll-area';
+import { ScrollArea, ScrollBar } from '@/components/ui/scroll-area';
 import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton';
 import {
   Empty,
@@ -47,6 +48,10 @@ import {
   Copy,
   Check,
   Receipt,
+  Key,
+  Zap,
+  ChevronLeft,
+  ChevronRight,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { AdminService, type Transaction } from '@/lib/api/services/admin';
 import { format } from 'date-fns';
@@ -54,6 +59,147 @@ import { toast } from 'sonner';
 
 const STORAGE_KEY = 'routstr-transaction-filters';
 
+function TransactionTable({
+  transactions,
+  copiedId,
+  onCopy,
+  getStatusBadge,
+}: {
+  transactions: Transaction[];
+  copiedId: string | null;
+  onCopy: (text: string, id: string) => void;
+  getStatusBadge: (tx: Transaction) => React.ReactNode;
+}) {
+  if (transactions.length === 0) {
+    return (
+      <Empty className='py-8'>
+        <EmptyHeader>
+          <EmptyMedia variant='icon'>
+            <Receipt className='h-4 w-4' />
+          </EmptyMedia>
+          <EmptyTitle>No transactions found</EmptyTitle>
+          <EmptyDescription>
+            Try adjusting your filters or check back later.
+          </EmptyDescription>
+        </EmptyHeader>
+      </Empty>
+    );
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <ScrollArea className='h-[55svh] min-h-[420px] w-full sm:h-[600px]'>
+      <div className='min-w-[800px]'>
+        <Table>
+          <TableHeader>
+            <TableRow>
+              <TableHead>Type</TableHead>
+              <TableHead>Amount</TableHead>
+              <TableHead>Status</TableHead>
+              <TableHead>API Key</TableHead>
+              <TableHead>Request ID</TableHead>
+              <TableHead>Mint</TableHead>
+              <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
+              <TableHead className='text-right'>Actions</TableHead>
+            </TableRow>
+          </TableHeader>
+          <TableBody>
+            {transactions.map((tx) => (
+              <TableRow key={tx.id}>
+                <TableCell>
+                  <div className='flex items-center gap-2'>
+                    {tx.type === 'in' ? (
+                      <ArrowDownLeft className='h-4 w-4 text-green-500' />
+                    ) : (
+                      <ArrowUpRight className='h-4 w-4 text-blue-500' />
+                    )}
+                    <span className='capitalize'>{tx.type}</span>
+                  </div>
+                </TableCell>
+                <TableCell className='font-mono'>
+                  {tx.amount} {tx.unit}
+                </TableCell>
+                <TableCell>{getStatusBadge(tx)}</TableCell>
+                <TableCell>
+                  {tx.api_key_hashed_key ? (
+                    <div className='flex items-center gap-1 text-xs'>
+                      <span className='max-w-[120px] truncate font-mono'>
+                        {tx.api_key_hashed_key.slice(0, 12)}...
+                      </span>
+                      <Button
+                        variant='ghost'
+                        size='icon'
+                        className='h-4 w-4'
+                        onClick={() =>
+                          onCopy(tx.api_key_hashed_key!, tx.id + '-apikey')
+                        }
+                      >
+                        {copiedId === tx.id + '-apikey' ? (
+                          <Check className='h-3 w-3' />
+                        ) : (
+                          <Copy className='h-3 w-3' />
+                        )}
+                      </Button>
+                    </div>
+                  ) : (
+                    <span className='text-muted-foreground text-xs'>—</span>
+                  )}
+                </TableCell>
+                <TableCell>
+                  {tx.request_id ? (
+                    <div className='flex items-center gap-1 text-xs'>
+                      <span className='max-w-[150px] truncate font-mono'>
+                        {tx.request_id}
+                      </span>
+                      <Button
+                        variant='ghost'
+                        size='icon'
+                        className='h-4 w-4'
+                        onClick={() => onCopy(tx.request_id!, tx.id + '-req')}
+                      >
+                        {copiedId === tx.id + '-req' ? (
+                          <Check className='h-3 w-3' />
+                        ) : (
+                          <Copy className='h-3 w-3' />
+                        )}
+                      </Button>
+                    </div>
+                  ) : (
+                    <span className='text-muted-foreground text-xs'>—</span>
+                  )}
+                </TableCell>
+                <TableCell>
+                  <div className='flex max-w-[150px] items-center gap-1 truncate text-xs'>
+                    <span className='truncate'>{tx.mint_url}</span>
+                  </div>
+                </TableCell>
+                <TableCell className='text-xs whitespace-nowrap'>
+                  {format(tx.created_at * 1000, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')}
+                </TableCell>
+                <TableCell className='text-right'>
+                  <Button
+                    variant='ghost'
+                    size='icon'
+                    className='h-8 w-8'
+                    onClick={() => onCopy(tx.token, tx.id + '-token')}
+                    title='Copy Token'
+                  >
+                    {copiedId === tx.id + '-token' ? (
+                      <Check className='h-4 w-4' />
+                    ) : (
+                      <Copy className='h-4 w-4' />
+                    )}
+                  </Button>
+                </TableCell>
+              </TableRow>
+            ))}
+          </TableBody>
+        </Table>
+      </div>
+      <ScrollBar orientation='horizontal' />
+    </ScrollArea>
+  );
+}
+
 export default function TransactionsPage() {
   const [search, setSearch] = useState('');
   const [type, setType] = useState<string>('all');
@@ -81,21 +227,63 @@ export default function TransactionsPage() {
     localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, JSON.stringify(filters));
   }, [search, type, status]);
 
-  const { data, isLoading, refetch, isRefetching } = useQuery({
-    queryKey: ['transactions', type, status, search],
+  const PAGE_SIZE = 50;
+  const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<string>('x-cashu');
+  const [xcashuPage, setXcashuPage] = useState(0);
+  const [apikeyPage, setApikeyPage] = useState(0);
+
+  const typeParam = type === 'all' ? undefined : type;
+  const statusParam = status === 'all' ? undefined : status;
+  const searchParam = search || undefined;
+
+  const xcashuQuery = useQuery({
+    queryKey: [
+      'transactions',
+      'x-cashu',
+      typeParam,
+      statusParam,
+      searchParam,
+      xcashuPage,
+    ],
     queryFn: () =>
       AdminService.getTransactions(
-        type === 'all' ? undefined : type,
-        status === 'all' ? undefined : status,
-        search || undefined,
-        100
+        typeParam,
+        statusParam,
+        searchParam,
+        'x-cashu',
+        PAGE_SIZE,
+        xcashuPage * PAGE_SIZE
       ),
+    placeholderData: keepPreviousData,
+  });
+
+  const apikeyQuery = useQuery({
+    queryKey: [
+      'transactions',
+      'apikey',
+      typeParam,
+      statusParam,
+      searchParam,
+      apikeyPage,
+    ],
+    queryFn: () =>
+      AdminService.getTransactions(
+        typeParam,
+        statusParam,
+        searchParam,
+        'apikey',
+        PAGE_SIZE,
+        apikeyPage * PAGE_SIZE
+      ),
+    placeholderData: keepPreviousData,
   });
 
   const handleClearFilters = () => {
     setSearch('');
     setType('all');
     setStatus('all');
+    setXcashuPage(0);
+    setApikeyPage(0);
   };
 
   const copyToClipboard = (text: string, id: string) => {
@@ -145,15 +333,91 @@ export default function TransactionsPage() {
     .filter(Boolean)
     .join(' • ');
 
+  // Reset pages when filters change
+  useEffect(() => {
+    setXcashuPage(0);
+    setApikeyPage(0);
+  }, [type, status, search]);
+
+  const isRefetching = xcashuQuery.isRefetching || apikeyQuery.isRefetching;
+
+  const renderCardContent = (
+    query: typeof xcashuQuery,
+    page: number,
+    setPage: (p: number) => void
+  ) => {
+    if (query.isLoading) {
+      return (
+        <div className='space-y-2'>
+          {Array.from({ length: 8 }).map((_, index) => (
+            <Skeleton
+              key={`tx-loading-${index}`}
+              className='h-16 w-full rounded-lg'
+            />
+          ))}
+        </div>
+      );
+    }
+
+    const transactions = query.data?.transactions ?? [];
+    const total = query.data?.total ?? 0;
+    const totalPages = Math.ceil(total / PAGE_SIZE);
+
+    return (
+      <>
+        {totalPages > 1 && (
+          <div className='flex flex-col gap-2 border-b pb-3 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between'>
+            <span className='text-muted-foreground text-xs sm:text-sm'>
+              {page * PAGE_SIZE + 1}–{Math.min((page + 1) * PAGE_SIZE, total)}{' '}
+              of {total}
+            </span>
+            <div className='flex items-center gap-2'>
+              <Button
+                variant='outline'
+                size='sm'
+                disabled={page === 0}
+                onClick={() => setPage(page - 1)}
+              >
+                <ChevronLeft className='h-4 w-4' />
+                <span className='hidden sm:inline'>Previous</span>
+              </Button>
+              <span className='text-xs sm:text-sm'>
+                {page + 1} / {totalPages}
+              </span>
+              <Button
+                variant='outline'
+                size='sm'
+                disabled={page >= totalPages - 1}
+                onClick={() => setPage(page + 1)}
+              >
+                <span className='hidden sm:inline'>Next</span>
+                <ChevronRight className='h-4 w-4' />
+              </Button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+        )}
+        <TransactionTable
+          transactions={transactions}
+          copiedId={copiedId}
+          onCopy={copyToClipboard}
+          getStatusBadge={getStatusBadge}
+        />
+      </>
+    );
+  };
+
   return (
     <AppPageShell contentClassName='mx-auto w-full max-w-5xl overflow-x-hidden'>
       <div className='space-y-6'>
         <PageHeader
-          title='X-Cashu Transactions'
-          description='View all incoming and outgoing X-Cashu token transactions.'
+          title='Cashu Transactions'
+          description='View all incoming and outgoing Cashu token transactions.'
           actions={
             <Button
-              onClick={() => refetch()}
+              onClick={() => {
+                xcashuQuery.refetch();
+                apikeyQuery.refetch();
+              }}
               variant='outline'
               size='sm'
               disabled={isRefetching}
@@ -181,7 +445,7 @@ export default function TransactionsPage() {
                   <Search className='text-muted-foreground absolute top-2.5 left-2.5 h-4 w-4' />
                   <Input
                     id='search'
-                    placeholder='Search by ID, token or request ID...'
+                    placeholder='Search by ID, token, request ID or key hash...'
                     className='pl-8'
                     value={search}
                     onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
@@ -228,138 +492,68 @@ export default function TransactionsPage() {
           </CardContent>
         </Card>
 
-        <Card>
-          <CardHeader>
-            <div className='flex flex-col items-start gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between'>
-              <CardTitle>Transaction History</CardTitle>
-              {data && (
-                <Badge variant='secondary'>
-                  {data.transactions.length} entries
+        <Tabs
+          defaultValue='x-cashu'
+          value={activeTab}
+          onValueChange={setActiveTab}
+        >
+          <TabsList className='mb-4'>
+            <TabsTrigger value='x-cashu' className='flex items-center gap-2'>
+              <Zap className='h-4 w-4' />
+              X-Cashu
+              {xcashuQuery.data && (
+                <Badge variant='secondary' className='ml-1'>
+                  {xcashuQuery.data.total}
                 </Badge>
               )}
-            </div>
-            {hasActiveFilters && (
-              <CardDescription>
-                Showing transactions filtered by {activeFilterDescription}
-              </CardDescription>
-            )}
-          </CardHeader>
-          <CardContent className='overflow-hidden'>
-            {isLoading ? (
-              <div className='space-y-2'>
-                {Array.from({ length: 8 }).map((_, index) => (
-                  <Skeleton
-                    key={`tx-loading-${index}`}
-                    className='h-16 w-full rounded-lg'
-                  />
-                ))}
-              </div>
-            ) : data?.transactions && data.transactions.length > 0 ? (
-              <ScrollArea className='h-[55svh] min-h-[420px] w-full sm:h-[600px]'>
-                <Table>
-                  <TableHeader>
-                    <TableRow>
-                      <TableHead>Type</TableHead>
-                      <TableHead>Amount</TableHead>
-                      <TableHead>Status</TableHead>
-                      <TableHead>Request ID</TableHead>
-                      <TableHead>Mint</TableHead>
-                      <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
-                      <TableHead className='text-right'>Actions</TableHead>
-                    </TableRow>
-                  </TableHeader>
-                  <TableBody>
-                    {data.transactions.map((tx) => (
-                      <TableRow key={tx.id}>
-                        <TableCell>
-                          <div className='flex items-center gap-2'>
-                            {tx.type === 'in' ? (
-                              <ArrowDownLeft className='h-4 w-4 text-green-500' />
-                            ) : (
-                              <ArrowUpRight className='h-4 w-4 text-blue-500' />
-                            )}
-                            <span className='capitalize'>{tx.type}</span>
-                          </div>
-                        </TableCell>
-                        <TableCell className='font-mono'>
-                          {tx.amount} {tx.unit}
-                        </TableCell>
-                        <TableCell>{getStatusBadge(tx)}</TableCell>
-                        <TableCell>
-                          {tx.request_id ? (
-                            <div className='flex items-center gap-1 text-xs'>
-                              <span className='max-w-[150px] truncate font-mono'>
-                                {tx.request_id}
-                              </span>
-                              <Button
-                                variant='ghost'
-                                size='icon'
-                                className='h-4 w-4'
-                                onClick={() =>
-                                  copyToClipboard(
-                                    tx.request_id!,
-                                    tx.id + '-req'
-                                  )
-                                }
-                              >
-                                {copiedId === tx.id + '-req' ? (
-                                  <Check className='h-3 w-3' />
-                                ) : (
-                                  <Copy className='h-3 w-3' />
-                                )}
-                              </Button>
-                            </div>
-                          ) : (
-                            <span className='text-muted-foreground text-xs'>
-                              —
-                            </span>
-                          )}
-                        </TableCell>
-                        <TableCell>
-                          <div className='flex max-w-[150px] items-center gap-1 truncate text-xs'>
-                            <span className='truncate'>{tx.mint_url}</span>
-                          </div>
-                        </TableCell>
-                        <TableCell className='text-xs whitespace-nowrap'>
-                          {format(tx.created_at * 1000, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')}
-                        </TableCell>
-                        <TableCell className='text-right'>
-                          <Button
-                            variant='ghost'
-                            size='icon'
-                            className='h-8 w-8'
-                            onClick={() =>
-                              copyToClipboard(tx.token, tx.id + '-token')
-                            }
-                            title='Copy Token'
-                          >
-                            {copiedId === tx.id + '-token' ? (
-                              <Check className='h-4 w-4' />
-                            ) : (
-                              <Copy className='h-4 w-4' />
-                            )}
-                          </Button>
-                        </TableCell>
-                      </TableRow>
-                    ))}
-                  </TableBody>
-                </Table>
-              </ScrollArea>
-            ) : (
-              <Empty className='py-8'>
-                <EmptyHeader>
-                  <EmptyMedia variant='icon'>
-                    <Receipt className='h-4 w-4' />
-                  </EmptyMedia>
-                  <EmptyTitle>No transactions found</EmptyTitle>
-                  <EmptyDescription>
-                    Try adjusting your filters or check back later.
-                  </EmptyDescription>
-                </EmptyHeader>
-              </Empty>
-            )}
-          </CardContent>
-        </Card>
+            </TabsTrigger>
+            <TabsTrigger value='apikey' className='flex items-center gap-2'>
+              <Key className='h-4 w-4' />
+              API Key
+              {apikeyQuery.data && (
+                <Badge variant='secondary' className='ml-1'>
+                  {apikeyQuery.data.total}
+                </Badge>
+              )}
+            </TabsTrigger>
+          </TabsList>
+
+          <TabsContent value='x-cashu'>
+            <Card>
+              <CardHeader>
+                <div className='flex flex-col items-start gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between'>
+                  <CardTitle>X-Cashu Transaction History</CardTitle>
+                  {hasActiveFilters && (
+                    <CardDescription>
+                      Filtered by {activeFilterDescription}
+                    </CardDescription>
+                  )}
+                </div>
+              </CardHeader>
+              <CardContent className='overflow-hidden'>
+                {renderCardContent(xcashuQuery, xcashuPage, setXcashuPage)}
+              </CardContent>
+            </Card>
+          </TabsContent>
+
+          <TabsContent value='apikey'>
+            <Card>
+              <CardHeader>
+                <div className='flex flex-col items-start gap-2 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between'>
+                  <CardTitle>API Key Transaction History</CardTitle>
+                  {hasActiveFilters && (
+                    <CardDescription>
+                      Filtered by {activeFilterDescription}
+                    </CardDescription>
+                  )}
+                </div>
+              </CardHeader>
+              <CardContent className='overflow-hidden'>
+                {renderCardContent(apikeyQuery, apikeyPage, setApikeyPage)}
+              </CardContent>
+            </Card>
+          </TabsContent>
+        </Tabs>
       </div>
     </AppPageShell>
   );

ui/components/add-provider-model-dialog.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 'use client';
 
-import React, { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
+import React, { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { useForm } from 'react-hook-form';
 import { z } from 'zod';
 import { zodResolver } from '@hookform/resolvers/zod';
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ import {
   FormMessage,
 } from '@/components/ui/form';
 import { Switch } from '@/components/ui/switch';
-import { Loader2, Plus } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Check, Copy, Loader2, Plus } from 'lucide-react';
 import { toast } from 'sonner';
 import { AdminService, type AdminModel } from '@/lib/api/services/admin';
 
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ const FormSchema = z.object({
   instruct_type: z.string().default(''),
   canonical_slug: z.string().default(''),
   alias_ids_raw: z.string().default(''),
+  forwarded_model_id: z.string().default(''),
   upstream_provider_id: z.string().default(''),
   input_cost: z.coerce.number().min(0).default(0),
   output_cost: z.coerce.number().min(0).default(0),
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ export function AddProviderModelDialog({
   const [isPresetOpen, setIsPresetOpen] = useState(false);
   const [selectedPresetLabel, setSelectedPresetLabel] =
     useState('Select a preset');
+  const [forwardedModelIdCopied, setForwardedModelIdCopied] = useState(false);
 
   const form = useForm<FormData>({
     resolver: zodResolver(FormSchema) as never,
@@ -119,6 +121,7 @@ export function AddProviderModelDialog({
       instruct_type: '',
       canonical_slug: '',
       alias_ids_raw: '',
+      forwarded_model_id: '',
       upstream_provider_id: '',
       input_cost: 0,
       output_cost: 0,
@@ -180,6 +183,7 @@ export function AddProviderModelDialog({
             : '',
         canonical_slug: initialData.canonical_slug || '',
         alias_ids_raw: listToString(initialData.alias_ids),
+        forwarded_model_id: initialData.forwarded_model_id || initialData.id,
         upstream_provider_id:
           typeof initialData.upstream_provider_id === 'string'
             ? initialData.upstream_provider_id
@@ -223,6 +227,7 @@ export function AddProviderModelDialog({
         instruct_type: '',
         canonical_slug: '',
         alias_ids_raw: '',
+        forwarded_model_id: '',
         upstream_provider_id: '',
         input_cost: 0,
         output_cost: 0,
@@ -280,6 +285,7 @@ export function AddProviderModelDialog({
     );
     form.setValue('canonical_slug', model.canonical_slug || '');
     form.setValue('alias_ids_raw', listToString(model.alias_ids));
+    form.setValue('forwarded_model_id', model.forwarded_model_id || model.id);
     form.setValue(
       'upstream_provider_id',
       typeof model.upstream_provider_id === 'string'
@@ -385,6 +391,7 @@ export function AddProviderModelDialog({
         canonical_slug: data.canonical_slug?.trim() || null,
         alias_ids: listFromString(data.alias_ids_raw || ''),
         enabled: data.enabled,
+        forwarded_model_id: data.forwarded_model_id?.trim() || data.id,
       };
 
       if (isEdit) {
@@ -520,6 +527,53 @@ export function AddProviderModelDialog({
                 )}
               />
 
+              <FormField
+                control={form.control}
+                name='forwarded_model_id'
+                render={({ field }) => {
+                  const handleCopy = () => {
+                    const value = field.value || form.getValues('id');
+                    if (!value) return;
+                    navigator.clipboard.writeText(value);
+                    setForwardedModelIdCopied(true);
+                    setTimeout(() => setForwardedModelIdCopied(false), 1500);
+                  };
+                  return (
+                    <FormItem>
+                      <FormLabel>Client Alias ID</FormLabel>
+                      <FormControl>
+                        <div className='flex gap-2'>
+                          <Input
+                            placeholder={
+                              form.watch('id') || 'e.g., openai/gpt-4o'
+                            }
+                            {...field}
+                          />
+                          <Button
+                            type='button'
+                            variant='outline'
+                            size='icon'
+                            onClick={handleCopy}
+                            title='Copy model ID'
+                          >
+                            {forwardedModelIdCopied ? (
+                              <Check className='h-4 w-4 text-green-500' />
+                            ) : (
+                              <Copy className='h-4 w-4' />
+                            )}
+                          </Button>
+                        </div>
+                      </FormControl>
+                      <FormDescription>
+                        Alternate ID that clients can use to reference this
+                        model. Defaults to the model&apos;s own ID.
+                      </FormDescription>
+                      <FormMessage />
+                    </FormItem>
+                  );
+                }}
+              />
+
               <FormField
                 control={form.control}
                 name='name'

ui/components/api-endpoint-tester.tsx

@@ -471,7 +471,11 @@ export function ApiEndpointTester({ models }: ApiEndpointTesterProps) {
     testEndpointMutation.mutate(requestData);
   };
 
-  const enabledModels = models.filter((model) => model.isEnabled);
+  const enabledModels = Array.from(
+    new Map(
+      models.filter((model) => model.isEnabled).map((m) => [m.id, m])
+    ).values()
+  );
   const credentials = selectedModel ? getModelCredentials(selectedModel) : null;
   const endpointUrl = credentials
     ? buildEndpointUrl(

ui/components/edit-model-form.tsx

@@ -1,577 +0,0 @@
-'use client';
-
-import React, { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react';
-import { useForm } from 'react-hook-form';
-import { zodResolver } from '@hookform/resolvers/zod';
-import { z } from 'zod';
-import { type Model } from '@/lib/api/schemas/models';
-import { AdminService, type AdminModel } from '@/lib/api/services/admin';
-import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
-import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
-import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
-import {
-  Dialog,
-  DialogContent,
-  DialogDescription,
-  DialogHeader,
-  DialogTitle,
-} from '@/components/ui/dialog';
-import {
-  Form,
-  FormControl,
-  FormDescription,
-  FormField,
-  FormItem,
-  FormLabel,
-  FormMessage,
-} from '@/components/ui/form';
-import { Edit3, Loader2 } from 'lucide-react';
-import { toast } from 'sonner';
-import { Switch } from '@/components/ui/switch';
-
-const EditModelFormSchema = z.object({
-  name: z.string().min(1, 'Name is required'),
-  description: z.string().optional(),
-  context_length: z.number().min(0),
-  prompt: z.number().min(0),
-  completion: z.number().min(0),
-  enabled: z.boolean(),
-});
-
-type EditModelFormData = z.infer<typeof EditModelFormSchema>;
-
-const roundToFiveDecimals = (value: number | undefined | null): number => {
-  if (value === undefined || value === null || isNaN(value)) {
-    return 0;
-  }
-  return Math.round(value * 100000) / 100000;
-};
-
-const toNumber = (value: unknown, fallback = 0): number => {
-  if (typeof value === 'number' && Number.isFinite(value)) {
-    return value;
-  }
-  if (typeof value === 'string') {
-    const parsed = Number(value);
-    if (Number.isFinite(parsed)) {
-      return parsed;
-    }
-  }
-  return fallback;
-};
-
-const toStringArray = (value: unknown, fallback: string[]): string[] => {
-  if (!Array.isArray(value)) {
-    return fallback;
-  }
-  const filtered = value.filter(
-    (item): item is string => typeof item === 'string'
-  );
-  return filtered.length > 0 ? filtered : fallback;
-};
-
-interface EditModelFormProps {
-  model: Model;
-  providerId?: number;
-  onModelUpdate?: () => void;
-  onCancel?: () => void;
-  isOpen: boolean;
-}
-
-interface AdminModelData {
-  id: string;
-  name: string;
-  description?: string;
-  created: number;
-  context_length: number;
-  architecture: {
-    modality: string;
-    input_modalities: string[];
-    output_modalities: string[];
-    tokenizer: string;
-    instruct_type: string | null;
-  };
-  pricing: {
-    prompt: number;
-    completion: number;
-    request: number;
-    image: number;
-    web_search: number;
-    internal_reasoning: number;
-  };
-  per_request_limits: null | undefined;
-  top_provider: null | undefined;
-  upstream_provider_id: number;
-  enabled: boolean;
-}
-
-const normalizeAdminModelData = (
-  adminModel: AdminModel,
-  fallbackModel: Model,
-  providerId: number
-): AdminModelData => {
-  const pricingRecord =
-    adminModel.pricing && typeof adminModel.pricing === 'object'
-      ? (adminModel.pricing as Record<string, unknown>)
-      : {};
-
-  const architectureRecord =
-    adminModel.architecture && typeof adminModel.architecture === 'object'
-      ? (adminModel.architecture as Record<string, unknown>)
-      : {};
-
-  return {
-    id: adminModel.id,
-    name: adminModel.name,
-    description: adminModel.description || '',
-    created: toNumber(adminModel.created, Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000)),
-    context_length: Math.max(
-      0,
-      Math.trunc(
-        toNumber(adminModel.context_length, fallbackModel.contextLength || 4096)
-      )
-    ),
-    architecture: {
-      modality:
-        typeof architectureRecord.modality === 'string'
-          ? architectureRecord.modality
-          : fallbackModel.modelType || 'text',
-      input_modalities: toStringArray(architectureRecord.input_modalities, [
-        fallbackModel.modelType || 'text',
-      ]),
-      output_modalities: toStringArray(architectureRecord.output_modalities, [
-        fallbackModel.modelType || 'text',
-      ]),
-      tokenizer:
-        typeof architectureRecord.tokenizer === 'string'
-          ? architectureRecord.tokenizer
-          : '',
-      instruct_type:
-        typeof architectureRecord.instruct_type === 'string'
-          ? architectureRecord.instruct_type
-          : null,
-    },
-    pricing: {
-      prompt: roundToFiveDecimals(
-        toNumber(pricingRecord.prompt, fallbackModel.input_cost)
-      ),
-      completion: roundToFiveDecimals(
-        toNumber(pricingRecord.completion, fallbackModel.output_cost)
-      ),
-      request: toNumber(pricingRecord.request, 0),
-      image: toNumber(pricingRecord.image, 0),
-      web_search: toNumber(pricingRecord.web_search, 0),
-      internal_reasoning: toNumber(pricingRecord.internal_reasoning, 0),
-    },
-    per_request_limits:
-      adminModel.per_request_limits === null ||
-      adminModel.per_request_limits === undefined
-        ? adminModel.per_request_limits
-        : null,
-    top_provider:
-      adminModel.top_provider === null || adminModel.top_provider === undefined
-        ? adminModel.top_provider
-        : null,
-    upstream_provider_id:
-      typeof adminModel.upstream_provider_id === 'number'
-        ? adminModel.upstream_provider_id
-        : providerId,
-    enabled: adminModel.enabled !== false,
-  };
-};
-
-export function EditModelForm({
-  model,
-  providerId,
-  onModelUpdate,
-  onCancel,
-  isOpen,
-}: EditModelFormProps) {
-  const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);
-  const [adminModelData, setAdminModelData] = useState<AdminModelData | null>(
-    null
-  );
-  const [isNewOverride, setIsNewOverride] = useState(false);
-
-  const form = useForm<EditModelFormData>({
-    resolver: zodResolver(EditModelFormSchema),
-    defaultValues: {
-      name: model.name,
-      description: model.description || '',
-      context_length: model.contextLength || 4096,
-      prompt: roundToFiveDecimals(model.input_cost),
-      completion: roundToFiveDecimals(model.output_cost),
-      enabled: model.isEnabled !== false,
-    },
-  });
-
-  const loadAdminModel = useCallback(async () => {
-    if (!providerId) {
-      console.error('loadAdminModel called without providerId');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    try {
-      const adminModel = await AdminService.getProviderModel(
-        providerId,
-        model.id
-      );
-
-      const normalizedAdminModel = normalizeAdminModelData(
-        adminModel,
-        model,
-        providerId
-      );
-      setAdminModelData(normalizedAdminModel);
-      setIsNewOverride(false);
-
-      form.reset({
-        name: normalizedAdminModel.name,
-        description: normalizedAdminModel.description || '',
-        context_length: normalizedAdminModel.context_length,
-        prompt: normalizedAdminModel.pricing.prompt,
-        completion: normalizedAdminModel.pricing.completion,
-        enabled: normalizedAdminModel.enabled !== false,
-      });
-    } catch {
-      setIsNewOverride(true);
-      setAdminModelData({
-        id: model.full_name,
-        name: model.name,
-        description: model.description || '',
-        created: Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),
-        context_length: model.contextLength || 4096,
-        architecture: {
-          modality: model.modelType || 'text',
-          input_modalities: [model.modelType || 'text'],
-          output_modalities: [model.modelType || 'text'],
-          tokenizer: '',
-          instruct_type: null,
-        },
-        pricing: {
-          prompt: roundToFiveDecimals(model.input_cost),
-          completion: roundToFiveDecimals(model.output_cost),
-          request: 0,
-          image: 0,
-          web_search: 0,
-          internal_reasoning: 0,
-        },
-        per_request_limits: null,
-        top_provider: null,
-        upstream_provider_id: providerId,
-        enabled: model.isEnabled !== false,
-      });
-
-      form.reset({
-        name: model.name,
-        description: model.description || '',
-        context_length: model.contextLength || 4096,
-        prompt: roundToFiveDecimals(model.input_cost),
-        completion: roundToFiveDecimals(model.output_cost),
-        enabled: model.isEnabled !== false,
-      });
-    }
-  }, [providerId, model, form]);
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    if (isOpen && providerId) {
-      loadAdminModel();
-    } else if (isOpen && !providerId) {
-      console.error('EditModelForm opened without providerId', {
-        model,
-        providerId,
-      });
-      toast.error('Missing provider information for this model');
-    }
-  }, [isOpen, providerId, model, loadAdminModel]);
-
-  const onSubmit = async (data: EditModelFormData) => {
-    if (!providerId) {
-      console.error('onSubmit called without providerId', {
-        model,
-        providerId,
-      });
-      toast.error('Missing provider ID - cannot update model');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    if (!adminModelData) {
-      console.error('onSubmit called without adminModelData', {
-        model,
-        providerId,
-        adminModelData,
-      });
-      toast.error('Model data not loaded - please try reopening the form');
-      return;
-    }
-
-    setIsSubmitting(true);
-    try {
-      const payload = {
-        id: adminModelData.id,
-        name: data.name,
-        description: data.description || '',
-        created: adminModelData.created || Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000),
-        context_length: data.context_length,
-        architecture: adminModelData.architecture || {
-          modality: 'text',
-          input_modalities: ['text'],
-          output_modalities: ['text'],
-          tokenizer: '',
-          instruct_type: null,
-        },
-        pricing: {
-          prompt: roundToFiveDecimals(data.prompt),
-          completion: roundToFiveDecimals(data.completion),
-          request: 0,
-          image: 0,
-          web_search: 0,
-          internal_reasoning: 0,
-        },
-        per_request_limits: adminModelData.per_request_limits,
-        top_provider: adminModelData.top_provider,
-        upstream_provider_id: providerId,
-        enabled: data.enabled,
-      };
-
-      if (isNewOverride) {
-        await AdminService.createProviderModel(providerId, payload);
-        toast.success('Model override created successfully!');
-      } else {
-        await AdminService.updateProviderModel(
-          providerId,
-          adminModelData.id,
-          payload
-        );
-        toast.success('Model updated successfully!');
-      }
-
-      onModelUpdate?.();
-      onCancel?.();
-    } catch (error) {
-      const action = isNewOverride ? 'create' : 'update';
-      toast.error(`Failed to ${action} model. Please try again.`);
-      console.error(`Error ${action}ing model:`, error);
-    } finally {
-      setIsSubmitting(false);
-    }
-  };
-
-  const handleClose = () => {
-    if (!isSubmitting) {
-      onCancel?.();
-    }
-  };
-
-  return (
-    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={handleClose}>
-      <DialogContent className='max-h-[90vh] overflow-y-auto sm:max-w-[600px]'>
-        <DialogHeader>
-          <DialogTitle className='flex items-center gap-2'>
-            <Edit3 className='h-5 w-5' />
-            {isNewOverride ? 'Create Model Override' : 'Edit Model Override'}
-          </DialogTitle>
-          <DialogDescription>
-            {isNewOverride
-              ? `Create an override for &quot;${model.name}&quot;`
-              : `Update the model override for &quot;${model.name}&quot;`}
-          </DialogDescription>
-        </DialogHeader>
-
-        <Form {...form}>
-          <form onSubmit={form.handleSubmit(onSubmit)} className='space-y-4'>
-            <div className='grid grid-cols-1 gap-4 sm:grid-cols-2'>
-              <FormField
-                control={form.control}
-                name='name'
-                render={({ field }) => (
-                  <FormItem>
-                    <FormLabel>Display Name *</FormLabel>
-                    <FormControl>
-                      <Input
-                        placeholder='e.g., GPT-4'
-                        {...field}
-                        className='w-full'
-                      />
-                    </FormControl>
-                    <FormDescription>
-                      Custom display name for the model
-                    </FormDescription>
-                    <FormMessage />
-                  </FormItem>
-                )}
-              />
-
-              <FormField
-                control={form.control}
-                name='context_length'
-                render={({ field }) => (
-                  <FormItem>
-                    <FormLabel>Context Length *</FormLabel>
-                    <FormControl>
-                      <Input
-                        type='number'
-                        min='0'
-                        placeholder='4096'
-                        value={field.value ?? ''}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          const value = e.target.value;
-                          field.onChange(
-                            value === '' ? 0 : parseInt(value, 10) || 0
-                          );
-                        }}
-                        onBlur={(e) => {
-                          const value = parseInt(e.target.value, 10);
-                          field.onChange(
-                            Number.isNaN(value) ? 0 : Math.max(0, value)
-                          );
-                        }}
-                        className='w-full'
-                      />
-                    </FormControl>
-                    <FormDescription>
-                      Maximum context window size
-                    </FormDescription>
-                    <FormMessage />
-                  </FormItem>
-                )}
-              />
-            </div>
-
-            <FormField
-              control={form.control}
-              name='description'
-              render={({ field }) => (
-                <FormItem>
-                  <FormLabel>Description</FormLabel>
-                  <FormControl>
-                    <Textarea
-                      placeholder='Brief description of the model...'
-                      {...field}
-                      rows={3}
-                      className='w-full'
-                    />
-                  </FormControl>
-                  <FormDescription>
-                    Optional description or notes about the model
-                  </FormDescription>
-                  <FormMessage />
-                </FormItem>
-              )}
-            />
-
-            <div className='grid grid-cols-1 gap-4 sm:grid-cols-2'>
-              <FormField
-                control={form.control}
-                name='prompt'
-                render={({ field }) => (
-                  <FormItem>
-                    <FormLabel>Input Cost (per 1M tokens) *</FormLabel>
-                    <FormControl>
-                      <Input
-                        type='number'
-                        step='0.00001'
-                        min='0'
-                        placeholder='5.00000'
-                        value={field.value ?? ''}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          const value = e.target.value;
-                          field.onChange(value === '' ? 0 : parseFloat(value));
-                        }}
-                        onBlur={(e) => {
-                          const value = parseFloat(e.target.value);
-                          field.onChange(roundToFiveDecimals(value));
-                        }}
-                        className='w-full'
-                      />
-                    </FormControl>
-                    <FormDescription>
-                      Cost in USD per 1,000,000 input tokens (max 5 decimals)
-                    </FormDescription>
-                    <FormMessage />
-                  </FormItem>
-                )}
-              />
-
-              <FormField
-                control={form.control}
-                name='completion'
-                render={({ field }) => (
-                  <FormItem>
-                    <FormLabel>Output Cost (per 1M tokens) *</FormLabel>
-                    <FormControl>
-                      <Input
-                        type='number'
-                        step='0.00001'
-                        min='0'
-                        placeholder='15.00000'
-                        value={field.value ?? ''}
-                        onChange={(e) => {
-                          const value = e.target.value;
-                          field.onChange(value === '' ? 0 : parseFloat(value));
-                        }}
-                        onBlur={(e) => {
-                          const value = parseFloat(e.target.value);
-                          field.onChange(roundToFiveDecimals(value));
-                        }}
-                        className='w-full'
-                      />
-                    </FormControl>
-                    <FormDescription>
-                      Cost in USD per 1,000,000 output tokens (max 5 decimals)
-                    </FormDescription>
-                    <FormMessage />
-                  </FormItem>
-                )}
-              />
-            </div>
-
-            <FormField
-              control={form.control}
-              name='enabled'
-              render={({ field }) => (
-                <FormItem className='flex flex-row items-center justify-between rounded-lg border p-4'>
-                  <div className='space-y-0.5'>
-                    <FormLabel className='text-base'>Model Enabled</FormLabel>
-                    <FormDescription>
-                      Enable or disable this model override
-                    </FormDescription>
-                  </div>
-                  <FormControl>
-                    <Switch
-                      checked={field.value}
-                      onCheckedChange={field.onChange}
-                    />
-                  </FormControl>
-                </FormItem>
-              )}
-            />
-
-            <div className='flex justify-end gap-2 pt-4'>
-              <Button
-                type='button'
-                variant='outline'
-                onClick={handleClose}
-                disabled={isSubmitting}
-              >
-                Cancel
-              </Button>
-              <Button type='submit' disabled={isSubmitting}>
-                {isSubmitting ? (
-                  <>
-                    <Loader2 className='mr-2 h-4 w-4 animate-spin' />
-                    {isNewOverride ? 'Creating...' : 'Updating...'}
-                  </>
-                ) : isNewOverride ? (
-                  'Create Override'
-                ) : (
-                  'Update Model'
-                )}
-              </Button>
-            </div>
-          </form>
-        </Form>
-      </DialogContent>
-    </Dialog>
-  );
-}

ui/components/model-tester.tsx

@@ -197,7 +197,11 @@ export function ModelTester({ models }: ModelTesterProps) {
     testModelMutation.mutate(request);
   };
 
-  const enabledModels = models.filter((model) => model.isEnabled);
+  const enabledModels = Array.from(
+    new Map(
+      models.filter((model) => model.isEnabled).map((m) => [m.id, m])
+    ).values()
+  );
   const credentials = selectedModel ? getModelCredentials(selectedModel) : null;
 
   return (

ui/components/models-page.tsx

@@ -124,12 +124,14 @@ export function ModelsPage() {
             >
               Basic Testing
             </TabsTrigger>
+            {/*
             <TabsTrigger
               value='test-api'
               className='h-9 snap-start px-2 text-[13px] sm:h-10 sm:px-2.5 sm:text-sm'
             >
               API Endpoints
             </TabsTrigger>
+            */}
           </TabsList>
 
           <TabsContent value='manage' className='mt-0'>

ui/components/provider-card.tsx

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import {
   Trash2,
   Key,
   RotateCcw,
+  Clock,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { ProviderBalance } from '@/components/provider-balance';
 import { ProviderModelsPanel } from '@/components/provider-models-panel';
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ interface ProviderCardProps {
   onDeleteModel: (modelId: string) => void;
   onOverrideModel: (model: AdminModel) => void;
   onUpdateApiKey: (newKey: string) => void;
+  onManageFeeSchedules: () => void;
   availableMints: string[];
 }
 
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ export function ProviderCard({
   onDeleteModel,
   onOverrideModel,
   onUpdateApiKey,
+  onManageFeeSchedules,
 }: ProviderCardProps) {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
   const [isKeyModalOpen, setIsKeyModalOpen] = useState(false);
@@ -113,6 +116,14 @@ export function ProviderCard({
               >
                 {provider.enabled ? 'Enabled' : 'Disabled'}
               </Badge>
+              <Badge variant='outline' className='w-fit'>
+                Fee: {provider.provider_fee}x
+                {provider.provider_fee !== provider.provider_fee_default && (
+                  <span className='text-muted-foreground ml-1 font-normal'>
+                    (default: {provider.provider_fee_default}x)
+                  </span>
+                )}
+              </Badge>
             </div>
             <CardDescription className='break-all'>
               {provider.base_url}
@@ -189,6 +200,22 @@ export function ProviderCard({
               )}
             </Button>
 
+            <Button
+              variant='outline'
+              size='sm'
+              onClick={onManageFeeSchedules}
+              className='justify-center gap-1.5'
+              title='Manage fee schedules'
+            >
+              <Clock className='h-4 w-4' />
+              <span>Fees</span>
+              {(provider.provider_fee_schedules?.length ?? 0) > 0 && (
+                <Badge variant='secondary' className='ml-0.5 h-4 px-1 text-xs'>
+                  {provider.provider_fee_schedules!.length}
+                </Badge>
+              )}
+            </Button>
+
             <Button
               variant='outline'
               size='sm'

ui/components/provider-fee-schedule-modal.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,500 @@
+'use client';
+
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
+import { useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query';
+import { toast } from 'sonner';
+import { Plus, Trash2 } from 'lucide-react';
+import {
+  Dialog,
+  DialogContent,
+  DialogDescription,
+  DialogFooter,
+  DialogHeader,
+  DialogTitle,
+} from '@/components/ui/dialog';
+import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
+import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
+import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
+import { Badge } from '@/components/ui/badge';
+import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
+import {
+  AdminService,
+  FeeTimeRange,
+  UpstreamProvider,
+} from '@/lib/api/services/admin';
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Types
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export interface ProviderFeeScheduleModalProps {
+  providers: UpstreamProvider[];
+  /** Pre-selected provider IDs (e.g. clicked from a card). Empty = all selected. */
+  initialSelectedIds?: number[];
+  isOpen: boolean;
+  onClose: () => void;
+  onSuccess: () => void;
+}
+
+interface RangeRow extends FeeTimeRange {
+  _id: number;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Overlap helpers (mirrored from backend logic)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function _toMinutes(t: string): number {
+  const [h, m] = t.split(':').map(Number);
+  return h * 60 + m;
+}
+
+function _rangeIntervals(start: string, end: string): Array<[number, number]> {
+  const s = _toMinutes(start);
+  const e = _toMinutes(end);
+  if (s < e) return [[s, e]];
+  if (s > e)
+    return [
+      [s, 1440],
+      [0, e],
+    ];
+  return [[0, 1440]];
+}
+
+function _intervalsOverlap(a: [number, number], b: [number, number]): boolean {
+  return a[0] < b[1] && b[0] < a[1];
+}
+
+function findOverlappingIds(rows: RangeRow[]): Set<number> {
+  const overlapping = new Set<number>();
+  for (let i = 0; i < rows.length; i++) {
+    for (let j = i + 1; j < rows.length; j++) {
+      const a = rows[i];
+      const b = rows[j];
+      if (!a.start_time || !a.end_time || !b.start_time || !b.end_time)
+        continue;
+      for (const ia of _rangeIntervals(a.start_time, a.end_time)) {
+        for (const ib of _rangeIntervals(b.start_time, b.end_time)) {
+          if (_intervalsOverlap(ia, ib)) {
+            overlapping.add(a._id);
+            overlapping.add(b._id);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return overlapping;
+}
+
+function isValidTime(t: string): boolean {
+  return /^([01]\d|2[0-3]):([0-5]\d)$/.test(t);
+}
+
+function utcTimeNow(): string {
+  const now = new Date();
+  return now.toUTCString().slice(17, 22);
+}
+
+// Browsers may return "HH:MM:SS" from time inputs — strip seconds.
+function normalizeTime(v: string): string {
+  return v.slice(0, 5);
+}
+
+let _nextId = 1;
+
+function makeRow(partial: Partial<FeeTimeRange> = {}): RangeRow {
+  return {
+    _id: _nextId++,
+    start_time: partial.start_time ?? '',
+    end_time: partial.end_time ?? '',
+    provider_fee: partial.provider_fee ?? 1.05,
+  };
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Sub-component: read-only range list under a provider
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+function ProviderRangePreview({ schedules }: { schedules: FeeTimeRange[] }) {
+  if (schedules.length === 0) {
+    return (
+      <p className='text-muted-foreground pl-7 text-xs'>
+        No scheduled ranges — default fee always applies.
+      </p>
+    );
+  }
+  return (
+    <ul className='space-y-0.5 pl-7'>
+      {schedules.map((s, i) => (
+        <li key={i} className='flex items-center gap-2 text-xs'>
+          <span className='text-muted-foreground font-mono'>
+            {s.start_time} → {s.end_time} UTC
+          </span>
+          <Badge variant='outline' className='py-0 font-mono text-xs'>
+            ×{s.provider_fee.toFixed(3)}
+          </Badge>
+        </li>
+      ))}
+    </ul>
+  );
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Modal
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+export function ProviderFeeScheduleModal({
+  providers,
+  initialSelectedIds,
+  isOpen,
+  onClose,
+  onSuccess,
+}: ProviderFeeScheduleModalProps) {
+  const queryClient = useQueryClient();
+
+  const [selectedIds, setSelectedIds] = useState<Set<number>>(new Set());
+  const [rows, setRows] = useState<RangeRow[]>([]);
+  const [enforceOverride, setEnforceOverride] = useState(false);
+  const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
+  const [clearing, setClearing] = useState(false);
+
+  // Reset state when modal opens. If a single provider is pre-selected,
+  // pre-populate the editor with its existing schedule so the user can edit it.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isOpen) return;
+
+    const ids =
+      initialSelectedIds && initialSelectedIds.length > 0
+        ? new Set(initialSelectedIds)
+        : new Set(providers.map((p) => p.id));
+
+    setSelectedIds(ids);
+    setEnforceOverride(false);
+
+    if (initialSelectedIds && initialSelectedIds.length === 1) {
+      const provider = providers.find((p) => p.id === initialSelectedIds[0]);
+      const existing = provider?.provider_fee_schedules ?? [];
+      setRows(existing.length > 0 ? existing.map((s) => makeRow(s)) : []);
+      setEnforceOverride(true);
+    } else {
+      setRows([]);
+    }
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+  }, [isOpen]);
+
+  const overlapping = findOverlappingIds(rows);
+  const allSelected =
+    providers.length > 0 && selectedIds.size === providers.length;
+  const noneSelected = selectedIds.size === 0;
+
+  const toggleProvider = (id: number) => {
+    setSelectedIds((prev) => {
+      const next = new Set(prev);
+      next.has(id) ? next.delete(id) : next.add(id);
+      return next;
+    });
+  };
+
+  const toggleAll = () => {
+    setSelectedIds(
+      allSelected ? new Set() : new Set(providers.map((p) => p.id))
+    );
+  };
+
+  const addRow = () => setRows((prev) => [...prev, makeRow()]);
+
+  const removeRow = (id: number) =>
+    setRows((prev) => prev.filter((r) => r._id !== id));
+
+  const updateRow = (
+    id: number,
+    field: keyof FeeTimeRange,
+    value: string | number
+  ) =>
+    setRows((prev) =>
+      prev.map((r) => (r._id === id ? { ...r, [field]: value } : r))
+    );
+
+  const hasValidationErrors =
+    noneSelected ||
+    rows.some(
+      (r) =>
+        !isValidTime(r.start_time) ||
+        !isValidTime(r.end_time) ||
+        r.provider_fee <= 0
+    ) ||
+    overlapping.size > 0;
+
+  const handleSave = async () => {
+    if (hasValidationErrors) return;
+    const newSchedules: FeeTimeRange[] = rows.map(
+      ({ start_time, end_time, provider_fee }) => ({
+        start_time,
+        end_time,
+        provider_fee,
+      })
+    );
+    setSaving(true);
+    try {
+      await Promise.all(
+        [...selectedIds].map((id) => {
+          const provider = providers.find((p) => p.id === id);
+          const existing = provider?.provider_fee_schedules ?? [];
+
+          let finalSchedules: FeeTimeRange[];
+          if (enforceOverride) {
+            finalSchedules = newSchedules;
+          } else {
+            // Only override ranges that overlap with ANY of the new ranges.
+            // Keep existing non-overlapping ranges.
+            const keptExisting = existing.filter((ex) => {
+              return !newSchedules.some((nw) =>
+                _rangeIntervals(ex.start_time, ex.end_time).some((ia) =>
+                  _rangeIntervals(nw.start_time, nw.end_time).some((ib) =>
+                    _intervalsOverlap(ia, ib)
+                  )
+                )
+              );
+            });
+            finalSchedules = [...keptExisting, ...newSchedules];
+          }
+
+          return AdminService.updateFeeSchedules(id, finalSchedules);
+        })
+      );
+      queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ['upstream-providers'] });
+      toast.success(
+        `Fee schedules saved for ${selectedIds.size} provider${selectedIds.size > 1 ? 's' : ''}`
+      );
+      onSuccess();
+      onClose();
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast.error(
+        `Failed to save: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error'}`
+      );
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  const handleClearAll = async () => {
+    if (noneSelected) return;
+    setClearing(true);
+    try {
+      await Promise.all(
+        [...selectedIds].map((id) => AdminService.deleteFeeSchedules(id))
+      );
+      queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ['upstream-providers'] });
+      setRows([]);
+      toast.success(
+        `Fee schedules cleared for ${selectedIds.size} provider${selectedIds.size > 1 ? 's' : ''}`
+      );
+      onSuccess();
+    } catch (err) {
+      toast.error(
+        `Failed to clear: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Unknown error'}`
+      );
+    } finally {
+      setClearing(false);
+    }
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <Dialog open={isOpen} onOpenChange={(open) => !open && onClose()}>
+      <DialogContent className='max-h-[90vh] overflow-y-auto sm:max-w-[660px]'>
+        <DialogHeader>
+          <DialogTitle>Fee Schedules</DialogTitle>
+          <DialogDescription>
+            Select providers and configure time-based fee ranges (UTC). Outside
+            scheduled ranges each provider&apos;s default fee applies. Current
+            UTC time:{' '}
+            <Badge variant='outline' className='font-mono'>
+              {utcTimeNow()}
+            </Badge>
+          </DialogDescription>
+        </DialogHeader>
+
+        {/* Provider selection with existing-range read view */}
+        <div className='space-y-2'>
+          <div className='flex items-center justify-between'>
+            <Label className='text-sm font-medium'>Apply to providers</Label>
+            <button
+              onClick={toggleAll}
+              className='text-muted-foreground hover:text-foreground text-xs underline-offset-2 hover:underline'
+            >
+              {allSelected ? 'Deselect all' : 'Select all'}
+            </button>
+          </div>
+          <div className='divide-y rounded-md border'>
+            {providers.map((p) => (
+              <div key={p.id} className='space-y-1.5 px-3 py-2'>
+                <label className='hover:bg-muted/50 flex cursor-pointer items-center gap-3 rounded'>
+                  <Checkbox
+                    checked={selectedIds.has(p.id)}
+                    onCheckedChange={() => toggleProvider(p.id)}
+                  />
+                  <span className='flex-1 text-sm font-medium'>
+                    {p.provider_type}
+                  </span>
+                  <span className='text-muted-foreground truncate text-xs'>
+                    {p.base_url}
+                  </span>
+                </label>
+                <ProviderRangePreview
+                  schedules={p.provider_fee_schedules ?? []}
+                />
+              </div>
+            ))}
+          </div>
+          {noneSelected && (
+            <p className='text-destructive text-xs'>
+              Select at least one provider.
+            </p>
+          )}
+        </div>
+
+        {/* Fee range editor */}
+        <div className='space-y-4'>
+          <div className='flex items-center justify-between'>
+            <Label className='text-sm font-medium'>
+              New schedule{' '}
+              {!enforceOverride && (
+                <span className='text-muted-foreground font-normal'>
+                  (merges with existing ranges, overriding only overlaps)
+                </span>
+              )}
+            </Label>
+            <div className='flex items-center space-x-2'>
+              <Checkbox
+                id='enforce-override'
+                checked={enforceOverride}
+                onCheckedChange={(checked) => setEnforceOverride(!!checked)}
+              />
+              <label
+                htmlFor='enforce-override'
+                className='text-xs leading-none font-medium peer-disabled:cursor-not-allowed peer-disabled:opacity-70'
+              >
+                Enforce overriding everything
+              </label>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          <div className='space-y-2'>
+            {rows.length === 0 && (
+              <p className='text-muted-foreground rounded-md border border-dashed p-4 text-center text-sm'>
+                No ranges configured — saving with no ranges will clear
+                schedules.
+              </p>
+            )}
+
+            {rows.map((row) => {
+              const isOverlap = overlapping.has(row._id);
+              const badTime =
+                (row.start_time && !isValidTime(row.start_time)) ||
+                (row.end_time && !isValidTime(row.end_time));
+              const badFee = row.provider_fee <= 1.0;
+              const hasError = isOverlap || badTime || badFee;
+
+              return (
+                <div
+                  key={row._id}
+                  className={`flex flex-col gap-2 rounded-md border p-3 sm:flex-row sm:items-end ${
+                    hasError ? 'border-destructive bg-destructive/5' : ''
+                  }`}
+                >
+                  <div className='flex flex-1 flex-col gap-1'>
+                    <Label className='text-xs'>Start (UTC)</Label>
+                    <input
+                      type='time'
+                      value={row.start_time}
+                      onChange={(e) =>
+                        updateRow(
+                          row._id,
+                          'start_time',
+                          normalizeTime(e.target.value)
+                        )
+                      }
+                      className='border-input bg-background ring-offset-background focus-visible:ring-ring flex h-10 w-full rounded-md border px-3 py-2 font-mono text-sm focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50'
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                  <div className='flex flex-1 flex-col gap-1'>
+                    <Label className='text-xs'>End (UTC)</Label>
+                    <input
+                      type='time'
+                      value={row.end_time}
+                      onChange={(e) =>
+                        updateRow(
+                          row._id,
+                          'end_time',
+                          normalizeTime(e.target.value)
+                        )
+                      }
+                      className='border-input bg-background ring-offset-background focus-visible:ring-ring flex h-10 w-full rounded-md border px-3 py-2 font-mono text-sm focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50'
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                  <div className='flex flex-1 flex-col gap-1'>
+                    <Label className='text-xs'>Fee multiplier</Label>
+                    <Input
+                      type='number'
+                      step='0.001'
+                      min='0.001'
+                      placeholder='1.05'
+                      value={row.provider_fee}
+                      onChange={(e) =>
+                        updateRow(
+                          row._id,
+                          'provider_fee',
+                          parseFloat(e.target.value) || 0
+                        )
+                      }
+                    />
+                  </div>
+                  <Button
+                    variant='ghost'
+                    size='icon'
+                    className='text-destructive hover:text-destructive shrink-0'
+                    onClick={() => removeRow(row._id)}
+                  >
+                    <Trash2 className='h-4 w-4' />
+                  </Button>
+                </div>
+              );
+            })}
+          </div>
+
+          {overlapping.size > 0 && (
+            <p className='text-destructive text-xs'>
+              Some ranges overlap — fix them before saving.
+            </p>
+          )}
+        </div>
+
+        <div>
+          <Button variant='outline' size='sm' onClick={addRow}>
+            <Plus className='mr-1.5 h-4 w-4' />
+            Add Range
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+
+        <DialogFooter className='gap-2'>
+          <Button
+            variant='ghost'
+            onClick={handleClearAll}
+            disabled={clearing || noneSelected}
+            className='text-destructive hover:text-destructive mr-auto'
+          >
+            {clearing ? 'Clearing…' : 'Clear Selected'}
+          </Button>
+          <Button variant='outline' onClick={onClose}>
+            Cancel
+          </Button>
+          <Button onClick={handleSave} disabled={saving || hasValidationErrors}>
+            {saving
+              ? 'Saving…'
+              : `Save to ${selectedIds.size} provider${selectedIds.size !== 1 ? 's' : ''}`}
+          </Button>
+        </DialogFooter>
+      </DialogContent>
+    </Dialog>
+  );
+}

ui/components/provider-form-fields.tsx

@@ -202,26 +202,34 @@ export function ProviderFormFields({
 
       <div className='grid gap-2'>
         <Label htmlFor={`${idPrefix}provider_fee`}>
-          Provider Fee (Multiplier)
+          {mode === 'edit'
+            ? 'Default Provider Fee (Multiplier)'
+            : 'Provider Fee (Multiplier)'}
         </Label>
         <Input
           id={`${idPrefix}provider_fee`}
           type='number'
           step='0.001'
           min='1.0'
-          value={formData.provider_fee || ''}
-          onChange={(e) =>
-            setFormData((prev) => ({
-              ...prev,
-              provider_fee: e.target.value
-                ? parseFloat(e.target.value)
-                : undefined,
-            }))
+          value={
+            (mode === 'edit'
+              ? formData.provider_fee_default
+              : formData.provider_fee) || ''
           }
+          onChange={(e) => {
+            const val = e.target.value ? parseFloat(e.target.value) : undefined;
+            setFormData((prev) =>
+              mode === 'edit'
+                ? { ...prev, provider_fee_default: val }
+                : { ...prev, provider_fee: val }
+            );
+          }}
           placeholder={providerFeePlaceholder}
         />
         <p className='text-muted-foreground text-xs'>
-          1.01 means +1% e.g. currency exchange, card fees, etc.
+          {mode === 'edit'
+            ? 'This is the default fee when no schedule is active. Updates will not affect currently active scheduled fees.'
+            : '1.01 means +1% e.g. currency exchange, card fees, etc.'}
         </p>
       </div>
 

ui/components/providers/RoutstrCreateKeySection.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 'use client';
 
-import { useCallback, useState } from 'react';
+import { useState } from 'react';
 import Image from 'next/image';
 import { Copy, Loader2, Zap, KeyRound } from 'lucide-react';
 import { toast } from 'sonner';
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Badge } from '@/components/ui/badge';
-import { Separator } from '@/components/ui/separator';
 import { Tabs, TabsContent, TabsList, TabsTrigger } from '@/components/ui/tabs';
 
 interface RoutstrCreateKeySectionProps {

ui/components/settings/cli-tokens-settings.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+'use client';
+
+import * as React from 'react';
+import { useState, useEffect, useCallback } from 'react';
+import {
+  AdminService,
+  type CliTokenListItem,
+  type CliTokenCreated,
+} from '@/lib/api/services/admin';
+import {
+  Card,
+  CardContent,
+  CardHeader,
+  CardTitle,
+  CardDescription,
+} from '@/components/ui/card';
+import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
+import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
+import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
+import { Skeleton } from '@/components/ui/skeleton';
+import { Alert, AlertDescription } from '@/components/ui/alert';
+import { AlertCircle, Copy, Trash2, Check } from 'lucide-react';
+import { toast } from 'sonner';
+
+function formatTs(ts: number | null): string {
+  if (!ts) return '—';
+  return new Date(ts * 1000).toLocaleString();
+}
+
+export function CliTokensSettings(): React.ReactElement {
+  const [tokens, setTokens] = useState<CliTokenListItem[]>([]);
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
+  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const [name, setName] = useState('');
+  const [expiresInDays, setExpiresInDays] = useState<string>('');
+  const [creating, setCreating] = useState(false);
+  const [newToken, setNewToken] = useState<CliTokenCreated | null>(null);
+  const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false);
+
+  const loadTokens = useCallback(async (): Promise<void> => {
+    setLoading(true);
+    setError(null);
+    try {
+      const data = await AdminService.listCliTokens();
+      setTokens(data);
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
+      const message =
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Failed to load tokens';
+      setError(message);
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    void loadTokens();
+  }, [loadTokens]);
+
+  async function handleCreate(): Promise<void> {
+    const trimmed = name.trim();
+    if (!trimmed) {
+      toast.error('Name is required');
+      return;
+    }
+    const days = expiresInDays.trim()
+      ? Number.parseInt(expiresInDays.trim(), 10)
+      : undefined;
+    if (days !== undefined && (Number.isNaN(days) || days <= 0)) {
+      toast.error('Expiry must be a positive number of days');
+      return;
+    }
+
+    setCreating(true);
+    try {
+      const created = await AdminService.createCliToken(trimmed, days);
+      setNewToken(created);
+      setName('');
+      setExpiresInDays('');
+      await loadTokens();
+      toast.success('Token created. Copy it now — it will not be shown again.');
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
+      const message =
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Failed to create token';
+      toast.error(message);
+    } finally {
+      setCreating(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function handleRevoke(id: string): Promise<void> {
+    if (
+      !confirm('Revoke this token? Any CLI/agent using it will lose access.')
+    ) {
+      return;
+    }
+    try {
+      await AdminService.revokeCliToken(id);
+      await loadTokens();
+      toast.success('Token revoked');
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
+      const message =
+        err instanceof Error ? err.message : 'Failed to revoke token';
+      toast.error(message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function handleCopy(): Promise<void> {
+    if (!newToken) return;
+    await navigator.clipboard.writeText(newToken.token);
+    setCopied(true);
+    setTimeout(() => setCopied(false), 2000);
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div className='space-y-6'>
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle>Create CLI Token</CardTitle>
+          <CardDescription>
+            Generate a long-lived bearer token for the Routstr CLI or AI agents.
+            Use this token in <code>~/.routstr/config.json</code> or with{' '}
+            <code>routstr init --token &lt;token&gt;</code>.
+          </CardDescription>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent className='space-y-4'>
+          {newToken && (
+            <Alert className='border-green-500/50 bg-green-500/10'>
+              <AlertDescription className='space-y-3'>
+                <div className='font-medium text-green-700 dark:text-green-400'>
+                  Token created. Copy it now — it will not be shown again.
+                </div>
+                <div className='flex items-center gap-2'>
+                  <code className='bg-muted flex-1 rounded px-3 py-2 text-xs break-all'>
+                    {newToken.token}
+                  </code>
+                  <Button
+                    type='button'
+                    variant='outline'
+                    size='sm'
+                    onClick={handleCopy}
+                  >
+                    {copied ? (
+                      <Check className='h-4 w-4' />
+                    ) : (
+                      <Copy className='h-4 w-4' />
+                    )}
+                  </Button>
+                </div>
+                <Button
+                  type='button'
+                  variant='ghost'
+                  size='sm'
+                  onClick={() => setNewToken(null)}
+                >
+                  Dismiss
+                </Button>
+              </AlertDescription>
+            </Alert>
+          )}
+          <div className='grid grid-cols-1 gap-4 md:grid-cols-2'>
+            <div className='space-y-2'>
+              <Label htmlFor='cli-token-name'>Name</Label>
+              <Input
+                id='cli-token-name'
+                placeholder='e.g. dev-laptop, ci-runner'
+                value={name}
+                onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)}
+                disabled={creating}
+              />
+            </div>
+            <div className='space-y-2'>
+              <Label htmlFor='cli-token-expiry'>
+                Expires in days (optional)
+              </Label>
+              <Input
+                id='cli-token-expiry'
+                type='number'
+                min='1'
+                placeholder='Never expires if blank'
+                value={expiresInDays}
+                onChange={(e) => setExpiresInDays(e.target.value)}
+                disabled={creating}
+              />
+            </div>
+          </div>
+          <Button onClick={handleCreate} disabled={creating || !name.trim()}>
+            {creating ? 'Creating…' : 'Create Token'}
+          </Button>
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+
+      <Card>
+        <CardHeader>
+          <CardTitle>Active Tokens</CardTitle>
+          <CardDescription>
+            Tokens authorize CLI/agent calls to admin endpoints. Revoke any
+            token that may have been exposed.
+          </CardDescription>
+        </CardHeader>
+        <CardContent>
+          {error && (
+            <Alert variant='destructive' className='mb-4'>
+              <AlertCircle className='h-4 w-4' />
+              <AlertDescription>{error}</AlertDescription>
+            </Alert>
+          )}
+          {loading ? (
+            <div className='space-y-2'>
+              <Skeleton className='h-12 w-full' />
+              <Skeleton className='h-12 w-full' />
+            </div>
+          ) : tokens.length === 0 ? (
+            <p className='text-muted-foreground text-sm'>
+              No tokens yet. Create one above.
+            </p>
+          ) : (
+            <div className='overflow-x-auto'>
+              <table className='w-full text-sm'>
+                <thead>
+                  <tr className='text-muted-foreground border-b text-left'>
+                    <th className='py-2 pr-4 font-medium'>Name</th>
+                    <th className='py-2 pr-4 font-medium'>Token</th>
+                    <th className='py-2 pr-4 font-medium'>Created</th>
+                    <th className='py-2 pr-4 font-medium'>Last used</th>
+                    <th className='py-2 pr-4 font-medium'>Expires</th>
+                    <th className='py-2 font-medium'></th>
+                  </tr>
+                </thead>
+                <tbody>
+                  {tokens.map((t) => (
+                    <tr key={t.id} className='border-b last:border-0'>
+                      <td className='py-2 pr-4'>{t.name}</td>
+                      <td className='py-2 pr-4 font-mono text-xs'>
+                        {t.token_preview}
+                      </td>
+                      <td className='text-muted-foreground py-2 pr-4'>
+                        {formatTs(t.created_at)}
+                      </td>
+                      <td className='text-muted-foreground py-2 pr-4'>
+                        {formatTs(t.last_used_at)}
+                      </td>
+                      <td className='text-muted-foreground py-2 pr-4'>
+                        {t.expires_at ? formatTs(t.expires_at) : 'Never'}
+                      </td>
+                      <td className='py-2'>
+                        <Button
+                          type='button'
+                          variant='ghost'
+                          size='sm'
+                          onClick={() => void handleRevoke(t.id)}
+                        >
+                          <Trash2 className='h-4 w-4' />
+                        </Button>
+                      </td>
+                    </tr>
+                  ))}
+                </tbody>
+              </table>
+            </div>
+          )}
+        </CardContent>
+      </Card>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

ui/lib/api/services/admin.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ export const ProviderTypeSchema = z.object({
   can_show_balance: z.boolean(),
 });
 
+export const FeeTimeRangeSchema = z.object({
+  start_time: z.string(),
+  end_time: z.string(),
+  provider_fee: z.number(),
+});
+
 export const UpstreamProviderSchema = z.object({
   id: z.number(),
   provider_type: z.string(),
@@ -20,7 +26,9 @@ export const UpstreamProviderSchema = z.object({
   api_version: z.string().nullable().optional(),
   enabled: z.boolean(),
   provider_fee: z.number().optional(),
+  provider_fee_default: z.number().optional(),
   provider_settings: z.record(z.string(), z.any()).nullable().optional(),
+  provider_fee_schedules: z.array(FeeTimeRangeSchema).optional().default([]),
 });
 
 export const CreateUpstreamProviderSchema = z.object({
@@ -30,6 +38,7 @@ export const CreateUpstreamProviderSchema = z.object({
   api_version: z.string().nullable().optional(),
   enabled: z.boolean().default(true),
   provider_fee: z.number().optional(),
+  provider_fee_default: z.number().optional(),
   provider_settings: z.record(z.string(), z.any()).nullable().optional(),
 });
 
@@ -40,6 +49,7 @@ export const UpdateUpstreamProviderSchema = z.object({
   api_version: z.string().nullable().optional(),
   enabled: z.boolean().optional(),
   provider_fee: z.number().optional(),
+  provider_fee_default: z.number().optional(),
   provider_settings: z.record(z.string(), z.any()).nullable().optional(),
 });
 
@@ -76,6 +86,7 @@ export const AdminModelSchema = z.object({
   canonical_slug: z.string().nullable().optional(),
   alias_ids: z.array(z.string()).nullable().optional(),
   enabled: z.boolean().default(true),
+  forwarded_model_id: z.string().nullable().optional(),
 });
 
 export const ProviderModelsSchema = z.object({
@@ -96,6 +107,7 @@ export type CreateUpstreamProvider = z.infer<
 export type UpdateUpstreamProvider = z.infer<
   typeof UpdateUpstreamProviderSchema
 >;
+export type FeeTimeRange = z.infer<typeof FeeTimeRangeSchema>;
 export type AdminModel = z.infer<typeof AdminModelSchema>;
 export type AdminModelPricing = z.infer<typeof AdminModelPricingSchema>;
 export type AdminModelArchitecture = z.infer<
@@ -307,6 +319,30 @@ export class AdminService {
     );
   }
 
+  static async getFeeSchedules(providerId: number): Promise<FeeTimeRange[]> {
+    return await apiClient.get<FeeTimeRange[]>(
+      `/admin/api/upstream-providers/${providerId}/fee-schedules`
+    );
+  }
+
+  static async updateFeeSchedules(
+    providerId: number,
+    schedules: FeeTimeRange[]
+  ): Promise<FeeTimeRange[]> {
+    return await apiClient.put<FeeTimeRange[]>(
+      `/admin/api/upstream-providers/${providerId}/fee-schedules`,
+      { schedules }
+    );
+  }
+
+  static async deleteFeeSchedules(
+    providerId: number
+  ): Promise<{ ok: boolean }> {
+    return await apiClient.delete<{ ok: boolean }>(
+      `/admin/api/upstream-providers/${providerId}/fee-schedules`
+    );
+  }
+
   static async getProviderModels(providerId: number): Promise<ProviderModels> {
     const data = await apiClient.get<ProviderModels>(
       `/admin/api/upstream-providers/${providerId}/models`
@@ -890,13 +926,17 @@ export class AdminService {
     type?: string,
     status?: string,
     search?: string,
-    limit: number = 100
+    source?: string,
+    limit: number = 50,
+    offset: number = 0
   ): Promise<TransactionsResponse> {
     const params = new URLSearchParams();
     if (type) params.append('type', type);
     if (status) params.append('status', status);
     if (search) params.append('search', search);
+    if (source) params.append('source', source);
     params.append('limit', limit.toString());
+    params.append('offset', offset.toString());
 
     return await apiClient.get<TransactionsResponse>(
       `/admin/api/transactions?${params.toString()}`
@@ -961,6 +1001,45 @@ export class AdminService {
       balance_data: number | null | Record<string, unknown>;
     }>(`/admin/api/upstream-providers/${providerId}/balance`);
   }
+
+  // ── CLI Tokens ──
+
+  static async listCliTokens(): Promise<CliTokenListItem[]> {
+    return await apiClient.get<CliTokenListItem[]>('/admin/api/cli-tokens');
+  }
+
+  static async createCliToken(
+    name: string,
+    expiresInDays?: number
+  ): Promise<CliTokenCreated> {
+    return await apiClient.post<CliTokenCreated>('/admin/api/cli-tokens', {
+      name,
+      expires_in_days: expiresInDays ?? null,
+    });
+  }
+
+  static async revokeCliToken(tokenId: string): Promise<{ ok: boolean }> {
+    return await apiClient.delete<{ ok: boolean }>(
+      `/admin/api/cli-tokens/${encodeURIComponent(tokenId)}`
+    );
+  }
+}
+
+export interface CliTokenListItem {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  token_preview: string;
+  created_at: number;
+  last_used_at: number | null;
+  expires_at: number | null;
+}
+
+export interface CliTokenCreated {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  token: string;
+  created_at: number;
+  expires_at: number | null;
 }
 
 export const TemporaryBalanceSchema = z.object({
@@ -1134,6 +1213,8 @@ export interface Transaction {
   created_at: number;
   collected: boolean;
   swept: boolean;
+  source: 'x-cashu' | 'apikey';
+  api_key_hashed_key?: string;
 }
 
 export interface TransactionsResponse {